蛋白水解诱导因子在非小细胞肺癌中的表达

目的:研究蛋白水解诱导因子(proteolysis-inducing factor,PIF)在非小细胞肺癌中的表达.方法:应用免疫组化方法,检测PIF在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达情况,并探讨PIF表达与非小细胞肺癌组织学类型、肿瘤组织分化程度、临床分期的关系.并与常用肿瘤标记物癌胚抗原(CEA)和细胞角蛋白19片断(CYFRA21-1)相比较,探讨PIF作为肿瘤标记物的可能性.结果:非小细胞肺癌组织中存在PIF特异性表达,其表达与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).PIF的表达在非小细胞肺癌不同组织类型、不同临床分期、不同分化程度中的差异没有统计学显著性(P＞0.05),即PIF表达与非小细胞肺癌组织学类型、临床分期以及分化程度无关.与CEA和CYFRA21-1相比,只在肺鳞癌中比癌胚抗原的敏感性高(P＜0.05).结论:PIF在非小细胞肺癌中存在特异性表达,其表达与肿瘤组织学类型、临床分期以及组织分化程度无关,而作为非小细胞肺癌的肿瘤标记物其敏感性并不比常用的CYFRA21-1好.     

bag-1、bcl-2和bax在非小细胞肺癌中的表达和意义及其与化疗多药耐药相关性的研究

背景与目的 bag-1、bcl-2和bax均为凋亡相关蛋白,在肿瘤诊断、病情进展、转移潜能和耐药性以及预后评价等方面具有潜在价值.本研究拟研究bag-1、bcl-2和bax蛋白在非小细胞肺癌中的表达以及与非小细胞肺癌发生发展的关系,并且探讨其与肺癌化疗耐药的相关性.方法 采用免疫组化SP法对140例非小细胞肺癌组织(其中40例为新辅助化疗1个-2个周期后手术的非小细胞肺癌患者组织)与15例支气管扩张组织的石蜡切片标本进行bag-1、bcl-2和bax蛋白表达的检测.结果 非小细胞肺癌组织中bag-1、bcl-2蛋白表达水平高于肺良性病变组织(P<0.05),bax蛋白的表达水平低于肺良性病变组织(P<0.05);bag-1、bcl-2和bax蛋白表达水平与非小细胞肺癌患者的年龄、性别、组织学分类、P-TNM分期及淋巴结转移等均无明显相关性(P>0.05),但是bag-1与肺癌细胞分化程度相关,分化越差,bag-1阳性表达率越高(P<0.05);非小细胞肺癌中bcl-2蛋白表达与bag-1蛋白表达明显止相关(r=0.371)(P<0.01),bcl-2与bax蛋白呈明显负相关(r=-0.225)(P<0.01);新辅助化疗使bag-1和bcl-2蛋白表达水平都有一定水平的增高,但bax蛋白表达水平没有显著变化.结论 非小细胞肺癌组织中存在bag-1、bcl-2蛋白的高表达和bax蛋白的低表达;bag-1蛋白表达水平与非小细胞肺癌的分化程度有密切关系;非小细胞肺癌组织中bag-1表达水平与bcl-2间存在非常显著止相关,bcl-2与bax间存在显著负相关;本研究未观察到bag-1、bcl-2和bax与肺癌多药耐药性间的相关性.     

二甲基阿米洛利对高转移性肺癌细胞侵袭能力的影响及其作用机制

目的:研究二甲基阿米洛利(dimethyl amiloride, DMA)对人高转移性肺癌PGCL3细胞体外侵袭能力的影响,并探讨其可能的作用机制.方法:肺癌PGCL3细胞经DMA处理后,用Transwell小室法检测其对细胞侵袭和运动能力的影响,发色底物法检测DMA对细胞分泌的尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(urokinase-type plasminogen activator, uPA)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1(plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1)活性的影响,RT-PCR检测DMA对细胞uPA、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, uPAR)和PAI-1 mRNA表达的影响,Western印迹法检测细胞外调节蛋白激酶2(extracellular regulated protein kinases 2,ERK2)和ras蛋白表达的变化.结果:DMA能抑制PGCL3细胞的体外侵袭和运动能力,下调uPA、uPAR和PAI-1的mRNA表达,上调ras蛋白的表达;高浓度时DMA可降低细胞分泌的uPA活性,但对分泌型PAI-1活性和ERK2蛋白表达无影响.结论:DMA能抑制高转移性肺癌PGCL3细胞的侵袭和运动,其作用机制可能与抑制uPA系统的表达有关.     

