Three novel C-glycosidic ellagitannins, rhoipteleanins H, I, and J, from rhoiptelea chiliantha

Three novel C-glycosidic ellagitannins named rhoipteleanins H (1), I (2), and J (3) were isolated from the fruits and bark of Rhoiptelea chiliantha Diels et Hand.-Mazz. (Rhoipteleaceae), and the structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence. Rhoipteleanin H possesses a unique cyclopentenone carboxyl moiety, which is probably formed by oxidation and subsequent rearrangement of an aromatic ring of a usual C-glycosidic ellagitannin. Rhoipteleanin I is the first ellagitannin having a hydroxynaphthalene glucoside moiety. Rhoipteleanin J is a dimeric ellagitannin generated by dehydrative coupling between two molecules of a monomeric C-glycosidic ellagitannin and subsequent oxidation of an aromatic ring. From a chemotaxonomic viewpoint, presence of these characteristic ellagitannins in this plant provides a further support for the establishment of the order Rhoipteleales comprising Rhoipteleaceae as the only family.     

线纹香茶菜,狭基线纹香茶菜,溪黄草水提物抗炎,保肝作用初步研究

对线纹香茶菜、狭基线纹香茶菜、溪黄草的水提物进行了消炎、护肝和毒性实验。结果表明,线纹香茶菜、狭基线纹香茶菜、溪黄草的水提物均能抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳部炎症反应,狭基线纹香茶菜、溪黄草提取物能对抗醋酸所致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加,三者均有降低CCl_4引起小鼠急性肝损伤后SGPT升高的作用;小鼠一次口服三者水提物的最大耐受量分别为60、60和90g/kg体重。     

Daphnimacropodines A-D, alkaloids from Daphniphyllum macropodum

Four new Daphniphyllum alkaloids, daphnimacropodines A-D (1-4), together with three known ones, daphnilactone B and daphnezomines H and I, were isolated from the fruits of Daphniphyllum macropodum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR techniques.     

Structures, biogenesis, and biological activities of pyrano[4,3-c]isochromen-4-one derivatives from the Fungus Phellinus igniarius

Further chemical investigation of the Chinese medicinal fungus Phellinus igniarius has resulted in the isolation and structural elucidation of three pyrano[4,3-c]isochromen-4-one derivatives, phelligridins H (1), I (2), and J (3), together with the known compounds davallialactone (4), scopolin, nebularine, uridine, trehalose, glucitol, and ethyl glucoside. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Phelligridins H (1) and I (2) possess unprecedented carbon skeletons, and phelligridin J (3) is an oxidative derivative of the co-occurring phelligridin A. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation, while compound 3 exhibited cytotoxic activity against several human cancer cell lines.     

High field 1H- and 13C-nmr assignments of grayanotoxins I, IV, and XIV isolated from Kalmia angustifolia

Grayanotoxins I [2], IV [3], and XIV [4] were isolated from Kalmia angustifolia var. caroliniana, a North American member of the Ericaceae. Their structures were established from physical and spectral data (mp, ir, [alpha]D, uv, cd, ms, 1H and 13C nmr). High field 1H- and 13C-nmr assignments were made for each compound using 1D and 2D nmr techniques including extensive 1H single-frequency spin-decoupling and nOe difference experiments, one-bond and long-range (COLOC) carbon-hydrogen correlations, and the INADEQUATE carbon-carbon correlation experiment. This is the first report of the presence of grayanotoxins IV and XIV in this source, of complete high field (500 MHz) 1H-nmr assignments for any grayanoid, and of 13C-nmr assignments for grayanotoxins IV and XIV. For grayanotoxin I, ambiguities in the literature 13C-nmr assignments have been removed by definitive assignments made through the use of the INADEQUATE experiment.     

Zyzzyanones B-D, dipyrroloquinones from the marine sponge Zyzzya fuliginosa

Zyzzyanones B, C, and D (2-4), three new dipyrroloquinones with a pyrrolo[3,2-f]indole-4,8(1H,7H)-dione skeleton, have been isolated from the Australian marine sponge Zyzzya fuliginosa. The known zyzzyanone A, makaluvamines C, E, G, H, and L, damirones A and B, 3,7-dimethylguanine, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid were also isolated. The structures of the new compounds 2-4 were established by extensive NMR spectroscopic data. Compounds 2-4 showed moderate cytotoxic activity against mouse Ehrlich carcinoma cells (IC50 25 microg/mL).     

