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表面粗糙度光纤传感器检测装置的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
一、引言在CIMS 中,表面粗糙度是监控加工过程和工件质量的最重要的参数之一。虽然目前的轮廓仪可以精确地检测表面粗糙度,但它不适用于自动制造中的在线测量和控制,而且对于超精加工而言,往往不允许进行具有破坏性的接触式测量。为此,人们一直试图开发非接触式的光电方法和装置来检测表面粗糙度。虽然强度型光纤传感器具有结构简单和价格低廉等优点,但光源光强的漂移以及某些干扰光对传感器的信号稳定性有极大的影响。如果能够有效消除这种影响,使测量信号足够稳定,则这种传感器应用的前景将是十分广阔的。采用强度型光纤传感器检测表面粗糙度是基于散射的原理,所以测量结果不仅与工件的加工质量有关,而且也与工件表面的清洁程度直接有关。因此,在采用光电法检测表面粗糙度时,工件表面的清洁处理必须规范化,这对于确保测量重复性至关重要。 相似文献
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外圆纵向磨削表面粗糙度的在线检测研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
现代机械制造工艺对机械加工过程中的表面粗糙度的测量要求日益提高,不仅要保证测量精度,而且要提高测量效率。表面粗糙度测量有接触式和非接触式两种方法。接触式测量仪器稳定性好,示值客观、可靠,使用方便。但是,触针式表面粗糙度测量仪存在着易划伤软性材料表面、易使薄壁试件变形、测量速度低、测量范围小及不易实现自动化在线检测等弊端。而在表面粗糙度的非接触式测量中,光学法是测量的主体,其测量精度高,适合对软材料、易损工件以及某些带有有用信息的表面进行测量,可以较好地弥补触针式表面粗糙度测量仪的不足。目前光学法测量表面粗糙度的仪器有许多种,它们各有特点,但多数只限于在实验室良好环境下使用,能够在现场恶劣环境中对精加工后工件的表面粗糙度值进行在线测量的仪器并不是很多。 相似文献
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三维表面粗糙度的表征和应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
表面粗糙度会直接影响零部件的耐磨性、密封性以及抗腐蚀性等,是评定机械加工和产品质量的重要指标。现代科技水平的不断提高对零件表面性能的要求也日益严苛。传统的二维表面粗糙度的测量和表征已经不再能够满足技术发展的要求,三维表面粗糙度由于能够更加全面、真实地反映工件表面的状态而受到人们的重视,成为研究热点。本文回顾了三维表面粗糙度的发展历史,系统地介绍了三维表面粗糙度参数及标准的发展现状,分析了表面形貌与功能特性的联系,概述了三维粗糙度参数在制造业、生物医疗、摩擦学与材料科学等领域的广泛应用,并进一步指出了三维表面粗糙度表征和应用的发展方向。未来随着相关研究(比如,三维测量的溯源性、重复性、参数表征体系等问题)的深入以及三维表面测量手段的发展,三维表面粗糙度参数也将不断完善和推广,并更多地与实际功能相结合来预测并指导生产,确保工件的表面质量。 相似文献
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<正> 传统机械式表面粗糙度检测仪在测量软材料工件,如橡胶、塑料、铝等工件时,易造成表面的局部变形或损伤;而测量特别硬的工件时,则易造成测头磨损。因此,近十年来,非接触式表面粗糙度检测方法在国内外得到了重视和发展。德国Perthen厂最近推出的FOCODYN就是一个代表产品。它采用激光二极管光源及微型光学元件组成的光学检测系统等构成光学测量头,对工件的轮廓粗糙度作非接触的检测,具有特色、现简介如下。八十年代,由于微型半导体激光器、微型光学元件及系统以及光电传感元件的日趋成熟, 相似文献
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<正> 通常,要进行工件形状、表面粗糙度和尺寸的测量,至少需要两个不同的测量仪。而RANK精密工程厂生产的这种新测量仪,能单线同时进行工件形状、表面粗糙度、半径和表面倾斜角度的测量. 这种量仪垂直测程为4mm,分辨率为0.4μm。 相似文献
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基于三维视觉检测原理对三维显微光切法表面粗糙度非接触测量技术进行研究。使激光光线与被测工件表面相切,利用工业相机采集获取表面微观轮廓,采用图像处理技术恢复出微观轮廓的几何形貌。根据设计算法,由表面粗糙度评定算法得到表面粗糙度的R_a、R_z等评定指标。这种测量方法效率高,适用范围广,且非接触式测量可避免对工件表面的损坏。 相似文献
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照明技术对车削工件表面粗糙度在机视觉测量具有重要意义,不同的照明方法会得到不同的测量结果。为寻求最合适的照明方法,分别用不同颜色和不同角度的光源为工件提供照明进行实验,并对获取的图像进行二值化处理。最后,通过对处理结果进行对比分析,得出较为合适的照明方法,为车削工件表面粗糙度在机视觉测量提供照明方案。 相似文献
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本文简单论述根据光散射理论研制的表面粗糙度测量光纤传感器的结构特点,介绍了利用这种新型传感器构成的表面粗糙度比较测量仪的结构原理和性能分析。仪器实际测量精度为±20%,重复精度为±5%。 相似文献
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一种快速测量路面谱方法的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
提出了一种快速测取路面谱的新方法,通过测量轮轴处的时域加速度来间接计算路面平度谱,从而大大简化了操作。在作功率谱估计时采用了参数模型法,可利用较小的数据快速算得结果,通过与传统的富氏谱分析结果的比较,验证了短序列数据分析的优势,为实时路面谱测量仪器提供了实用算法。 相似文献
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A new optical technique which allows the roughness of moving surfaces to be determined was developed. The new technique which is called the dark/bright ratio (DBR) method utilizes the combined effects of speckle and scattering phenomena. The roughness of surfaces is inferred from the dimensions of the recorded dark or bright area in the speckle pattern. Although it is a relative method, it has great potential to be used for in-process measurement and automation owing to the simplicity of both its principle and required optical set-up. The new technique has also been proved to have large measuring range and with high precision. The principle of this technique and the set-up of the measuring system are described. Experimental results for both static and dynamic conditions, which were compared to those obtained using the traditional stylus technique, were found to be in good agreement. The reliability of the new technique in obtaining roughness data of surfaces under various speed conditions (from 0 to 0.017 m/s) was validated. 相似文献
