肥厚型心肌病左房功能改变及其与左室功能的相关性

目的探讨单心动周期实时三维超声心动图技术(sRT-3DE)评价肥厚型心肌病(HCM)病人左房容积的变化及其与左室功能的相关性研究。方法选取30例HCM患者,其中肥厚型梗阻性心肌病(HOCM)12例,肥厚型非梗阻性心肌病(HNCM)18例,另选健康志愿者20例作为对照组。采用sRT-3DE技术测量左房容积参数及左房总排空分数(LAVtEF)、左房被动排空分数(LAVpEF)及左房主动排空分数(LAVaEF)并与正常对照组进行比较。结果与正常对照组相比,HCM组左房容积参数均增高(P<0.05),而HCM组左房功能参数中LAVtEF及LAVpEF均显著降低(P<0.01),而LAVaEF显著增高(P<0.01),HOCM患者中LAVaEF与E/E’呈正相关(r=0.74,P<0.05),而HNCM患者中LAVtEF与E/E’呈负相关(r=-0.79,P<0.01)。结论 HCM患者左房储器功能及管道功能减低,泵功能增强,HCM患者左室舒张功能受损,单心动周期实时三维超声心动图能够准确评估HCM患者左房功能及左室功能。     

应变率成像技术评价酒精性心肌病患者左心房功能

目的:研究应变率成像技术在评价酒精性心肌病患者左心房功能改变方面的应用价值。方法:对30例酒精性心肌病患者(ACM组)和相匹配年龄30例正常人(正常对照组),分别进行左心房常规二维参数及应变率参数测量。常规参数包括:左心房最小容积（LAVmin）、左心房最大容积（LAVmax）、左心房p容积（LAVp）、左心房最大直径（LAMD）、左心房主动射血分数(LAAEF)及左心房被动射血分数(LAPEF)。应变率测量指标包括:左心房间隔、侧壁、下壁及前壁收缩期的应变率（SSR）、舒张早期应变率（ESR）及舒张晚期应变率（ASR）。结果:与正常对照组相比,ACM组常规参数LAMD、LAVmax、LAVmin、LAVp及LAAEF增高,LAPEF减低,差异均具有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。ACM组ASR增高,而SSR及ESR减低,差异具均有统计学意义(均P<001)。结论:应变率成像可以准确评价酒精性心肌病患者左心房功能。     

实时三平面应变率成像评价高血压合并冠心病患者左心房功能的价值

目的探讨实时三平面应变率成像评价高血压合并冠心病患者左心房功能的价值。方法选择24例原发性高血压患者（A组）、22例原发性高血压合并冠心病患者（B组）、30例健康志愿者（C组）,采用多功能彩色多普勒超声诊断仪行实时三平面应变率成像,获得左心房前壁、侧壁、后壁、下壁的应变率曲线,测量收缩期峰值应变率（SRs）、舒张早期峰值应变率（SRe）和心房收缩期峰值应变率（SRa）。结果 A、B组的SRs、SRe均低于C组（P〈0.05或〈0.01）,而SRa高于C组（P均〈0.05）。A组的SRs、SRe低于B组（P〈0.01）,SRa高于B组（P〈0.05）。结论实时三平面应变率成像可反映左心房功能的变化,并能反映其受损程度。     

实时三维超声心动图自动定量技术评价肥厚型心肌病患者左心房容积及功能的应用价值

目的：探讨实时三维超声心动图自动定量技术在评价肥厚型心肌病（HCM）患者左心房容积及功能中的应用价值。方法：连续性收集2019年12月到2020年12月于我院确诊的HCM患者70例（HCM组）,同时选取同期年龄及性别匹配的健康成年人50例（对照组）。对两组进行二维及实时三维超声心动图检查,评价两组患者传统舒张功能指标与三维左心房功能参数的差异,并进行相关性分析。结果：两组年龄、性别、体表面积、心率、血压差异均无统计学意义（P均> 0.05）。HCM组患者室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度、最大室壁厚度、左心室射血分数、舒张早期二尖瓣血流速度峰值与二尖瓣环舒张早期速度峰值之比（E/e’）、左心室整体纵向应变（GLS）及达峰时间离散度均大于对照组,左心室舒张末期及收缩末期容积指数、间隔侧及侧壁侧二尖瓣环舒张早期运动速度峰值较对照组小,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。左心房功能参数中,HCM组三维超声心动图左心房最大容积、最小容积及收缩前容积均大于对照组,左心房被动排空分数、主动排空分数及总排空分数、储器期左心房长轴应变（LASr）及圆周应变、管道期及收缩期左心房长轴及圆周应变均小...     

