基于Ti-6Al-4V的热等静压与温压成形数值模拟对比研究

为对比研究钛合金的热等静压和温压成形工艺特点,以典型圆柱件成形为例,采用MSC.MARC软件,选取了Shima模型嵌入Ti-6Al-4V材料模型进行数值模拟。通过分析两种工艺过程中粉末体的流动情况和致密度分布,得出粉末体的热等静压是一个先向外膨胀再向中心收缩,最终达到全致密的过程,致密度分布均匀;而温压成形是沿着冲头方向直接进行收缩,致密度不高并存在明显的梯度现象。通过两种成形特点的对比,能分别预测成形方法的变形以及指导两种成形方法的选取。     

TC11钛合金粉末涡轮盘热等静压成形数值模拟研究

为了成形复杂结构的涡轮盘零件,采用粉末热等静压工艺(HIP),设计了粉末净成形和粉-固扩散连接成形两种方案,使用MSC.MARC软件,在Shima模型中嵌入TC11钛合金材料参数进行数值模拟研究。模拟结果显示:粉末净成形的模具变形是粉-固扩散连接成形的2倍左右;粉末净成形的粉末体在热等静压后,关键部位出现明显的密度梯度分布,相对密度较低,粉-固扩散连接成形的相对密度分布的均匀性优于粉末净成形,所以粉-固扩散连接成形方案优于粉末净成形方案。试验结果显示:热等静压工艺可以实现闭式涡轮盘的净成形。     

钼粉末温压成形过程的数值模拟研究

运用MSC.MARC有限元分析软件,采用热-机耦合方法,对钼粉末温压成形过程进行了有限元数值模拟,获得了粉末体形变、应力场和相对密度分布等相关数据,为改善钼粉温压成形工艺及优化工艺参数提供了理论依据.     

热等静压参数对Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI粉末合金组织与力学性能的影响

采用无坩埚感应熔炼超声气体雾化法制备Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI预合金粉末,并对预合金粉末进行表征.研究了热等静压参数对Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI粉末合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,热等静压温度和压力的升高有助于提升粉末合金的致密度,当粉末合金的致密度大于99.5%时,粉末合金的力学性能可以达到锻造合金的水平.综合考虑粉末合金的致密度、显微组织和力学性能,Ti-5Al-2.5Sn ELI预合金粉末优选的热等静压工艺成型窗口为温度890~940℃,压力120 MPa以上,保温保压3 h.包套对热等静压压力有屏蔽作用,设计不当会降低粉末压坯的致密度.通过优化包套设计、热等静压参数和工艺途径可以有效抑制包套的屏蔽作用,提升粉末合金的致密度.     

基于有限元模拟的钼粉末温压成形分析

为了研究钼粉末温压成形过程,用有限元分析软件建立了钼粉末温压成形的有限元模型,对三维圆柱等截面粉柱温压成形过程进行了有限元数值模拟,从模拟结果得到了最终坯体内部密度和应力等参量的分布情况以及钼粉末颗粒轴向和径向流动规律.实验验证了所建立有限元模型的可靠性,并分析了部分工艺和材料性能参数对钼粉末成形的影响.结果表明:在钼粉末的温压成形过程中,压坯顶部半端面、轴截面和侧壁的相对密度分布等值线和其应力分布等值线非常接近.     

纳米结构W—Cu复合粉末的金属注射成形

纳米结构W—Cu复合粉末是通过机械合金化制取的。压坯是由粉末经过研磨、热还原处理后，再通过采用多成分的石蜡／聚乙烯／硬脂酸粘结剂系统进行金属注射成形而制取的。确定了一个脱蜡工艺．在该工艺下得到的仿生零件表面质量高，形状保持性好，且成形剂可完全脱除。中等等静压处理步骤可增加仿生密度，但未明显影响烧结过程中的致密化。尽管脱除粘结剂后脱蜡件密度较低，但是用两种粉末注射成形的压坯通过液相烧结，其密度达理论密度的96％以上。因其固有的纳米结构特性，这种高的烧结性能归因于粉末中W的晶拉长大和双重排列过程。     

金属及金属基复合材料粉末成形技术的研究进展

综述了金属粉末成形技术的发展历程,概述了粉末压制、粉末挤压、等静压成形、温压成形、金属注射成形和喷射成形的成形原理、技术特点、研究进展和局限性.分析认为,压力成形的致密均匀性和效率有待提高,注射成形与温压成形则应提高有机物的去除率,喷射成形将朝成形致密材料的方向发展.     

热等静压对电子封装60wt%Si-Al合金组织与性能的影响

采用喷射成形技术制备了新型电子封装材料60wt%Si-Al合金,选用两种热等静压工艺对其进行致密化处理,研究热等静压对材料组织和性能的影响。观察、分析了热等静压致密化后合金组织,测试了热等静压后合金的致密度、导热及热膨胀性能。结果表明,热等静压可有效减少或消除喷射成形60wt%Si-Al合金坯件内部的缩松缩孔,使合金接近理论密度。固态(520℃)热等静压后的合金相比半固态(600℃)热等静压合金,表现出更高的致密度、热导率和更低的热膨胀系数。     

钛合金粉末冶金内润滑温压成形

为了制各低成本、高性能的钛合金粉末冶金零件,研究了钛合金粉末的内润滑温压成形行为.当采用0.06%Li-st和0.06%HDPE(质量分数,下同)润滑剂进行内润滑温压成形时,在180℃温压、500 MPa压力下,1350℃烧结坯的相对密度值均大于99%,相对密度最大值达到99.56%,接近全致密,且烧结坯具有较低的杂质含量和较高的尺寸精度.钛合金粉末的内润滑温压成形较室温成形细化了合金的显微组织、提高了钛合金零件的致密度.     

压扭工艺改善钼粉末温压成形的模拟分析

运用MSC．Marc有限元仿真软件,采用基于更新拉格朗日方法的热-机耦合分析方法,模拟了钼粉温压和温压扭成形过程,获得了2种工艺条件下的粉坯相对密度分布规律,验证了有限元模型的可靠性。结果表明：压扭工艺可以减小粉坯端面边缘处相对密度分布梯度,增大侧壁附近粉末变形量,并显著提高平均相对密度及相对密度分布的均匀性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.