CpG脱氧寡核苷酸对抗原致敏性小鼠气道反应的影响

目的：探讨以非甲基化胞嘧啶－鸟嘌呤（CpG)脱氧寡核苷酸（ODN）治疗支气管哮喘的免疫抑制作用。方法：以卵白蛋白（OVA）免疫C57BL／6小鼠建立支气管哮喘模型,致敏阶段腹腔注射CpG oDN,以不含CpG序列的ODN及生理盐水作对照,观察应用CpG ODN对支气管哮喘形成,气道过敏性免疫反应的影响,结果：应用CpG ODN组与对照组相比：（1）明显抑制抗原激发后气道内嗜酸粒细胞的浸润（P＜0．01）;（2）明显抑制肺内IL－4,IL－5产生,增加IL－12,IFN－γ的产生;（3）明显抑制抗原诱导的气道反应性的增高;（4）明显抑制外周血总IgE及抗原特异性IgE的水平。结论：致敏阶段应用CpG ODN对抗原诱导的气道过敏反应有明显的抑制作用,可阻断支气管哮喘的形成,这种抑制作用与IL－12,IFN－γ的产生增加相关。     

干扰素-γ对小鼠哮喘模型气道炎症和肺T淋巴细胞及血浆IgE的影响

[目的]探讨干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)对支气管哮喘(哮喘)小鼠气道炎症及肺T淋巴细胞和血浆中IgE的影响。[方法]C57BL／6小鼠随机分为正常对照组(A组,10只)、哮喘模型组(B组,10只)、IFN-γ注射组(C组,10只)。采用卵蛋白(OVA)和氢氧化铝致敏、雾化建立哮喘模型,B组、C组分别在致敏同时第1、3、5、9、15、17、20 d,1次／d腹腔注射生理盐水(0.1 m1)和IFN-γ(1 500U)。第22 d收取肺泡灌洗液(BALF)并取其肺T淋巴细胞体外培养及血浆中IgE。分析小鼠BALF和肺部淋巴细胞产生的细胞因子IL-4、IL-5及血浆中IgE水平的变化。[结果]A组无症状,B组哮喘鼠症状重,C组哮喘鼠症状轻。在BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞百分比(EOS％)计数A组0,B组20.1±7.0,C组0.7±0.2。哮喘模型组肺T淋巴细胞中IL-4、IL-5,血浆中IgE显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01),治疗组肺T淋巴细胞中IL-4、IL-5,血浆中IgE显著低于哮喘模型组(P<0.01)。[结论]IFN-γ可以抑制哮喘小鼠气道炎症,其机制之一可能与是抑制肺T淋巴细胞产生的IL-4、IL-5,降低血清中总IgE水平有关。     

T-bet重组腺病毒调节哮喘小鼠辅助性T细胞1型/2型免疫平衡

目的研究静脉注射T-bet重组腺病毒(AdT-bet)对小鼠哮喘模型过敏性气道炎症及辅助性T细胞1型/2型(Th1/Th2)免疫失衡的影响。方法随机将36只C57BL/6小鼠分为AdT-bet治疗(A)组、模型对照(B)组、正常对照(C)组。以卵蛋白、氢氧化铝免疫建立哮喘模型,A组激发前尾静脉注射1×10~8 pfu/100μL的AdT-bet,各组激发后进行肺泡灌洗分析细胞组分,分离肺T淋巴细胞测定细胞因子分泌水平,以流式细胞仪检测CD3~ 、CD4~ T细胞比例及表达γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)和白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-5的比例,比较各组肺组织学改变。结果A组与B组相比:①明显抑制抗原激发后气道内嗜酸性粒细胞的浸润(0.004±0.003比0.221±0.067,P<0.01);②明显抑制肺T淋巴细胞产生IL-4[(22±12)pg/mL比(170±28)pg/mL]、IL-5[(16±13)pg/mL比(330±30)pg/mL],增加了IFN-γ[(2100±360)pg/mL比(60±50)pg/mL]的产生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);③肺T淋巴细胞CD4~ IFN-γ%及IFN-γ~ /IL-4~ 明显升高(P值均<0.01),而CD4~ IL-4~ %明显下降(P<0.01);④明显抑制哮喘鼠气道内及肺泡内的过敏性炎症反应。结论激发前静脉应用AdT-bet对哮喘小鼠过敏性气道炎症有明显的防治作用,其机制可能与表达的T-bet上调Th1/Th2比值,从而调整了免疫平衡有关。     