二维斑点追踪技术在评价2型糖尿病患者早期左心房功能中的应用

目的:应用二维斑点追踪技术评价2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者早期左心房功能。方法:搜集T2DM患者56例,把其中27例无微血管病者作为A组,29例合并微血管病者作为B组,30例正常健康志愿者作为对照组(C组)。采集静息状态下心尖两腔切面和心尖四腔切面二维动态图像,应用二维斑点追踪技术(2D-STE)技术获取左心房各壁(房间隔、侧壁、下壁及前壁)在左心室收缩期、舒张早期和舒张晚期的峰值应变率及左心房整体应变(SRs、SRe、SRa、Gs),并计算其平均值(mSRs、mSRe、mSRa)。应用实时三维超声技术测得左心房各容积参数、左心房被动射血分数(LAPEF)、左心房主动射血分数(LAAEF)及左房扩张指数(LAEI)。另外,各组均行常规超声心动图检查。结果:与C组比较,A组和B组左心房Gs、mSRs、mSRe降低,mSRa升高(均P0.01)。A和B组mSRa与LAAEF呈显著正相关(r=0.785,0.813,均P0.01)。结论:2D-STE可较好地反映T2DM患者早期左心房功能。     

冠心病患者左心房功能变化及临床意义

目的探讨冠心病患者左房功能变化特点及临床意义。方法对36例冠心病患者(观察组)和32例健康体检者(对照组)行彩色多普勒成像检查,获取动态心尖四腔、两腔心的二维灰阶图像;采用左房容积追踪技术(LAVT)获取左房容积曲线和左房容积—时间变化曲线后获取左心房最大容积(LAVmax)、左心房最小容积(LAVmin)收缩期左心房充盈速率峰值(dv/dtS)、舒张早期左心房排出速率峰值(dv/dtE)及舒张晚期左心房排出速率峰值(dv/dtA),并计算左房排空分数。结果与对照组比较,观察组LAVmax、LAVmin、dv/dtA显著增高,LAEF、dv/dtS、dv/dtE显著减低(P均<0.05)。结论冠心病患者存在左心房功能受损;LAVT可无创、定量评价左心房功能受损及发展程度。     

肥厚型梗阻性心肌病扩大室间隔切除术后左心房功能变化及意义

目的应用二维斑点追踪应变显像技术(2DSTE)评估肥厚型梗阻性心肌病(HOCM)患者扩大室间隔切除术后左心房功能的变化特点,并探讨其临床意义。方法 39例HOCM患者入选此研究。应用2DSTE技术测量房间隔,左房侧壁、前壁,下壁的基底段、中段,以及房顶部共12个节段各个时相的心房心肌应变率,取平均值,得出左心室收缩期左心房峰值应变率(mSRs)、左心室舒张早期左心房峰值应变率(mSRe)、左心室舒张晚期(心房收缩期)左心房峰值应变率(mSRa)。应用2DSTE自左房容积曲线获得左心房最大容积(LAVmax)、左心房收缩前容积(LAVp)、左心房最小容积(LAVmin),计算左心房容积指数(LAVI)、左心房主动排空分数(LAAEF)、左心房被动排空分数(LAPEF)、左心房扩张指数(LAEI)。比较术前、术后中期各参数的变化特点。结果与术前比较,39例HOCM患者扩大室间隔切除术后,左心房最大前后径(LAD)、室间隔厚度(IVS)、左心室后壁舒张末期厚度(LVPWd)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室流出道最大压差(LVOT-PG)、二尖瓣反流(MI)均明显减低(P均0.05);左心室舒张末前后径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末前后径(LVESD)均明显增大(P均0.05);二尖瓣E峰减速时间(DT)缩短,舒张晚期二尖瓣环运动速度(a’)增加(P0.05);左心室舒张晚期mSRa较术前明显增加(P0.05);各个时相LAVmax、LAVp、LAVmin以及LAVI均明显减小(P0.05),LAAEF增加(P0.05);左心室舒张晚期mSRa与LAAEF在0.01水平上呈中等程度负相关(P0.01)。结论 HOCM患者扩大室间隔切除术后左心房辐泵功能较术前恢复。2DSTE能够敏感反映左心房功能的变化特点。     

