EBM气溶胶灭火剂产物的潮解研究

EBM气溶胶灭火剂是一种新型高效灭火剂,其灭火效率高于哈龙类灭火剂。燃烧反应产生的白色烟雾对火灾具有抑制作用。白色烟雾中含有固体颗粒物质,这些颗粒物降落形成的残留物潮解后对金属材料及线路板等有腐蚀性。对气溶胶灭火剂颗粒物潮解进行研究,研究结果表明:空气的相对湿度是影响气溶胶颗粒物潮解的主要因素。     

EBM气溶胶灭火剂吸湿性的研究

烟火型气溶胶发生剂EBM是一种新型高效气溶胶灭火剂，其灭火效率高于哈龙类灭火剂。气溶胶生成物中固体微粒含量很高。吸湿后的固体微粒会对金属材料及线路板等有腐蚀性，影响保护物的正常使用。本文研究了温度和空气相对湿度对气溶胶生成物吸湿性的影响。     

灭火气溶胶发生剂灭火机理及配方设计

通过研究烟雾灭火剂与干粉灭火剂，探讨了灭火气溶胶发生剂的主要组分的选择原则,论述了灭火气溶胶发生剂的灭火机理,并由正交试验确定了发生剂的基本配方,试验证明灭火效果符合要求。     

气溶胶灭火剂专利技术分析

火灾给人民的生命和财产安全带来巨大风险,气溶胶灭火剂作为一种环保、高效的灭火剂,对其进行开发和研究具有重要的意义。本文对国内外气溶胶灭火剂技术的专利申请趋势、申请人分布、研究方向作了分析,总结并预测了气溶胶灭火剂的发展热点和趋势。     

气溶胶灭火剂

本文对气溶胶灭火剂的组成配方和性能进行了介绍,讨论了气溶胶灭火剂的灭火原理,并提出了气溶胶灭火剂的应用范围及其在应用中存在的问题和解决的办法。     

冷热气溶胶灭火剂的性能研究与比较

作为一种环保型高效的灭火剂,气溶胶灭火剂越来越受到重视。综述气溶胶灭火剂的类型、灭火机理、使用效果,分析了冷热气溶胶灭火产品的性能和原理,并展望了气溶胶灭火剂的发展前景。     

热气溶胶灭火剂配方的研究进展

不像传统的惰性气体、泡沫、水雾和哈龙灭火剂,热气溶胶灭火剂不需要高压气体来驱动,并且能在较低灭火浓度(30~200 g/m~3)下灭火。相比于基于钾盐的第一代和第二代热气溶胶灭火技术,第三代极大解决电器设备和电子的腐蚀问题。对第二代和第三代热气溶胶灭火剂的配方进展进行综述。并指出,灭火效率、燃烧温度和燃烧稳定性是未来热气溶胶灭火剂配方研究要关注和予以解决的问题。     

配方组成对气溶胶灭火剂燃速的影响规律研究

气溶胶灭火剂作为哈龙替代品，以其优良的性能近年来得到了广泛的应用。本文针对不同组成的气溶胶灭火剂，通过一系列的燃速测量实验，考察各组分对燃速的影响规律。     

种子气溶胶对甲苯光氧化生成二次有机气溶胶的生长影响

在烟雾腔内进行了羟基自由基启动的甲苯光氧化生成二次有机气溶胶的实验.通过向烟雾腔内添加硫酸铵、硝酸铵、硅酸钠和氯化钙4种不同的种子气溶胶,考察它们对二次有机气溶胶形成的影响.结果表明:种子气溶胶的浓度越低,越有利于二次有机气溶胶的生成;在反应开始阶段,种子气溶胶对二次有机气溶胶的形成起促进作用,随着反应时间的增长,反而起阻止作用:在相同的种子气溶胶浓度下,硅酸钠和硝酸铵对二次有机气溶胶的形成的影响几乎相同;4种种子气溶胶对甲苯氧化生成的二次有机气溶胶的生长影响顺序为:氯化钙》硝酸铵、硅酸钠》硫酸铵.     

常用灭火剂灭火性能及原理

详细介绍了气体灭火剂、泡沫灭火剂、干粉灭火剂和气溶胶灭火剂等多种常用灭火剂的性能及灭火原理,并对其适用条件进行了说明。     

常用灭火剂灭火性能及原理

详细介绍了气体灭火剂、泡沫灭火剂、干粉灭火剂和气溶胶灭火剂等多种常用灭火剂的性能及灭火原理,并对其适用条件进行了说明。     

热、冷气溶胶灭火技术在汽车固定式灭火装置上的应用

简单介绍了气溶胶灭火剂的灭火机理、分类及应用现状,分析了汽车火灾的原因,着重探讨了两种新型汽车用固定式灭火装置即热气溶胶灭火装置与超细干粉灭火装置之间制备、性能等方面的区别,展望了热气溶胶产品在汽车火灾方面的应用前景.     