微生物对蛇足石杉扦插生根及若干生理生化指标的影响

目的:研究原生境土壤微生物、内生真菌和根表真菌对蛇足石杉扦插生根率和若干生理生化指标的影响。方法:蛇足石杉分别在原生境土壤(土壤Ⅰ)、接种了内生真菌和根表真菌的灭菌土壤(土壤Ⅱ)、灭菌土壤(土壤Ⅲ)上进行扦插,调查蛇足石杉扦插生根率,测定可溶性蛋白含量,可溶性糖含量,PPO(多酚氧化酶),POD(过氧化物酶)活性、黄酮类化合物和石杉碱甲含量。结果:与土壤Ⅲ上的扦插蛇足石杉相比,土壤Ⅰ和土壤Ⅱ上植株生根率,分别提高了10%和16%,土壤Ⅱ上扦插植株茎中的可溶性蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05),土壤Ⅰ上扦插植株叶片和茎中的可溶性糖含量显著提高(P<0.05),土壤Ⅰ和土壤Ⅱ上的扦插植株的黄酮类化合物含量显著提高。结论:原生境土壤微生物、内生真菌和根表真菌对扦插蛇足石杉的生根有促进作用,提高蛇足石杉体内的代谢水平。     

Naamidines H and I, cytotoxic imidazole alkaloids from the Indonesian marine sponge Leucetta chagosensis

Two new imidazole alkaloids, naamidines H ( 1) and I ( 2), were isolated from the marine sponge Leucetta chagosensis, collected in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The compounds ( 1 and 2) showed cytotoxicity against HeLa cells with IC50 values of 5.6 and 15 microg/mL, respectively.     

Stereumins H-J, stereumane-type sesquiterpenes from the fungus Stereum sp

Stereumins H (1), I (2), and J (3), three sesquiterpenes possessing a novel stereumane-type backbone, were isolated from an extract of culture broth of the Basidiomycete Stereum sp. CCTCC AF 207024. The complete structural assignments including the absolute configurations are reported by using X-ray studies and density functional theory at the B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ//B3LYP/6-31G(d) level.     

广东溪黄草药材的原植物调查及商品鉴定

对广东主要中药溪黄草产地进行了原植物采集和调查,鉴定出其基源植物为狭基线纹香茶菜、线纹香茶菜、细花线纹香茶菜和溪黄草4种;并通过商品鉴定查明广东市场流通的溪黄草药材主要来自狭基线纹香茶菜和溪黄草2种。     

Ingenamine G and cyclostellettamines G-I, K, and L from the new Brazilian species of marine sponge Pachychalina sp

The chemical investigation of the cytotoxic and antituberculosis active MeOH crude extract of the marine sponge Pachychalina sp. led to the isolation of six new nitrogenous metabolites, including ingenamine G (1), as well as a mixture of new cyclostellettamines G, H, I, K, and L (10-14) with the known cyclostellettamines A-F (4-9). Structural assignments of compound 1 were based on the analysis of MS and NMR data, while the structures of compounds 10-14 could be established by HPLC-MS/MS analysis. Ingenamine G displayed cytotoxic activity against HCT-8 (colon), B16 (leukemia), and MCF-7 (breast) cancer cell lines, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and four oxacilin-resistant S. aureus strains, and antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.     

基于CFTR的H2受体调节剂高通量筛选细胞模型的构建

目的 建立基于囊性纤维化跨膜传导调节因子(cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator,CFTR)高通量筛选组胺H2受体(histocompatibility-2)调节剂的模型.方法 应用RT-PCR、Western blot检测H2受体在Fischer大鼠甲状...     

Cytotoxic xenia diterpenoids from the soft coral Xenia umbellata

Eleven new xenia diterpenoids, umbellacins A-G (1-7), 14,15-epoxy-xeniolide H (8), 3-acetyl-14,15-epoxy-xeniolide H (9), and umbellacins H and I (10, 11), were isolated from a methylene chloride-soluble fraction of the soft coral Xenia umbellata. The structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and their cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells was measured in vitro.     

Beesiosides G, H, and J-N, seven new cycloartane triterpene glycosides from Beesia calthifolia

Seven new cycloartane glycosides (1-7), beesiosides G, H, and J-N, together with beesioside I (8) and beesioside A, were isolated from the rhizomes of Beesia calthifolia, and their structures were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Beesiosides G, H, and J-N were assigned as 20xi(1),24xi(2)-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3beta,16beta,18,25-tetraol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), 20xi(1),24xi(2)-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3beta,16beta,18,25-tetraol-3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), (20S,24R)-15alpha,16beta-diacetoxy-20,24-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3beta,18,25-triol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (3), (20S,24S)-16beta-acetoxy-18,24;20,24-diepoxy-9,19-cyclanostane-3beta,15beta,25-triol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (4), (20S,24S)-16beta-acetoxy-18,24;20,24-diepoxy-9,19-cyclanostane-3beta,25-diol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (5), 20xi(1),24xi(2)-epoxy-15alpha-acetoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3beta,16beta,25-triol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (6), and 20xi(1),24xi(2)-epoxy-9,19-cyclolanostane-3beta,12alpha,15alpha,16beta,25-pentaol-3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (7), respectively.     

