利用超高效液相色谱和离子色谱法测定注射用磷酸川芎嗪的含量

目的:建立超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)和离子色谱法(IC)测定磷酸川芎嗪中川芎嗪和磷酸的含量,为质量评价提供依据。方法:UPLC测定川芎嗪的色谱柱为Waters Acquity BEH C18 (2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm);检测波长:300 nm检测川芎嗪,274 nm检测有关物质邻苯二甲酸二甲酯;流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液(A)-0.1%甲酸乙腈(B),梯度洗脱(0.0～0.8 min,10%B→90%B;0.8～0.81 min,90%B→10%B;0.81～1.00 min,10%B),流速:0.7 m L/min。IC测定磷酸的离子交换色谱柱为Dionex IonPac AS11-HC-4μm (4×250 mm),流动相为30 mmol/L KOH溶液等度洗脱15 min,流速1.0 m L/min,柱温35℃;电导检测器;抑制器电流为50 m A。结果:川芎嗪和磷酸在10～100 g/m L内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均为1.0,UPLC法测定川芎嗪的回收率为102.0%。IC测定磷酸的回收率为99.8%。7个公司生产的注射剂中川芎嗪的含量均在药典规定的范围90%～110%内。但是其中3个公司生产的注射剂磷酸超出药典规定范围90%～110%。结论:与常规HPLC/UPLC测定磷酸川芎嗪含量方法比较,本文所用方法测定结果更加准确、全面、且重复性好,能够真实反应注射用磷酸川芎嗪的实际含量,对于注射用磷酸川芎嗪的安全性和有效性评估提供了一定的依据。     

暗褐网柄牛肝菌尿苷和麦角甾醇含量测定及 指纹图谱分析

采用HPLC测定暗褐网柄牛肝菌(Phlebopus portentosus)中尿苷和麦角甾醇含量并建立其指纹图谱。结果表明,最佳分析条件为Waters HSST3色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水(A)-甲醇(B),梯度洗脱(0～5 min,0%B; 5～15 min,0→4%B; 15～45 min,4%→100%B; 45～60 min,100%B),流速1 mL/min,检测波长260 nm,柱温30℃,进样量0. 5μL。尿苷和麦角甾醇分别在质量浓度0. 003 4～0.34 mg/mL和0. 060 5～1. 21 mg/mL时线性关系良好;平均加样回收率分别为98. 31%(RSD 2. 98%)和102. 72%(RSD 2.84%)。含量测定结果显示,10批样品尿苷和麦角甾醇的含量范围分别为0～2.00 mg/g和3.38～9. 10 mg/g。建立了10批暗褐网柄牛肝菌的共有峰模式,标记了6个共有峰,10批样品的指纹图谱相似度均0.95。方法学考察结果表明本实验建立的HPLC含量测定和指纹图谱分析方法准确可靠,可用于暗褐网柄牛肝菌的质量评价。     

HPLC法测定牙膏中柚皮苷的含量

建立了高效液相色谱测定牙膏中柚皮苷含量的方法。采用的色谱条件:Hypersil BDS C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);柱温为40℃;以水(A相)和乙腈(B相),梯度洗脱程序为:0～15 min,10%～100%B;流速为1.0 mL/min;检测波长为283 nm;进样量为20μL。结果表明,柚皮苷的质量浓度在14.55～116.40μg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),平均加标回收率为97.56%。该方法稳定、准确,重现性好,可作为牙膏中柚皮苷的含量测定和质量控制方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定罗汉果根中两个降三萜配糖体

建立了高效液相色谱测定罗汉果根中两个结构新颖的降三萜糖苷,罗汉果酸苷乙Ⅱ(Siraitic acidⅡB)和罗汉果酸苷甲Ⅱ(Siraitic acidⅡA)含量的方法。色谱条件:色谱柱:ZORBAX SB-C18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm);柱温:25℃;流动相:乙腈-水(梯度洗脱:0→4min:35%乙腈;4→16min:35%→45%乙腈);流速:0.5mL/min;检测波长:230nm;进样量:10μL。结果表明,罗汉果酸苷乙Ⅱ在0.05～0.3mg/mL,罗汉果酸苷甲Ⅱ在0.05～0.25mg/mL之间线性关系良好。该方法稳定,精密度、重现性好,且样品处理简单,提取与检测时间短。     

黄芪百合颗粒HPLC指纹图谱及多指标成分定量研究

建立黄芪百合颗粒(HBG)的HPLC指纹图谱,并进行多指标成分定量测定,为其质量评价提供依据。采用Agilent Eclipse Plus C18色谱柱(4. 6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以0. 2%甲酸溶液(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱(0~10 min,5%→10%B; 10~35 min,10%→30%B; 35~40 min,30%B; 40~50 min,30%→60%B; 50~60min,60%→5%B),流速1. 0 mL/min,250、260、290、330 nm多波长切换,柱温30℃,建立了HBG的指纹图谱,共确定28个共有峰,10批HBG指纹图谱中样品间相似度均大于0. 99。通过与对照品比较指认出其中6个共有峰并分别进行了定量分析,6个共有峰分别为毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷(15号峰)、橙皮苷(18号峰)、芒柄花苷(21号峰)、毛蕊异黄酮(23号峰)、芒柄花素(25号峰)、川陈皮素(26号峰)。所建立的HPLC指纹图谱和含量测定分析方法可用于HBG的质量评价。     