非小细胞肺癌淋巴结转移相关因素的研究

目的肿瘤淋巴结转移与细胞外基质降解、浸润、迁移及肿瘤血管形成有关。检测尿激酶纤溶酶原激活物（uPA）、尿激酶纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂（PAI-1）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和微血管密度（MVD）在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达以及与淋巴结转移的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学方法联合检测52例非小细胞肺癌组织中uPA、PAI-1、VEGF和MVD的表达水平。结果uPA、PAI-1、VEGF和MVD在非小细胞肺癌中的表达显著高于正常肺组织,影响淋巴结转移的相关因素是TNM分期（P〈0．001）、肿瘤侵犯程度（P=0．034）、uPA表达（P=0．048）、VEGF表达（P=0．047）。多因素分析表明VEGF高表达是淋巴结转移的独立影响因素（P=0．043）。结论uPA、VEGF高表达与NSCLC．的淋巴结转移密切相关,促进了肿瘤转移。     

蛋白水解诱导因子在非小细胞肺癌中的表达

目的：研究蛋白水解诱导因子（proteolysis—inducing factor,PIF）在非小细胞肺癌中的表达。方法：应用免疫组化方法,检测PIF在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达情况,并探讨PIF表达与非小细胞肺癌组织学类型、肿瘤组织分化程度、临床分期的关系。并与常用肿瘤标记物癌胚抗原（CEA）和细胞角蛋白19片断（CY-FRA21—1）相比较,探讨PIF作为肿瘤标记物的可能性。结果：非小细胞肺癌组织中存在PIF特异性表达,其表达与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。PIF的表达在非小细胞肺癌不同组织类型、不同临床分期、不同分化程度中的差异没有统计学显著性（P〉0．05）,即PIF表达与非小细胞肺癌组织学类型、临床分期以及分化程度无关。与CEA和CYFRA21—1相比,只在肺鳞癌中比癌胚抗原的敏感性高（P〈0．05）。结论：PIF在非小细胞肺癌中存在特异性表达,其表达与肿瘤组织学类型、临床分期以及组织分化程度无关,而作为非小细胞肺癌的肿瘤标记物其敏感性并不比常用的CYFRA21—1好。     

p53蛋白在非小细胞肺癌中表达及与其临床特征、同步放化疗疗效的关系分析

目的：检测p53蛋白在非小细胞肺癌患者中的表达水平,并探讨其表达与临床特征的相关性及同步放化疗疗效的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法,检测100例非小细胞肺癌组织中p53表达水平,结合显微图像分析仪测定p53免疫组化强度,以阳性单位为定量分析单位。分析p53表达水平与患者临床病理特征及同步放化疗疗效的关系。结果 p53蛋白在非小细胞肺癌中阳性表达率为48％;p53表达与淋巴结转移、远端转移和TNM分期均无显著相关性;非小细胞肺癌p53蛋白表达者放化疗效果显著低于p53蛋白表达阴性患者,且p53蛋白表达与患者生存期呈负相关。结论 p53表达与否影响非小细胞肺癌患者化疗效果,与生存期直接相关,临床治疗时可考虑将其作为治疗靶点。     