Antimicrobial ambiguines from the cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. collected in Israel

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the 7:3 MeOH/water extract of a cultured cyanobacterium strain identified as Fischerella sp. yielded nine isonitrile-containing alkaloids. Three of the compounds, ambiguine H isonitrile (1), ambiguine I isonitrile (2), and ambiguine J isonitrile (3), are new, while the other six, 12-epi-hapalindole H, ambiguine A isonitrile, ambiguine B isonitrile, ambiguine D isonitrile, ambiguine E isonitrile, and ambiguine F isonitrile, have been previously isolated from Fischerella ambigua. The structures of the compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR techniques and mass spectrometric data. Ambiguine H isonirile and ambiguine I isonirile possess antibacterial and antimycotic activity.     

何首乌炮制后新产生成分的分离和结构鉴定

目的:分离和鉴定何首乌炮制后新产生的化学成分。方法:采用HPLC法确定提取溶剂,用聚酰胺、大孔吸附树脂、ODS柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,通过理化性质及光谱数据确定化合物结构。结果:新产生的化学成分为5-羟基麦芽酚(Ⅰ)和5-羟甲基糠醛(Ⅱ)。结论:两个化合物为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

巴天酸模的化学成分

目的 :考察巴天酸模根的化学成分。方法 :硅胶柱色谱进行分离纯化 ,理化常数和光谱测定鉴定结构。结果 :分得 8个成分 ,分别鉴定为 5-甲氧基-7-羟基-1(3H)-苯骈呋喃酮 (Ⅰ) ;5 ,7-二羟基-1(3H)-苯骈呋喃酮 (Ⅱ) ;十九烷酸-2 ,3-二羟丙酯 (Ⅲ ) ;决明酮-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷 (Ⅳ) ;没食子酸 (Ⅴ) ;β-谷甾醇 (Ⅵ ) ;胡萝卜苷 (Ⅶ ) ;儿茶素(Ⅷ )。结论 :化合物Ⅲ为新的天然产物 ,化合物Ⅰ ,Ⅱ为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

大青叶的化学成分研究

目的：对十字花科植物菘蓝Isatis indigotica Fort.叶的化学成分进行研究。方法：大青叶的干燥叶用80%乙醇提取,依次用石油醚,醋酸乙酯,正丁醇萃取,对醋酸乙酯部分采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20, Rp-8, Rp-18柱色谱进行分离纯化,通过波谱数据分析(MS,¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR)进行结构鉴定。结论：从醋酸乙酯部分分离鉴定了11个化合物,其中5个生物碱,2个芳香酸,2个木脂素,2个黄酮。分别鉴定为：10H-indolo［3,2-b］quinoline(1),靛玉红(2),4(3H)-喹唑酮(3),(E)-3-(3′,5′-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-indolinone(4),deoxyvascinone(5),苯甲酸(6),邻羟基苯甲酸(7),(-)-落叶松脂素(8),(+)-异落叶松树脂醇(9),异牡荆素(10),6-β-D-glucopyranosyldiosmetin(11)。其中化合物1,4,5,8,9,11为首次从大青叶中分离得到。     

白花蛇舌草黄酮成分的研究

从茜草科植物白花蛇舌草中分离出5个黄酮化合物,经光谱数据分析鉴定它们的结构分别为山柰酚(Ⅰ),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ),山柰酚-3-O-(6"-O-α-L-鼠李糖基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅲ),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅳ)和槲皮素-3-O-(2"-O-葡萄糖基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(Ⅴ).其中Ⅰ～Ⅲ和Ⅴ系首次自该植物中分得.     

放射性粒子125I联合DDP对H22肝癌的病理变化研究

目的:探讨放射性粒子125I联合顺铂(DDP)植入H22肝癌组织后,观察肝癌的病理变化。方法:分别把125 I,DDP和两者联合植入荷H22肝癌小鼠瘤体内28 d,观察肿瘤生长,应用光镜和电子显微镜观察H22肝癌细胞的变化情况。结果:125 I,DDP植入肿瘤组织后,瘤体生长受到一定的影响;两者合用后致肿瘤生长变慢且出现变性坏死。镜下观察:125 I,DDP两组可见癌细胞形态不规则,有坏死的癌细胞,周围组织有大量淋巴细胞浸润;125I+DDP组癌组织以癌细胞坏死为特征;电镜下125I,DDP两组核膜完整,染色质分布均匀,核仁浓缩或碎裂,凋亡小体形成,粗面内质网结构松散、脱粒、滑面内质网增多,其间有较多凋亡的癌细胞,并有多个凋亡细胞聚集;而125I+DDP组为坏死或不完全坏死的癌细胞为主,其间也有凋亡的癌细胞。结论:放射性粒子125I与DDP组织间植入可导致肿瘤变性、死亡,还可诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,是一种简便易行,安全有效的新治疗。