实时三维超声心动图评价高血压前期左心房功能的研究

目的探讨实时三维超声心动图（RT3DE）评价高血压病前期人群左心房功能的价值。方法纳入2012年6月~2012年12月北京军区总医院高血压前期患者[收缩压120~139 mmHg和（或）舒张压80~90 mmHg]80例,纳入同期血压＜120/80 mmHg者40例作为对照组,应用二维超声心动图测量左心房、室内径、室间隔厚度（IVST）、左室后壁厚度,及左心室舒张功能指标,如舒张早期峰值速度（E）、收缩期峰值速度（A）、二尖瓣环舒张早期运动速度（E’）、收缩期运动速度（A’）,计算E/A。应用RT3DE测量左心房最大容积（LAVmax）、左心房最小容积（LAVmin）及左心房收缩前容积（LAVpre）,计算左心房每搏射血量（LASV）、左心房排空分数（LAEF%）、左心房被动排空分数（LAp%）及左心房主动排空分数（LAa%）,并对两组结果进行对比分析。结果①二维超声心动图结果：与对照组相比,高血压前期组IVST更厚[（9.71±0.81）mm vs.（9.04±1.08）mm,P＜0.05],余指标无统计学差异（P均＞0.05）;②RT3DE结果：与对照组比较,高血压前期组LAVmax、LAVpre、LAEF%、LASV及LAa%更高[分别为（35.46±4.27）ml vs.（31.56±3.34）ml,（20.58±3.72）ml vs.（17.84±3.32）ml,（55.60±8.23）%vs.（50.47±7.27）%,（20.34±5.74）ml vs.（16.79±5.12）ml,（39.48±10.48）%vs.（31.57±10.26）%,P均＜0.05],LAp%更低[（43.69±10.32）%vs.（47.26±10.67）%,P均＜0.05]。结论RT3DE较二维超声心动图更能早期发现高血压前期人群左心房容积和功能改变。     

超声二维斑点追踪技术评价肥厚型心肌病患者左心房功能

目的 探讨二维斑点追踪技术（STI）评价肥厚型心肌病（HCM）患者左心房功能的应用价值.方法 应用STI技术检测肥厚型心肌病患者房间隔、左心房侧壁中间段应变率曲线及左心房容积曲线,分析计算左心房功能,并与健康对照组进行对比分析.结果 ①对照组房间隔中间段平均舒张早期峰值应变率（SRe）、舒张晚期峰值应变率（SRa）分别为（-4.61±1.63）s-1、（-2.05±0.62）s-1,HCM组房间隔中间段平均SRe、SRa分别为（-1.52±1.02）s-1、（-2.65±1.10）s-1;对照组左心房侧壁中间段平均SRe、SRa分别为（-2.66±1.31）s-1、（-1.69±0.59）s-1,HCM组左心房侧壁中间段平均SRe、SRa分别为（-1.46±0.89）s-1、（-2.18±1.19）s-1.与对照组比较,HCM组房间隔及左心房侧壁SRe减低,SRa增高,二者差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.②对照组平均左心房被动射血分数（LAPEF）、左心房主动射血分数（LAAEF）、左心房最小容积（LAVmin）分别为（0.35±0.11）%、（0.27±0.07）%和（17.56±7.10）ml;HCM组平均LAPEF、LAAEF、LAVmin分别为（0.21±0.11）%、（0.34±0.10）%和（29.68±14.42）ml.与对照组比较,HCM组LAPEF减低,LAAEF和 LAVmin增高,二者差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 超声二维斑点追踪技术能够较好地评价肥厚型心肌病患者左心房功能.     

应变/应变率成像评价慢性心力衰竭患者左心房功能

目的应用组织多普勒应变/应变率成像技术评价慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者左心房功能的变化。方法共纳入48例CHF患者和41例健康人(对照组)。行常规超声心动图检查,应用应变/应变率成像技术测量左房5个壁心肌组织的应变(S)、应变达峰时间(TS),左室收缩期左房应变率峰值(SSR)、左室舒张早期左房应变率峰值(ESR)、左室舒张晚期左房应变率峰值(ASR),对两组指标进行比较。结果与对照组相比较,CHF组左房内径(LAD)、左房内径指数(LADI)、左房最小容积(LAVmin)、左房最大容积(LAVmax)、左房容积指数(LAVI)、左房每搏量(LASV)均明显高于对照组(均为P<0.05),左房射血分数(LAEF)低于对照组(P=0.02)。CHF组除左心房前壁外,左心房其余各壁应变均显著降低。CHF组SSR减低,ESR及ASR均明显减低(均为P<0.05)。结论慢性心力衰竭患者左心房功能较健康人减低,应用应变/应变率成像技术能够定量评价慢性心力衰竭患者左心房功能的变化。     