非小细胞肺癌中Id蛋白的表达及预后意义

目的：研究4种分化抑制因子（inhibitors of differentiation,Id）Id1,Id2,Id3和Id4在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC）组织中的表达及临床意义.方法：采用免疫组织化学方法检测68例非小细胞肺癌及对应癌旁肺组织中4种Id蛋白的表达水平并探讨其与NSCLC患者临床参数及生存时间的关系.结果：68例非小细胞肺癌中4种Id蛋白表达的阳性率分别为67.4％,89.7％,88.2％和64.7％,高于癌旁组织中的表达（P ＜0.05）;Id1和Id3蛋白与分化程度相关（P＜0.05）,Id2蛋白的表达与患者淋巴结转移正相关（P＜0.05）,4种Id蛋白的表达水平与患者的性别,年龄,组织类型及临床分期无关（P＞0.05）;Id2蛋白阴性与阳性表达的患者术后生存时间具有显著性差异（P＜0.05）.结论：4种Id蛋白在非小细胞肺癌患者中表达上调,Id1和Id3与NSCLC的分化程度相关,Id2蛋白与NSCLC的转移及患者的预后相关,可能作为评价其预后的标志.     

非小细胞肺癌中nm23、P-gp基因蛋白表达的研究

目的 研究非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC ）中nm23及多药耐药基因蛋白MDR1产物P-糖蛋白（P-glycoprotein ,P-gp）的表达及其临床意义。方法 用免疫组化二步法对69例非小细胞肺癌进行nm23,P-gp检测分析并随访.结果 69例非小细胞肺癌中nm23及P-gp的阳性表达率为18.84%、17.73%。 nm23蛋白表达与P-gp耐药基因表达无关（P〉0.05）。nm23的表达与淋巴结转移有关（P〈0.01）。耐药基因MDR1产物P-糖蛋白的阳性表达与非小细胞肺癌的组织学类型有关（P〈0.05）；与淋巴结转移及临床分期相关（P≤0.01）；与性别、年龄无关（P〉0.05）。结论部分非小细胞肺癌病人体内存在多药耐药基因MDR1产物P-gp或对P-gp介导的抗癌药物已产生耐药.nm23基因蛋白在非小细胞肺癌中的表达与多药耐药基因蛋白MDR1产物P-gp无关；与非小细胞肺癌的淋巴结转移呈相反关系；对判断肺癌的预后有重要意义。非小细胞肺癌中多药耐药基因P-gp的表达与组织学类型、淋巴结转移、临床分期有关。     

CK7、TTF-1、p63在非小细胞肺癌患者体内表达变化的意义研究

目的 观察细胞角蛋白7(CK7)、甲状腺转录因子-1(TTF-1)、p63蛋白在非小细胞肺癌患者体内的表达情况,并分析其临床意义.方法 选取80例非小细胞肺癌患者的非小细胞肺癌组织作为非小细胞肺癌组,另选取其正常肺组织作为对照组.观察非小细胞肺癌组织中CK7、TTF-1、p63的阳性表达率,比较不同临床病理特征非小细胞肺癌患者CK7、TTF-1、p63阳性表达率的差异,分析影响非小细胞肺癌患者CK7、TTF-1、p63阳性表达率的因素.结果 非小细胞肺癌组织中的CK7、TTF-1、p63阳性表达率均明显高于正常肺组织(P﹤0.001);不同TNM分期、淋巴结转移、组织学分型和分化程度非小细胞肺癌患者CK7、TTF-1、p63的阳性表达率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),不同年龄、性别非小细胞肺癌患者CK7、TTF-1、p63的阳性表达率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,淋巴结转移和组织学分型是非小细胞肺癌患者CK7、TTF-1、p63阳性表达的影响因素(P﹤0.05).结论 CK7、TTF-1、p63在非小细胞肺癌患者体内高表达,且与患者的淋巴结转移情况和组织学分型密切相关.     

