一种新型Al-Cu-Li系合金的高温塑性变形研究

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机高温压缩与高温拉伸试验,对一种新型Al-Cu-Li系合金的高温塑性变形进行了研究,并利用扫描电镜和透射电镜对该合金高温变形后的组织进行了观察。结果表明,在350℃~470℃的变形温度范围内,以1s-1~30s-1的变形速度压缩时,合金的极限压下量基本都在80%以上。以30s-1应变速度压缩时,在470℃时极限压下量陡然下降,说明变形速度很大时变形温度不宜过高。分别以0.1s-1和1s-1变形速度拉伸时,在410℃~470℃温度区间塑性较好。     

1420铝锂合金板材细晶化及超塑性能试验研究北大核心CSCD

为了研究不同热轧工艺下的1420铝锂合金板材的高温拉伸力学性能,选取了厚度为7.3 mm的1420铝锂合金板材,首先进行了高温轧制试验,获得其最佳轧制工艺和成形条件。通过热轧工艺获得的板材的可利用率高,在每道次15%的压下量下板材不完全细晶化,其伸长率大幅度提高。其次,在MTS810拉伸试验机上进行了475℃下的高温拉伸试验,分析了轧制工艺对板材伸长率的影响。结果表明:板材的晶粒细化作用对伸长率的影响更大,当应变速率为0.8×10^(-3)s^(-1)时,伸长率在300%以上,符合最佳超塑成形工艺条件。最后,通过金相分析观察了不同制备工艺下板材的微观组织结构,发现每道次压下量的增加,阻碍了位错运动,试验结果为1420铝锂合金板材的大规模工业化应用提供了理论依据。     

双辊铸轧镁合金热塑性和热轧工艺研究

采用高温拉伸实验，研究了铸轧镁合金在高温下的塑性变形特征。研究表明，随实验温度升高，合金高温抗拉强度下降，塑性增加；在300～400℃实验温度下，合金的变形抗力相对较低，热塑性较好；在350℃下热轧，经多道次轧制变形，在300℃×60min退火后，抗拉强度达到270MPa，伸长率为29．8％。     

不同温度下AZ61镁合金铸轧板轧制极限变形量的研究

对AZ61镁合金铸轧板进行了不同温度下的轧制试验。结果表明:随着加工温度的增加,合金的极限成形能力逐渐增大,其极限成形能力由室温轧制时的10%提高到400℃轧制时的85%。在轧制温度低于300℃时,添加0.8%混合稀土的镁合金比不加稀土镁合金单道次轧制的极限压下量要大,当轧制温度高于300℃轧制时,两者的极限压下量趋于相等。变形温度350~400℃和变形量大于60%是最适合AZ61镁合金轧制的工艺,可以得到10μm以下的等轴细晶粒。     

电磁搅拌态Al-5Fe基合金轧制及组织与性能

利用电磁搅拌技术制备了Al-5Fe-1.2Si-1Mg-0.6Cu-0.5Mn合金轧制坯锭,研究Al-5Fe基合金的轧制变形能力及合金的组织性能。结果发现,Al-5Fe基合金在道次压下量较小时表现出较好的变形性能,随着压下量的增加,材料的变形性能变差。合金最佳变形温度范围在430～460℃之间;合金的道次压下量不宜过大,以2～3mm为宜。用电磁搅拌坯锭轧制的板材,其富Fe相的破碎效果较电磁搅拌合金有大幅度的改善。在道次压下量不变的情况下,采用轧制温度为460℃,道次压下量为2mm时制备的板材中富Fe相细小、均匀,且板材力学性能最好,其室温下的抗拉强度和伸长率分别达到314.5MPa和7.2%。     