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R. Brodmann 《Precision Engineering》1986,8(4):221-226
This paper deals with a non-contact, optical measuring method which unites the assessment of roughness form and waviness in one single instrument. The 相似文献
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利用微机对HOMMEL T2000型表面粗糙度仪进行升级改造,软件部分采用VC++语言编写数据处理程序,硬件部分采用PCI接口的AC6112数据采集卡及AC6651I/O接口卡。 相似文献
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《Measurement》1988,6(1):33-36
A method for non-contacting profile assessment and roughness measurements of engineering surfaces is presented. The well known effect of focusing a light beam on the surface is used, at the same time compensating for the effect on the measuring results of varying material colours by appropriately processing the measuring signal. The sensor and the transducer are connected with the data-processing unit of a stylus instrument, which provides for a simple procedure of recording the roughness profile and calculating standard roughness parameters from it. The measuring results thus obtained agree well with the results of traditional stylus instruments. 相似文献
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This paper describes an on-line system for digital analysis of surfaces where the electrical signal from a surface roughness instrument is converted and input into a desk-top computer which also controls the traversing. Special fixtures integrated with the system and dedicated software permit two- and three-dimensional tracings to be carried out on plane as well as on cylindrical parts. The surface profiles can be plotted in different ways. Roughness parameters, frequency spectra etc, can be computed digitally and all results can be stored. Scratches and irregularities on the surface can be identified and processed separately from the rest of the surface. The desk-top computer is connected to the university mainframe computer through a modem, this being of advantage in connection with graphic data processing. The capability of the equipment has been investigated and results from calibration are presented. 相似文献
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Andrew Douglas Bankhead 《Precision Engineering》1992,14(4):196-205
An optical microscope has been developed based on the differential interference contrast method to evaluate the roughness of supersmooth surfaces. The instrument uses a Bragg cell and a translation stage driven by a DC motor to produce an image of an area of a sample. Its lateral resolution is 2 μm and its vertical resolution is subangstrom. It takes only 7 seconds to scan an area of 1 mm2. Three different curve fits can be used to remove the tilt, the curvature, and the low spatial frequency features of the sample. A figure for surface roughness is produced that is repeatable to 0.01 Å. The instrument is described and the noise sources and repeatability are discussed. The results of measurements of ring laser gyroscope mirror substrates are shown. 相似文献