WT1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其与肺癌细胞增殖的关系

目的:探讨人非小细胞肺癌及其相应癌旁组织中WT1基因(Wilms' tumor gene 1,WT1)的表达,体外研究其与肺癌细胞增殖的关系.方法:应用实时荧光定量PCR法检测79例非小细胞肺癌组织及其相应癌旁组织中WT1 mRNA的表达情况.构建重组质粒pLV-GFP-WT1,并通过脂质体LipofectAMINE 2000将其瞬时转染至非小细胞肺癌H1299细胞中,应用蛋白质印迹法检测转染后H1299细胞中WT1蛋白的表达,CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8)法检测细胞的增殖情况.结果:非小细胞肺癌组织中WT1 mRNA的表达水平高于相应的癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).重组质粒pLV-GFP-WT1成功构建,并将其成功转染至H1299细胞中;转染后的H1299细胞中,WT1蛋白的表达水平上调;在pLV-GFP-WT1转染后24、36和48 h时,过表达WT1的H1299细胞增殖率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:WT1 mRNA在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达水平明显高于相应癌旁组织,高表达WT1基因能促进非小细胞肺癌H1299细胞的增殖,提示WT1在非小细胞肺癌中扮演癌基因的角色.     

Urokinase plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 in nonsmall-cell lung cancer: relation to prognosis and angiogenesis

BACKGROUND: Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) have previously been suggested as prognostic markers in nonsmall-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). We investigate whether uPA and PAI-1 are prognostic markers in NSCLC and whether they are related to angiogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Frozen tumour tissue from surgical specimens from 118 previously untreated patients diagnosed with NSCLC in the period 1984-1991 were investigated. All patients were treated with surgery, and no chemo- or radiotherapy was given. UPA and PAI-1 levels were assessed using a sandwich ELISA method. RESULTS: Both uPA and PAI-1 were independent of classical histopathological parameters as well as of microvessel density and vascular pattern. Using death within the first 5 years as endpoint, neither of the factors were prognostic markers in univariate analysis, however, significantly higher levels of uPA and PAI-1 were seen in tumours with an angiogenic vascular pattern. In multivariate analysis, high disease stage (P<0.0001), adenocarcinoma (P=0.007), old age (P=0.02), and presence of an angiogenic pattern (P=0.05) were identified as independent markers of death within 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: The present study investigated the prognostic role of the protein levels of uPA and PAI-1 in 118 tumour specimens from patients diagnosed with NSCLC. Neither of the factors were identified as prognostic markers when evaluated with survival as endpoint. However, in tumours previously identified as non-angiogenic we found significantly lower contents of both uPA and PAI-1 as compared to angiogenic tumours, thus we hypothesize that uPA and PAI-1 stimulate angiogenesis in NSCLC.     

Endothelin-1 is increased in the breath condensate of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer

One recent line of cancer research is currently directed to the study of growth factors. Of increasing interest is endothelin-1 (ET-1), a mitogenic factor already investigated in several human cancer cell lines, which has been found to participate in the development and progression of tumours. This peptide has an important role also in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) where ET-1 expression has been found in 100% of cell lines. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to measure ET-1 concentrations in the airways of patients with NSCLC using a completely non-invasive procedure--the breath condensate--and to verify the involvement of this peptide in the growth of lung tumours. METHODS: We enrolled 30 patients (17 men, median age 63 years; range 53-74) with histological evidence of NSCLC and 15 healthy controls (9 men, median age 59 years; range 52-70). ET-1 was measured in the exhaled breath condensate by means of a specific enzyme immunoassay kit. RESULTS: Higher concentrations of exhaled ET-1 were found in NSCLC patients (8.3 +/- 0.7 pg/ml) compared to controls (5.2 +/- 0.5 pg/ml, p < 0.0001). A statistically significant difference was observed between patients with distant metastases (stage IV) of NSCLC (8.9 +/- 0.6 pg/ml) and those with locoregional disease (stage I-III) (7.9 +/- 0.5 pg/ml). A significant reduction in ET-1 levels was found in 14 patients after surgical removal of the tumour either associated with or without adjuvant chemotherapy (6.3 +/- 0.5 vs. 7.9 +/- 0.4 pg/ml, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the measurement of ET-1 in the breath condensate of patients with NSCLC could be proposed as a marker for early detection of NSCLC as well as for monitoring reduction or progression of the neoplasm in the follow-up of treated patients.     