Al-6Zn-2Mg-0.2Sc-0.1Zr合金的热变形工艺研究

在Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机上对Al-6Zn-2Mg-0.2Sc-0.1Zr合金进行等温压缩试验,建立了该合金在变形温度为350～500℃、应变速率为1～10 s-1条件下的热加工图。利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了不同变形程度下合金的组织和热裂纹,确定了适宜的变形参数。结果表明:Al-6Zn-2Mg-0.2Sc-0.1Zr合金高温变形的峰值应力随变形温度的升高而降低,其适宜的热加工温度和应变速率范围为:T440℃,1.4 s-1ε3.5 s-1,单道次变形量小于60%。     

GH738高温合金热加工行为

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟机对GH738镍基高温合金进行高温热压缩变形实验,分析该合金在变形温度1000~1160℃、应变速率0.01~10s-1、工程变形量15%~70%条件下流变应力的变化规律。确定GH738合金热变形方程,建立热加工图(Processing map),并通过组织观察对热加工图进行解释。GH738合金热变形激活能Q为499kJ/mol;热加工图随不同变形量而变化,在应变速率较低,温度较高的状态下,能量耗散效率较高。综合应变量为0.2,0.4,0.6和0.8应变量下的热加工图,确立了该合金最佳热加工"安全通道",为GH738高温合金热加工工艺优化提供理论依据。     

Ti对近共晶铝镁硅合金热变行为的影响

采用Gleebe-3500热模拟试验机在变形温度350℃~500℃,应变速率0.01s~(-1)、0.1s~(-1)、1s~(-1)和5s~(-1),最大变形量60%的条件下对近共晶Al-Mg-Si、Al-Mg-Si-Ti合金进行等温热压缩模拟研究。建立了两种近共晶合金的高温流变本构方程和热加工图,并结合EBSD微观组织分析了Ti对近共晶Al-Mg-Si合金高温流变行为的影响。研究结果表明,可用含Arrhenius项的Z参数描述两种合金高温变形时的流变行为;并基于热加工图得出Al-Mg-Si合金优化的工艺参数为变形温度475℃~500℃,变形速率0.01s-1,Al-Mg-Si-Ti合金优化的工艺参数为变形温度450℃~475℃,变形速率0.1s~(-1);同时发现含Ti第二相颗粒会在高温塑性变形过程中阻碍位错运动,抑制动态再结晶软化,提高合金高温流变应力和形变激活能。     

V-5Cr-5Ti合金的热加工性能

通过Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机进行铸态V-5Cr-5Ti合金的高温压缩和拉伸试验,研究压缩过程中变形温度对合金临界变形量和临界变形抗力的影响和在拉伸过程中变形温度对合金屈服强度和断面收缩率的影响规律,并用金相显微镜分析了合金的压缩变形组织。结果表明:V-5Cr-5Ti合金的热加工变形抗力大、塑性低,欲改善其加工性能,加热温度的选择及控制尤为重要。合金的加工温度应严格控制在1150～1250℃,变形量控制在30%以内,才能得到满足要求的合金。     

喷射成形镍基高温合金热变形特性及微观组织变化

采用Gleeble-1500D热力模拟试验机对喷射成形 热等静压制备的镍基高温合金,在变形温度1050-1140 ℃,应变速率0.01-10.0 s-1,工程应变量50%的条件下进行了热压缩实验.利用实验数据建立了合金的热加工图和热激活能图,对变形过程中组织演化进行了研究.结果表明,热等静压并没有使喷射成形高温合金晶粒尺寸明显长大.真应力-应变曲线出现了屈服降落现象;合金热加工图失稳区出现在温度区间1050-1110 ℃,应变速率0.01 s-1处;在1110-1140 ℃,应变速率1.0-10.0 s-1区间功率耗散值(η)出现最大值;在1140 ℃,应变速率1.0-10.0 s-1区间激活能出现一个小平台区.在变形温度1110-1140 ℃、应变速率1.0-10.0 s-1、变形量50%的条件下,可得到完全再结晶组织,该变形条件与热加工图中功率耗散最大值所在区间和激活能图中小平台区所在区间相对应.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.