不同剂量致敏原对小鼠过敏性哮喘模型的影响

目的:研究不同剂量致敏原对小鼠过敏性哮喘模型的影响.方法:用不同剂量的鸡卵蛋白(OVA)致敏激发BALB/c小鼠,复制哮喘模型,观察支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中白细胞总数、嗜酸粒细胞百分比,ELISA检测血清中OVA特异性抗体IgE、IgG2a和脾单核细胞培养上清中IL-4、IL-5、IL-12、IFN-γ的含量变化,常规病理切片观察肺内炎症情况.结果:10 μg组肺部炎症情况最明显,BALF白细胞总数(×105/ml)、嗜酸粒细胞百分比(％)、OVA特异性抗体IgE(U/ml)分别为(13.05±2.07,75.1±8.9和256.16±2.58),与0 μg组(2.78±0.21,0.5±0.5,3.16±0.75)、100 μg组(8.69±1.61,64.2±9.1,133.74±2.11)、1 000 μg组(4.17±0.36, 12.4±3.4, 32.07±1.96)相比差异性显著,且IL-4、IL-5升高以10 μg组明显,高剂量1 000 μg组IL-12、IFN-γ、IgG2a升高明显.结论:致敏原的剂量可能通过影响细胞因子的产生类型而影响小鼠哮喘模型表型的变化.     

鼻内滴入卵白蛋白诱导大鼠免疫耐受模型的建立

目的 应用鼻内滴入卵白蛋白（OVA）法建立大鼠免疫耐受模型。方法 OVA免疫耐受组连续3d鼻内滴入卵白蛋白。继之致敏和激发；哮喘组直接致敏和激发。于末次激发24h后收集支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF），计数细胞总数并分类；应用ELISA检测上清中IL-4、IL-5和IFN-γ的含量；采集血清并用ELISA法检测OVA特异性IgE含量；应用HE染色行肺组织病理学检查。结果 鼻内滴入OVA后大鼠BALF中细胞总数及嗜酸性粒细胞（Eos）、淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞百分率明显减少，血清中OVA特异性IgE含量及BALF上清中IL-4和IL-5的含量明显降低，IFN-γ的含量明显升高，肺组织中细支气管周围炎症细胞浸润和黏液的过度分泌明显减轻。结论 鼻内滴入OVA可以成功建立大鼠免疫耐受模型。     

百日咳蛋白对小鼠过敏性哮喘模型的免疫调节作用

目的：观察百日咳杆菌蛋白对致敏小鼠气道炎症、气道高反应性以及IFN-γ／IL-4平衡的调节作用。方法：致敏小鼠，卵白蛋白反复攻击后静脉注射乙酰甲胆碱（Mch），测定气道反应性；收集支气管肺灌洗液（BALF），检测炎症细胞及IL-4、IFN—γ水平，进行肺组织病理学检查。结果：肌注或滴鼻给予百日咳杆菌蛋白，能抑制致敏小鼠肺阻力及肺动态顺应性变化，上调肺泡灌洗液中IFN-γ／IL-4比例，降低嗜酸性粒细胞聚集，并且作用呈现剂量依赖性。病理学检查显示，百日咳杆菌蛋白能够有效抑制致敏小鼠气道上皮杯状细胞增生及肺组织中炎症细胞浸润。结论：百日咳杆菌蛋白能有效抑制过敏性哮喘小鼠肺部炎症、改善肺功能，对防治哮喘具有潜在的应用前景。     

γ-干扰素转基因对过敏原导致的小鼠肺嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的抑制作用

目的 :探讨腺病毒介导的小鼠γ 干扰素在小鼠哮喘模型肺上皮细胞内的转基因表达对过敏原所致的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的作用。方法 :C5 7小鼠经卵蛋白 (ovalbumin ,OVA)腹腔致敏和气道吸入激发建立哮喘模型 ,48h后收获小鼠肺泡灌洗液 (bronchoalveolarlavage ,BAL)和小鼠肺 ;哮喘模型在OVA激发前 48h ,在其气道内给予带有γ 干扰素的复制缺陷腺病毒 (replication deficientadenoviruswithIFN γgene,AdCMVmIFNγ) 5× 10 8空斑形成单位 (pfu) ,同上在OVA激发 48h后收获其肺泡灌洗液和肺。结果 :在卵蛋白所致的哮喘模型中 ,肺组织病理可见支气管周围、血管周围及部分肺泡内明显的嗜酸粒细胞浸润 ,肺泡灌洗液中的嗜酸粒细胞平均占 (75 .13±6 .85 ) % ,而在阴性对照组中则未见嗜酸粒细胞 ;小鼠哮喘模型气道内给予AdCMVmIFNγ后 ,肺内嗜酸粒细胞浸润的程度明显减少 ,肺泡灌洗液中的嗜酸粒细胞占 (9.0 0± 4.5 8) % (P <0 .0 0 1) ,二者均显著低于哮喘模型组。结论 :小鼠的IFN γ经腺病毒介导在小鼠肺上皮细胞内的表达可明显抑制过敏原所致的肺内嗜酸性粒细胞浸润 ,从而为进一步利用细胞因子的体内转基因免疫治疗过敏性哮喘探索了新的治疗途径     

胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素受体剔降的未成熟树突状细胞调节哮喘小鼠Th1/Th2失衡的研究

目的树突细胞疫苗是治疗哮喘的新途径,文中探讨经鼻滴注基质淋巴细胞生成素（thymic stromal lymphopoetin,TSLP）受体剔降的未成熟树突状细胞（immature dendritic cell,imDC）对哮喘模型小鼠过敏性气道炎症及Th1/Th2免疫失衡的影响,为免疫调节治疗哮喘提供理论和实验基础。方法36只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为胸腺TSLP受体剔降的imDC治疗组（A组）、imDC治疗组（B组）和哮喘组（C组）。以卵蛋白（ovalbumin,OVA）、氢氧化铝免疫建立哮喘模型,A组和B组分别于激发前气道内滴注100μl的细胞悬液,分别含有1&#215;106TSLPR剔降的imDC、imDC,C组气道内滴注100μl的PBS;各组激发后肺泡灌洗分析细胞组份,分离肺淋巴细胞测定细胞因子分泌水平,以流式细胞仪检测CD4＋干扰素-γ（interferonγ,IFN-γ）＋、CD4＋白细胞介素-4（interleukin-4,IL-4）＋百分比及IFN-γ＋/IL-4＋比值,比较各组肺组织学改变。结果TSLP受体剔降的imDC治疗组与其他组比较：①可明显抑制OVA抗原激发后气道内嗜酸性粒细胞的浸润（P〈0.01）;②明显抑制肺淋巴细胞产生IL-4、IL-5,增加了IFN-γ的产生;③肺淋巴细胞CD4＋IFN-γ＋百分比及IFN-γ＋/IL-4＋明显升高（P〈0.01）,而CD4＋IL-4＋百分比则明显下降（P〈0.01）;④明显抑制哮喘鼠气道内及肺泡内的过敏性炎症反应。结论激发前经鼻滴注TSLP受体剔降的imDC对哮喘小鼠过敏性气道炎症有明显的防治作用,其机制可能与抑制树突细胞TSLP-TSLP受体信号通路,调整Thl/Th2失衡有关。     

辛夷复方口服液对过敏性哮喘豚鼠气道嗜酸性粒细胞及外周血淋巴细胞凋亡的影响

目的观察辛夷复方口服液对过敏性哮喘豚鼠气道嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)及外周血淋巴细胞凋亡的影响。方法从细胞水平探讨辛夷口服液对卵蛋白(OA)致敏的豚鼠过敏性哮喘的作用机理。结果辛夷复方口服液能抑制卵蛋白所致豚鼠哮喘模型气道内EOS的浸润(P<0.05),提高致敏豚鼠淋巴细胞凋亡率(P<0.05)。结论辛夷复方口服液的平喘作用与抑制炎症细胞浸润、控制气道炎症、增加淋巴细胞凋亡、调节机体免疫有关。      

肺炎链球菌3型多糖对支气管哮喘小鼠气道炎症及Treg/Th17细胞的影响

目的观察肺炎链球菌3型多糖(T3P)对支气管哮喘小鼠气道炎症以及Treg/Th17细胞的影响,探讨T3P对哮喘小鼠的免疫调节作用。方法 BALB/c小鼠随机分成对照组、哮喘组和T3P组,每组8只。哮喘组以卵清蛋白(OVA)致敏、气道激发建立哮喘模型,对照组以PBS代替,T3P组在OVA致敏前皮下注射T3P进行干预。观察小鼠肺组织病理改变,对支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)进行细胞计数及分类,ELISA法检测血清OVA特异性IgE(OVA-IgE)以及BALF中白介素4(IL-4)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、IL-10、IL-17浓度,实时荧光定量PCR法检测肺组织中转录因子Foxp3和RORγt mRNA表达水平,流式细胞术检测Treg和Th17细胞占CD4~+细胞百分比。结果 T3P组小鼠肺组织炎症反应程度弱于哮喘组,血清OVA-IgE,BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸粒细胞比例以及IL-4、IL-17浓度均低于哮喘组(P<0.05),IFN-γ、IL-10浓度高于哮喘组(P<0.05),小鼠肺组织Foxp3 mRNA表达水平及Treg占CD4~+细胞百分比均高于哮喘组(P<0.05),RORγt mRNA表达水平和Th17细胞占CD4~+细胞百分比均低于哮喘组(P<0.05)。哮喘组和T3P组小鼠肺组织Foxp3-mRNA/RORγt-mRNA比值及Treg/Th17细胞比例与BALF中嗜酸粒细胞数量呈负相关。结论 T3P可以通过抑制过敏原特异性IgE表达调节Th1/Th2、Treg/Th17细胞平衡,抑制气道炎症。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.