488名小学生视力状况抽查分析

目的：调查了解不同辖区内两所学校小学生视力状况及其影响因素。方法：通过2007年我院眼科医师对我市不同辖区内两所学校小学生的眼科健康体检资料,采取1～6年级随机各抽取1个班,按年龄段分组的办法,抽查分析了488名小学生（976只眼）的视力状况、屈光状态等。结果：两所小学学生正视眼分别为380只眼（38.93%）、382只眼（39.14%）;近视性屈光不正分别为74只眼（15.16%）、65只眼（13.32%）;远视性屈光不正分别为34只眼（6.97%）、41只眼（8.40%）;两校视力低常和近视的发生率比较接近,近视的发生率随年龄的增长而增加,7～8岁组与11～12岁组、13～14岁组间存在显著性差异。结论：两校视力低常发生率相比较结果无显著性差异,屈光不正、视力低常发生率随年级升高而上升,视力下降者以近视为主,学习行为和长时间近距离用眼是近视发生的重要因素,对小学生屈光不正要早防、早查、早治。     

我国青少年近视现患率及相关因素分析

目的 了解和阐述我国中小学生视力变化情况,为探索预防青少年近视提供对策和建议.方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,于2008年5月至2009年9月分别在山东、青海、云南、上海和温州随机抽取农村与城市的90所学校,包括重点、非重点小学、初中、高中生共20 000人(每省4000人),小学生11 246人,初中生3673人,高中生4220人,其中来自市区学生为11 177人,乡村学生7962人,年龄6～19岁,男女比例基本相同.进行近视及相关情况调杳,共收回有效问卷19 139份.采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析,不同地区、不同年级近视患病率比较采用X~2检验,并采用Logistic回归分析影响近视患病的主要危险因素.结果 本次调查显示,小学生近视患病率为13.7%;初中生近视患病率为42.9%,高中生近视患病率为69.7%.小学生山东近视患病率最高为19.7%,青海最低为11.9%,上海、温州和云南相近;初中生温州近视患病率最高达50.6%,其次是上海,为47.2%,青海最低为33.6%;高中生山东近视患病率最高,达87.3%,其次是温州为72.0%,上海最低为60.2%.结论 本次调查显示,我国中小学生近视患病率沿海地区比内地高,发达地区比欠发达地区高,高原紫外线强烈地区与平原地区相近;各省市近视患病率从小学到高中不断增高趋势一致.     

小学生视力不良的影响因素及运动与饮食的综合干预

目的探讨小学生视力不良的影响因素与防治对策。方法采用对数视力表,对1 360名小学生进行视力检测,发放调查问卷,调查分析影响小学生视力不良的相关因素;选择一个学校3～5年级260人作为实验组,另一个学校相同年级252人作为对照组,采用运动与饮食的综合措施干预1 a。结果年级、营养、家庭作业时间、体育锻炼、玩屏幕游戏、父母锻炼、父母近视等因素对小学生视力不良有影响且有统计学意义(P <0.01);运动和饮食综合干预1 a后,实验组和对照组学生视力不良率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论小学生视力不良是多种因素综合作用的结果,运动与饮食的综合干预对改善视力有较好的帮助。     

河北省小学生近视现况与影响因素研究

目的 分析研究河北省小学生近视现状和影响因素,为近视防控工作提供数据和理论支撑。方法 采用分层整群抽样法,对2021年河北省11个设区市22所小学的6 753名学生进行裸眼视力检查、非睫状肌麻痹状态下验光、裂隙灯检查、眼底检查等眼科常规检查。通过问卷调查采集其近视情况及相关影响因素。结果 河北省小学生总体近视患病率为33.82%,城市小学生近视患病率为36.67%,农村小学生近视患病率为30.77%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=26.28,P<0.01);男生近视患病率为30.02%,女生近视患病率为37.94%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=47.22,P<0.01)。小学生近视以轻度近视为主,随年龄和年级增长加重。年龄、父母近视、教室采光照明、电子产品使用、户外活动、做眼保健操、读写距离是小学生近视的影响因素。结论 河北省小学生近视率已达较高程度,相关部门应进一步加强对学校和学生的教育引导和监督管理,针对近视影响因素做好精准防控,确保小学生视力健康。     

莆田市城镇小学生近视及影响因素调查与分析

目前,小学生近视问题已越来越受到人们的关注,通过对莆田市城镇小学生近视状况的调查,加强对小学生近视的认识,保护小学生近视,积极改善小学生生活和学习状态,提高小学生视力水平有一定实际意义. 1对象与方法 1.1对象研究对象是全日制小学生.先用单纯随机抽样选择莆田市市区某2所小学305名小学生作为调查对象,采用分层整群抽样方法对2所小学每个年级(共6年级)随机抽取1个班级,共计12个班.其中男生162名,女生143名.     