Improving the performance of fluoroprotein foam in extinguishing gasoline pool fires with addition of bromofluoropropene

The fluoroprotein foam is one of the most widely used fire suppressants for its low cost, low toxicity and biodegradability. However, its fire extinguishing performance is limited. In this article, fluoroprotein foam was combined with a clean and degradable fire suppressant of 2‐bromo‐3,3,3‐trifluoropropene (BTP) to improve its fire extinguishing efficiency. Laboratory scale suppression experiments on gasoline pool fires were conducted in a 27 m³ confined space. An optimized volume flow ratio of air to foam solution was found out first to acquire fluoroprotein foam with best fire extinguishing efficiency; then varied amounts of BTP were added to the foam at the optimal flow ratio for performance examination. Results demonstrated: at the optimized volume flow ratio of air to foam solution of 9 and the volume flow ratio of BTP to foam solution of 3.75%, a superior fire extinguishing performance was achieved with the fire extinguishing time reduced by 43% in comparison to that without any BTP added. The fire suppression mechanism of the foam with BTP additive was discussed based on established fire suppression theories and experimental results. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An efficient methodology for evaluating the nozzle performance of water-based automatic fire extinguishers

The performance of automatic fire extinguishers (AFE) was tested using a novel nozzle distribution test in relation to a point of visual approach. The visual nozzle distribution data was obtained from the mapping of the amount of the collected fire extinguishing agent to each position and the gradient was given in accordance with the visually collected amount. The results showed that the effective discharge time was determined by the nozzle structure and its size. The visual nozzle distribution test (VNDT) provided relevant information regarding the performance efficiency of AFE, including the nozzle coverage area, the effective amount of the fire extinguishing agent and the distribution uniformity of fire extinguishing agents, and calculations for the proper amount of a fire extinguishing agent to extinguish a fire. Consequently, the results indicate the VNDT is an excellent method for analyzing the performance efficiency of AFE.     

添加剂降低气溶胶发生剂火焰温度的研究

研究了两种添加剂对一种气溶胶发生剂（EBM灭火剂）的火焰温度的影响,发现这两种添加剂具有明显降低气溶胶发生剂燃烧火焰温度的作用,当两种添加剂同时使用时,改性样品具有更加优良的综合性能。     

Studies of fundamental physical–chemical mechanisms and processes of flame extinguishing by powder aerosols

Theoretical and experimental studies on mechanisms of interaction of the fire‐extinguishing aerosol with flame are carried out. The factors of heterogeneous inhibition of flame free radicals (O, OH, H, CH_x) on a crystal surface of inorganic salts being the basic components of fire‐extinguishing powders and aerosols are measured using laboratory equipment. The semi‐empirical calculations by methods of quantum chemistry for heterogeneous and homogeneous inhibition reactions of burning are executed. The thermal mechanism for fire extinguishing is evaluated. The universal mechanism of influence on flame of a crystal surface of a fire‐extinguishing powder particle is offered. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

哈龙替代型含氟灭火剂灭火过程中HF生成及灭火机理研究进展

三氟甲烷(CHF3)、五氟乙烷(C2HF5)、六氟丙烷(C3H2F6)和七氟丙烷(C3HF7)四种典型的氢氟烃(HFCs)是目前常用的哈龙替代型灭火剂,具有灭火高效、性能可靠且无残留的特性. 4种典型含氟灭火剂在灭火过程中会产生有毒气体HF,热分解过程中产生的含氟自由基与火焰中的O, H, OH等燃烧自由基反应,导致燃烧过程中化学链式反应中断.缩短达到灭火浓度所用时间、减少灭火剂与火焰作用时间和加入抑制剂或添加剂可降低有毒气体HF生成量. 未来应进一步借助全尺度实验和理论计算,深入研究HFCs类灭火剂在不同使用条件下的灭火机理,获取HFCs灭火剂灭火浓度、灭火毒性、腐蚀性及相容性等实际数据,为提高其灭火性能、降低灭火过程中有毒气体的生成、拓宽使用领域和开发性能更优异的HFCs类灭火剂奠定一定的理论和应用基础.     

A novel hot aerosol extinguishing agent with high efficiency for Class B fires

A novel hot aerosol extinguishing agent (HAEA), which is the combination of pyrotechnics and flame retardant technology, was found to have great efficiency in extinguishing Class B fires. A mixture of P and P₃N₅, referred to as P90x, was chosen as the reductant, and phase stabilized ammonium nitrate was chosen as the oxidant. This paper describes a study of the effectiveness of this agent in extinguishing n‐heptane fires (ie, Class B fires). We determined that the best efficiency was 15 g/m³ for extinguishing n‐heptane fires, four times more efficient than a traditional agent. The efficiency increases as the mass fraction of P90x rises. We also identified the key difference between the novel extinguishing agent and the traditional agent. The former consists of an inorganic phosphorus compound, while the latter is mainly comprised of KOH. Consequently, their extinguishing mechanisms are different. The phosphorus oxide of the novel HAEAs is the leading component to extinguish fire, which is more effective than alkali salts.     

Study on the relationship between the particle size distribution and the effectiveness of the K‐powder fire extinguishing agent

The relationship between the particle size distribution and the extinguishing effectiveness of the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent has been studied experimentally, to explore the reason of the great extinguishing efficiency exhibited by the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent on Class B fire (liquid fuel fire). The results of the experiment showed that the extinguishing effectiveness increased along with the decrease of the particle size distribution. In addition, a sharp discontinuity appeared around the limiting size, about 40 μm. The powder with the particle size below 40 μm exhibited highly effective extinguishing with the minimum effective extinguishing concentration C_xr = 23 g·m^?3, while the powder with the particle size above 40 μm exhibited little fire extinguishing efficiency. Compared with other fire extinguishing agents produced by different substances, the new K‐powder fire extinguishing has the bigger limiting size. That means, in the same particle size distribution, the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent contains more highly effective powder than others contain, and is more effective.