The circulating urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its soluble receptor (suPAR) are not up-regulated by the circulating P105 fraction of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene: in vivo evidence from patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

It has been suggested that uPA in cancer cells is up regulated by the p 185 kD form of the HER-2/neu oncogene. We elected to see if the extra cellular domain of HER-2/neu, the p 105 fraction, which is found in the circulation, has any regulatory influence on uPA or uPAR in those patients with NSCLC Levels of uPA, uPAR and p 105 HER-2/neu were determined in blood from age-matched controls and patients with advanced NSCLC. In the patients with NSCLC, samples were obtained before and following treatment. A large increase in both uPA and uPAR compared to controls was seen in the patients prior to treatment. The uPAR level post-treatment decreased from pre-treatment values, which is favorable. There was a significant increase in uPA and a decrease in HER-2/neu in the post-treatment time frame. Additionally, correlation analysis of circulating uPAR, uPA and HER-2/neu against each other in both the controls and treatment groups indicated no relationship. It appears that circulating uPA and uPAR are elevated in NSCLC patients. The up-regulation of uPA by HER-2/neu seen in lung cancer cells in vitro is apparently lost in the blood in vivo as is evidenced by the lack of correlation between them which is also true for the receptor as well.     

Small cell lung carcinoma exhibits greater phospholipase C-beta1 expression and edelfosine resistance compared with non-small cell lung carcinoma

Aberrant signal transduction pathways involved in the development of metastatic disease are poorly defined in both small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Neuropeptide-driven positive feedback loops stimulating cell proliferation are characteristic of SCLC. The activation of phospholipase C (PLC)-beta1 is an early and common response to stimulation of G protein-coupled receptors by these neuroendocrine growth factors. The importance of PLC-beta in neuropeptide signaling prompted us to compare PLC-beta isoform expression and activity in four independent SCLC cell lines and four independent NSCLC cell lines. We found that PLC-beta1 is more highly expressed in SCLC than in NSCLC, as indicated by Western blotting of cell lysates. All SCLC lines studied express PLC-beta1; only one of the NSCLC lines investigated showed detectable levels of the enzyme. NSCLC lines are significantly more sensitive to the antiproliferative effects of ET-18-OCH3 (edelfosine) compared with the SCLC lines, as indicated by [3H]thymidine uptake. The only SCLC cell line (NCI-H345) that is as sensitive as the NSCLC cell lines to ET-18-OCH3 also expresses uniquely low levels of PLC-beta1. The participation of PLC-beta1 in signaling by SCLC growth factor receptors is indicated by our finding that PLC-beta1 (but not PLC-beta3) coimnunoprecipitates with G(alpha)q/11 upon activation of neurotensin receptors; this association is inhibited by ET-18-OCH3. Ca2+ mobilization mediated by neurotensin receptors is also inhibited by ET-18-OCH3. The binding of GTPgammaS to G(alpha)q/11 upon treatment of SCLC cells with neurotensin is not inhibited by ET-18-OCH3. These findings indicate that ET-18-OCH3 does not interfere with G(alpha)q/11 activation but rather inhibits the association of G(alpha)q/11 with PLC-beta1. Our data suggest that PLC-beta is an important mediator of both SCLC and NSCLC proliferation. Differences in PLC-beta1 expression may be exploitable in the development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic tools.     

人非小细胞肺癌组织中survivin,caspase-3及P21WAF1的表达意义

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中survivin,caspase-3和p21WAF1的蛋白表达与临床病理指标的关系以及survivin与caspase-3和p21WAF1蛋白表达之间的关系.方法在57例NSCLC原发灶中应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测survivin,caspase-3和p21WAF1蛋白的表达.结果在57例NSCLC原发灶中survivin,caspase-3和p21WAF1 3种蛋白表达阳性率分别为71.93%,66.67%,49.12%.它们均与组织学类型无关(P＞0.05),而与淋巴结转移均有显著性相关(P＜0.05);survivin,caspase-3蛋白的表达与肿瘤细胞分化程度无关(P＞0.05),但p21WAF1与肿瘤细胞分化程度显著相关(P=0.018).57例NSCLC中,survivin的表达与caspase-3,p21WAF1均呈显著负相关(P=0.001及P=0.000).结论survivin,caspase-3和p21WAF1均与NSCLC的浸润进展显著相关.survivin可能直接作用于caspase-3,阻断了细胞的凋亡过程,或通过抑制p21WAF1的表达而缩短了细胞周期,从而促进了NSCLC的癌细胞不断增生.     