阳曲县中小学生近视状况调查分析

目的调查中小学生近视患病情况,分析其发生的原因并提出建议。方法利用阳曲县中小学生2010年学校体检中视力检查项目的相关数据,对6 615名中小学生的视力情况进行评定。结果近视患病人数检出率为58.56%,其中女生62.37%,男生55.04%;数据显示高三年级患病率最高为78.04%,小学四年级患病率最低为24.83%。结论阳曲县中小学生近视患病问题严重,应引起学生、学校、家长的高度重视。     

孟州市16899名中小学生近视调查

目的 对孟州市16899名中小学生近视调查.方法 2007年11月至2008年4月,我们对33所乡村小学,4所市内小学,4所乡镇中学进行了近视调查.结果 乡村小学生近视患病率一年级3.30% 二年级7.26% 三年级12.81% 四年级17.55%五年级26.78% 六年级34.03%.市内小学生近视患病率一年级5.59% 二年级10.64% 三年级17.33% 四年级27.98% 五年级44.47% 六年级56.175.乡镇中学生近视患病率七年级47.12% 八年级51.25% 九年级68.81%.结论 市内小学生近视患病率＞乡村小学生近视患病率,高年级近视患病率＞低年级近视患病率.     

桂平市小学生近视相关因素分析

目的分析桂平市小学生近视的相关因素。方法将桂平城区的小学生2652例作为观察对象,分别从不同年龄、不同环境因素、先天因素、饮食因素几个方面进行了分析。结果小学生随着年级增加,近视的患病率升高;环境因素对近视的患病率影响较大,且近视与遗传和饮食有关。结论对于小学生的近视学校及家长应引起高度重视,从各方面对小学生进行用眼指导及保护,以最大限度地降低小学生的近视发病率。     

新型冠状病毒感染疫情前后杭州市小学生近视状况调查分析

目的通过收集杭州市小学生在新型冠状病毒感染疫情前后的视力筛查数据,分析小学生连续4年的近视患病率变化情况。方法使用分层抽样的方法纳入杭州市21所小学一至六年级（6至13岁）完成视力筛查的34474名学生（68948眼）。统计2019年至2022年小学生近视患病率并比较2020年与其他年份近视患病率的差异性。计算连续4年等效球镜值并按照性别及年龄分组观察其变化趋势。结果2019年至2020年,儿童近视患病率大幅增加,其中一年级27.2%比44.5%,二年级40.1%比53.1%,三年级56.5%比66.0%,四年级62.2%比75.9%,五年级75.4%比83.6%,六年级80.4%比88.4%。经杭州市儿童近视防控策略的实施,2020年至2022年所有年级组的近视患病率均明显缓和。一年级和二年级2019年至2022年整体近视变化幅度较大（均P＜0.01）,五年级和六年级整体近视变化幅度较小。年级越高,近视程度越深。右眼比左眼更容易发生近视。女生相比男生的近视发展速度更快。结论疫情结束后儿童近视情况有所缓和,这可能与户外运动时间的增加等相关环境影响因素有关。小学生处于生长发育及用眼习惯的关键时期,通过学校近视筛查工作可及时发现小学生近视及高度近视的发生,从而为小学生近视防控工作提供科学依据。     

3145名小学生近视现况调查

目的了解郴州地区桂阳县小学生近视现况以及相关影响因素,为制订预防近视相关措施提供参考依据。方法对桂阳县某小学3145名学生进行远近视力普查。结果小学生近视患病率为13.23%。女生近视率(16.59%)高于男生(10.76%),差异有显著性(P0.01);高年级学生近视率高于低年级学生,差异有显著性(P0.01)(一年级近视率为7.23%,二年级近视率为7.80%,三年级近视率为10.25%,四年级近视率为12.63%,五年级近视率为19.04%,六年级近视率为25.73%)。结论学习任务重是近视影响因素之一,男生和低年级学生是保护因素。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.