不同采收期水栀子果实中西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ和栀子苷含量变化研究

建立水栀子药材中西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)含量测定的方法,研究不同采收期的水栀子药材中西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ和栀子苷含量的变化趋势。西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ含量测定采用80%甲醇超声提取,通过UPLC-DAD法测定。色谱条件:Aglient Pro120 EC-C18(50 mm×4.6 mm,2.7μm)色谱柱,以水(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相梯度洗脱,0~5 min,5%~20%B;5~17 min,20%~27%B;柱温15℃,流速0.8m L/min,检测波长440 nm。栀子苷含测采用《中国药典》2015年版一部栀子项下的含量测定方法检测。通过实验,红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ分别在49.5560~955.6000 ng、5.9045~1180.9000 ng线性范围内与各自峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9996、r=0.9998),平均回收率分别为98.17%、99.67%(n=9)。表明建立的西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ含量测定方法简便,稳定性、重复性、分离度均好;随着采收期的延长,样本中西红花苷Ⅰ、西红花苷Ⅱ的含量逐步增加,而栀子苷含量先降低后再逐步增加到一个平衡值。本研究为水栀子药材最佳采收期的确定提供了实验依据。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定升麻药材中升麻苷H-1的含量

建立升麻药材中升麻苷H-1含量测定的反相高效液相色谱分析方法。使用H&E XP ODS-A色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm5,μm),流动相为乙腈-水-磷酸(35∶65∶0.4),流速为1 mL/min,柱温为26℃,检测波长203nm。测得升麻苷H-1线性范围为0.95～28.5μg/mL(r=0.9999),平均回收率(n=6)为99.35%(RSD=2.79%),不同来源批次升麻药材含量测定结果表明,升麻药材中升麻苷H-1含量为0.53%～1.09%,综合分析批样品含量测定结果,建议升麻药材中含升麻苷H-1应不低于0.4%。本方法简便、准确、重复性好、专属性强,可作为升麻药材质量控制方法。     

氩离子注入介导麻黄基因组DNA转化获得产麻黄碱重组酵母菌

通过氩离子(Ar )注入介导蓝麻黄基因组DNA在异常汉逊酵母(Hansenula anomala)中随机转化,转化后的酵母菌经BTB指示性辅助筛选、斜面传代、液体培养、铜铬盐定性检识和RP-HPLC定量检测,获得了遗传稳定的以葡萄糖为碳源、NaNO3为氮源生物合成麻黄碱和(或)伪麻黄碱的重组酵母菌3株。液体培养72h,RP-HPLC测试胞外麻黄碱和伪麻黄碱的最高产量分别为11.87mg/L和4.11mg/L;胞内伪麻黄碱最高含量为294.86mg/g干细胞,胞内麻黄碱未检出。分析了Ar 注入介导蓝麻黄基因组DNA在酵母菌中的遗传转化效率,探讨了麻黄基因组DNA大分子的完整性对其在酵母菌中遗传转化的影响。     

HPLC同时测定雪胆属植物中3种活性成分的含量

建立了高效液相色谱法同时测定雪胆属植物中雪胆乙素、竹节参皂苷Ⅳa和雪胆甲素含量的方法,可用于11种雪胆属植物中3种活性成分的同时测定。采用InertSustain C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱;流动相为0.1%磷酸水溶液(A)-乙腈(B),梯度洗脱(0~20 min,5%~20%B;20~60 min,20%~30%B;60~80 min,30%~64%B);流速1.0 mL/min;柱温35℃;检测波长203 nm。经方法学考察,本方法具有准确快速、精密度高、重复性好的特点,雪胆乙素、竹节参皂苷Ⅳa和雪胆甲素分别在0.075~3.000μg、0.810~32.400μg和0.620~24.800μg范围内与峰面积呈现良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 5)。定量分析测得11种雪胆属植物中雪胆乙素含量在0.479~1.904 mg/g范围内,彭县雪胆中含量最高;竹节参皂苷Ⅳa含量在1.098~18.58 mg/g范围内,峨眉雪胆中含量最高;雪胆甲素含量在3.079~17.56 mg/g范围内,十一叶雪胆中含量最高。本方法可为雪胆属优质药用资源开发及综合利用提供参考。     

威灵仙药材中三萜苷元齐墩果酸含量的HPLC测定

为探索可用于威灵仙药材质量控制的三萜苷元齐墩果酸HPLC含量测定方法,用HPLC法测定了威灵仙药材中齐墩果酸含量。色谱柱:Kromasil C18(4.6×150 mm,5μm),检测波长:220 nm,流动相:甲醇-水(95:5),流速:0.5 mL/min。齐墩果酸在0.004~0.015 mg范围内线性关系良好,回归方程为:Y=437954101.73X 144588.26(R=0.9991),平均回收率为:98.33%,RSD=1.76%。样品中齐墩果酸含量分别为:东北铁线莲0.2281%;威灵仙0.1260%、棉团铁线莲0.1851%。本方法快速、准确、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于对威灵仙中齐墩果酸的含量进行测定。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.