超声心动图声学定量技术评价心肌梗塞患者左房左室功能

应用超声心动图声学定量技术测定28例亚急性及陈旧性心肌梗塞患者的左房左室功能。结果显示：心肌梗塞总组、亚急性心肌梗塞组及陈旧性心肌梗塞组左室面积、左室容积及左房面积均显著大于正常对照组；左房、左室的面积、容积变化率、充盈率及排空率明显低于正常对照组；左室峰值充盈时间较正常对照组明显延长，左房峰值充盈时间与正常对照组相比无显著性差异。提示应用超声心动图声学定量技术可较好地反应心肌梗塞患者左房左室功能的变化。     

Importance of left atrial function in patients with myocardial infarction

Left atrial function was evaluated in patients with and without remote myocardial infarction. The simultaneous left atrial pressure recording and left atrial and left ventricular cineangiograms were obtained with a catheter-tip micromanometer. The pressure-volume curve of the left atrium was composed of an A-loop and a V-loop. The ratio of active atrial emptying to left ventricular stroke volume in patients with myocardial infarction was significantly larger than that in normal subjects (42 +/- 12% vs 29 +/- 10%, p less than 0.05). The left atrial work was also significantly greater in patients with myocardial infarction (1690 +/- 717 mm Hg X ml) than in normal subjects (940 +/- 426 mm Hg X ml, p less than 0.05). The ratio of active atrial emptying to left ventricular stroke volume and left atrial work were significantly related in both normal subjects and patients with myocardial infarction (gamma = 0.72, p less than 0.01). The left ventricular ejection fraction correlated inversely with left atrial work (gamma = -0.5, p less than 0.05). Left atrial work also showed a significant linear correlation with left atrial volume before active atrial emptying (gamma = 0.82, p less than 0.01). We conclude that the left atrial contribution to left ventricular function is increased in patients with remote myocardial infarction. This left atrial contribution to the left ventricle is attributed to the Frank-Starling mechanism in the left atrium.     

Left atrial spontaneous echo contrast in patients with permanent pacemakers.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relations between left atrial appendage function, spontaneous echo contrast, and thromboembolism in patients with different modes of permanent pacemakers. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 88 patients with pacemaker implantation and 25 healthy controls in sinus rhythm had transoesophageal echocardiographic examination of the left atrial appendage. Left atrial size, appendage area, peak filling and emptying velocities of the atrial appendage, and the presence or absence of spontaneous echo contrast and thromboembolism were determined. The results in 63 patients with ventricular pacing (group 1, subdivided into subgroup 1A: 42 patients with sinus rhythm, and subgroup 1B: 21 patients with atrial fibrillation) were compared with those in 25 patients with synchronous pacing (group 2), and 25 normal control subjects (group 3). RESULTS: Patients with ventricular pacing had two distinct appendage flow patterns: well defined biphasic filling and emptying waves in subgroup 1A, and irregular very low filling and emptying waves in subgroup 1B. The ejection fraction of the left atrial appendage in subgroup 1A was significantly better than that in subgroup 1B (mean (SD) 40.6 (12.0)% v 7.6 (5.0)%, P < 0.0001). The spontaneous echo contrast was observed in 90% of subgroup 1B patients but in only 19% in subgroup 1A (P < 0.05) and was not found in groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.0001). There was a trend for increased prevalence of spontaneous echo contrast in subgroup 1A v group 2 (P = 0.053). Thrombi were detected in two cases, and cardiogenic embolism occurred in one case in subgroup 1B. All patients with spontaneous echo contrast had ventricular pacing. Multivariate analysis showed that atrial fibrillation was associated with occurrence of spontaneous echo contrast in patients with ventricular pacing (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The left atrial appendage ejection fraction was lower with ventricular pacing than with synchronous pacing. With ventricular pacing there was a trend towards increased prevalence of left atrial spontaneous echo contrast in patients in sinus rhythm, and a significantly increased prevalence in patients with atrial fibrillation.     