利用组织微阵列研究RASSF1A和Survivin基因在非小细胞肺癌中的表达

目的探讨RASSF1A和Survivin基因的蛋白表达与非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）临床病理特征的关系及其临床意义。方法免疫组织化学法检测RASSF1A和Survivin在NSCLC组织微阵列中的蛋白表达。结果RASSF1A蛋白在NSCLC中的阳性率（46．8％〉显著低于正常肺组织（92．9％）（P〈0．001），但Survivin阳性率（75．8％）显著高于正常肺组织（0）（P〈0．001）；RASSF1A蛋白在临床Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期NSCLC中分别显著高于临床Ⅲ期（P〈0．001，P〈0．001），Survivin在临床I期和临床Ⅱ期NSCLC中的阳性率显著低于临床Ⅲ期者（P=0．003，P=0．001），淋巴结转移性NSCLC的RASSF1A阳性率显著低于无淋巴结转移者（P〈0．05）；RASSF1sA和Survivin蛋白在NSCLC中的表达呈负相关（r=-0．780，P〈0．001）。结论RASSFlA蛋白表达下调、Survivin蛋白高表达及其两者的表达失平衡在NSCLC的发生、发展中可能具有重要作用，RASSF1和Survivin有望成为评估肺癌淋巴结转移和预后预测的重要分子标志。     

非小细胞肺癌淋巴结转移相关因素的研究

目的：检测尿激酶纤溶酶原激活物（uPA）、尿激酶纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂（PAI-1）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和微m管密度（MVD）在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织中的表达以及与淋巴结转移的关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学方法联合检测52例NSCLC组织中uPA、PAI—1、VEGF和MVD的表达水平。结果：uPA、PAI—1、VEGF和MVD在NSCLC中的表达显著高于正常肺组织，影响淋巴结转移的相关因素是TNM分期（P〈0．001）、肿瘤侵犯程度（P=0．034）、uPA表达（P=0．048）、VEGF表达（P=0．047）。多因素分析表明VEGF高表达是淋巴结转移的独立影响因素（P=0．043）。结论：uPA、VEGF高表达与NSCLC的淋巴结转移密切相关，促进了肿瘤转移。     

人非小细胞肺癌组织中Survivin的表达及与caspase-3和p21WAF1表达的意义

目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌(nonsmallcelllungcancer,NSCLC)组织中survivin、caspase3和p21WAF1的蛋白表达与临床病理指标的关系及survivin与caspase3和p21WAF1蛋白表达之间的关系。方法:在87例NSCLC原发灶中应用免疫组织化学SP法检测survivin、caspase3和p21WAF1蛋白的表达。结果:在87例NSCLC原发灶中survivin、caspase3和p21WAF13种蛋白表达阳性率分别为71.26%、64.37%和48.28%。它们均与组织学类型无关,P>0.05,而与淋巴结转移均显著相关,P<0.05;survivin和caspase3的蛋白表达与肿瘤细胞分化程度无关,P>0.05,但p21WAF1与肿瘤细胞分化程度显著相关,P=0.003。在87例NSCLC中,survivin的表达与caspase3(P=0.001)和p21WAF1均呈显著负相关,P=0.000。结论:Survivin、caspase3和p21WAF1均与NSCLC的浸润进展显著相关。Survivin可能直接作用于caspase3阻断了细胞的凋亡过程,或通过抑制p21WAF1的表达而缩短了细胞周期,从而促进了NSCLC的癌细胞不断增殖。