三维超声心动图及斑点追踪成像评价左心房不同构型阵发性房颤患者左心房功能的临床研究

目的应用实时三维超声心动图(3D-RTE)及二维斑点追踪成像(2D-STI)评价左心房不同构型的阵发性房颤患者(PAF)左心房结构和功能。方法入选2017年1月至2018年12月于解放军总医院第七医学中心收治的阵发性房颤患者98例。根据二维超声左心房容积指数(LAVI-2D)将房颤患者分为左心房容积正常组(LAN组,LAVI<34 ml/m^2,50例)和左心房容积扩大组(LAE组,LAVI≥34 ml/m^2,48例)。选择同期38例临床资料匹配者为对照组。实时三维超声心动图测定左心房最大容积(LAVmax),左心房最小容积(LAVmin),左心房容积指数(LAVI-3D)和左心房总排空分数(LATEF)。斑点追踪显像获取左心房纵向时间-应变曲线,记录收缩期平均应变(SSL)和各时相平均应变率(mSRs、mSRe、mSRa)。结果PAF患者LAVI平均水平高于对照组,且LAE组LAVI水平高于LAN组,LAVI-3D测量值较LAVI-2D测量值高(P均<0.05)。PAF患者LATEF平均水平低于对照组,且LAE组LATEF水平小于LAN组(P均<0.05)。与对照组比较,PAF患者mSSL、mSRs、mSRe和mSRa水平均降低,LAE组mSSL、mSRs、mSRe和mSRa水平小于LAN组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论三维超声心动图较二维测量左心房容积大,能更准确评估左心房容积。左心房容积无明显增大房颤患者,已出现左心房功能减低。左心房扩大者应变指标进一步下降,左心房功能减低明显。三维超声心动图及斑点追踪成像能早期评价房颤患者左心房功能异常。     

Left atrial function in patients with a high C-reactive protein level and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated left atrial dimensions and function in high C-reactive protein (CRP) patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. BACKGROUND: In patients with increased plasma levels of CRP left atrial dysfunction may enhance the occurrence of arrhythmias. METHODS: Two-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiography, were performed in 20 consecutive patients with high CRP levels and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (group CRf) and in 20 patients with high CRP levels without this arrhythmia (group CR).Twenty normal subjects (group N) were also investigated. Groups were matched for age and gender. RESULTS: CRP was increased in the CRf (median = 1.03 mg/dl), CR (median = 0.84 mg/dl) and N groups (median = 0.23 mg/dl), (p < 0.001) for all comparisons. The CRf, CR and N groups had similar systolic and diastolic blood pressure, left ventricular mass index, left ventricular ejection fraction, isovolumic relaxation time and peak early and late transmitral Doppler flow velocities. Maximal left atrial volume was greater only in the CRf group (54.4 +/- 6.3 ml) compared with the N group (50.3 +/- 4.9 ml, p < 0.05). Left atrial volume preceding atrial contraction was similar in all groups, p=NS. Left atrial minimal volume decreased from 23.0 +/- 1.8 ml in the CRf group, to 19.8 +/- 1.8 ml in the CR group, p < 0.001 and to 18.1 +/- 2.1 ml in the N group, (p < 0.02). The passive emptying fraction of the CRf and CR groups was comparable to that of normal subjects. The CRf group had a decreased left atrial active emptying fraction (0.25 +/- 0.08) compared with the CR (0.36 +/- 0.09) and N groups (0.39 +/- 0.08), p < 0.001 for both comparisons.The reservoir fraction was decreased only in the CRf group compared to normal subjects (1.37 +/- 0.25 vs. 1.82 +/- 0.43, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the occurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with a high CRP level is associated with enlargement of the left atrium, depression of its contractile function and is independent of left ventricular hypertrophy and function.The mechanisms linking these variables remain undefined.     

慢性阻塞性肺病患者心房颤动与心脏结构的关联性

目的 分析慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）患者初发心房颤动与心脏结构的关联性。方法 将426例COPD患者分成窦性心律组（n=376）和初发房颤组（n=50）通过单因素分析得出COPD初发房颤的影响因素,再运用logistic回归分析COPD患者初发房颤的高危因素。结果 单因素分析显示与窦性心律组比较,初发房颤组患者在年龄、冠心病史、右心室内径（RVD）、左心房内径（LAD）、右心房内径（RAD）、肺动脉内径（PAD）方面差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,在初发房颤影响因素logistic回归分析中LAD（P<0.05）、RAD（P<0.05）是COPD患者初发房颤的危险因素。结论 COPD患者初发房颤与心脏结构有关联,左心房及右心房增大是COPD患者初发房颤的独立相关因素。     

Right Atrial Thrombi and Depressed Right Atrial Appendage Function After Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that cardioversion of atrial fibrillation may result in left atrial chamber and appendage dysfunction and cause new thrombi in the left atrium. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate right atrial appendage function and assess the incidence of new right atrial thrombi after electrical cardioversion. METHODS: Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in 25 patients 4 h before and at 24 h and 7 days after electrical cardioversion to determine right and left atrial mechanical function (internal atrial defibrillation, n = 16; external electrical cardioversion, n = 9), as assessed by peak A wave velocities derived from the transtricuspid and transmitral velocity profiles. In addition, transesophageal echocardiography was performed 4 h before and 24 h after cardioversion to evaluate postcardioversion thrombus formation in the right and left atrial chambers and to assess right and left atrial appendage function. The degree of spontaneous echo contrast was noted, and peak emptying velocities of the appendages were measured before and after cardioversion. RESULTS: Peak emptying velocities of both the right atrial appendage (mean +/- SD, 0.23 +/- 0.1 vs 0.32 +/- 0.11 m/sec; P = 0.02) and the left atrial appendage (0.3 +/- 0.15 vs 0.4 +/- 0.15 m/sec; P = 0.01) were significantly lower 24 h after cardioversion compared with 4 h before cardioversion, respectively. The degree of spontaneous echo contrast increased in the left atrium after cardioversion from 1.0 +/- 1.2 to 1.9 +/- 2.1 (P = 0.02), and in the right atrium, it increased from 0.8 +/- 1.1 to 1.2 +/- 1.1 (P = 0.1) after cardioversion. Peak A wave transtricuspid velocity increased from 0.26 +/- 0.05 m/sec at 24 h to 0.38 +/- 0.06 m/sec (P = 0.001) after 7 days; respective values for transmitral peak A wave velocity were 0.39 +/- 0.15 and 0.54 +/- 0.16 m/sec (P = 0.009). No thrombi were found in either the right or left atrium before cardioversion. In two patients, new thrombi in the right atrium were detected 24 h after internal atrial defibrillation. Thrombi were located at the superior rim of the fossa ovalis in both patients with patent foramen ovale. Another patient had developed a thrombus in the left atrial appendage. CONCLUSIONS: Electrical cardioversion may not only cause left atrial chamber and appendage dysfunction and left atrial thrombi but also lead to depressed right atrial appendage function and the generation of new thrombi in the body of the right atrium.     

持续心房颤动对山羊心房大小和功能影响的时间进程

探讨持续心房颤动(AF)对左右房容积及左房功能的影响及其时间进程。运用起搏方法建立AF模型,在AF前和AF后的第1,2,4,8周对左右房容积、左房射血分数(EF)、左房射血力(LAEF)、A峰、E峰及E/A比值进行测量。结果:AF后1,2,4,8周左右房容积逐渐增加、心室舒张末左房容积(LAEDV)在起搏后1周有显著增加(P<0.05);心室收缩末左房容积(LAESV)、心室收缩末右房容积(RAESV)及心室舒张末右房容积(RAEDV)在AF4周时显著增加(P<0.05)。随着AF持续,左房EF值、A峰值及LAEF逐渐降低,左房EF在AF1周后显著降低(P<0.05);A峰值及LAEF在AF2周后显著降低(P<0.05);E/A值逐渐增高,AF2周后显著增高(P<0.05);E峰值无明显变化。结论:持续AF可引起左右房增大,左房功能障碍。     

非瓣膜病心房颤动患者血浆D-二聚体与左房功能异常的关联性及对其诊断价值

目的:以经食道心脏超声(transesophageal echocardiography,TEE)为判断标准,分析非瓣膜病持续性心房颤动患者血浆D-二聚体水平与左房功能异常的关联性及其对左房功能异常的诊断价值。方法:52例持续性心房颤动患者,病因排除瓣膜性心脏病。依据TEE结果分为两组:左房功能异常组(栓塞高危组,n=17);其余患者为左房功能正常(对照组,n=35)。单因素分析比较两组间基础临床资料、经胸超声(TTE)结果和凝血指标,多因素Logistics回归分析栓塞高危患者的危险因素并按诊断试验评价方法计算真实性指标。结果:栓塞高危组和对照组在年龄、既往栓塞史、左房内径、左室射血分数、血浆D-二聚体水平方面差异具有显著性(均P0.05)。Logistics回归分析,仅左室射血分数(P0.05)和血浆D-二聚体浓度(P0.01)是栓塞高危状态的相关因素。以300μg/L为阈值,D-二聚体诊断左心房功能异常的灵敏度为88%,特异度为83%,准确度为85%。结论:非瓣膜病持续性心房颤动患者外周血液D-二聚体水平与左房功能异常(栓塞高危状态)有关联,它对左房功能异常有一定诊断价值。