犬乳腺肿瘤病理组织学观察及ER PR C-erbB-2的表达分析

通过对20例犬乳腺肿瘤进行病理组织学观察、免疫组织化学染色,探讨犬乳腺肿瘤病理形态学特点,ER、PR、Cerb B-2表达与乳腺肿瘤的关系。结果显示,20例犬乳腺肿瘤,70%为恶性肿瘤,其中良性肿瘤有导管内乳头状瘤和纤维性瘤,恶性肿瘤有浸润性导管癌,单纯癌,小叶原位癌,癌肉瘤,腺癌,恶性肿瘤发病率高于良性肿瘤。免疫组化结果显示-ER、PR在良性肿瘤的表达率均高于恶性肿瘤,P<0.05,差异显著;C-erb B-2在恶性肿瘤中的表达高于良性肿瘤,P<0.05,差异显著。提示,犬乳腺肿瘤恶性肿瘤发病率较高,ER、PR、C-erb B-2对犬乳腺肿瘤发病中的诊断、治疗及预后有重要意义。     

24例20种犬肿瘤的病理组织学观察

对犬的皮脂腺瘤、肛周腺腺瘤、肛周腺癌、毛基质瘤、间叶性软骨肉瘤、腺样型基底细胞上皮瘤、囊样型基底细胞上皮瘤、水母样型基底细胞上皮瘤、混合型基底细胞上皮瘤、基底鳞状细胞上皮瘤、甲状腺腺瘤、肥大细胞瘤、组织细胞瘤、乳腺良性混合瘤(软骨腺瘤)、乳腺良性混合瘤(肌上皮腺瘤)、恶性肌上皮细胞瘤、乳腺恶性混合瘤(癌肉瘤)、汗腺囊性增生、汗腺腺瘤、汗腺癌等20种24例肿瘤(良性肿瘤14种,恶性肿瘤6种)作了详细的病理组织学描述。     

犬常见肿瘤流行病学调查及组织病理学诊断

为探讨犬常见肿瘤的发病规律，试验收集哈尔滨地区2016-2017年宠物医院部分犬肿瘤病例71例，采用组织病理学方法对犬肿瘤进行病理学诊断，并对患病动物的品种、性别、年龄、发生部位和饮食情况与肿瘤发生关系进行统计分析。结果显示，71例确诊肿瘤病例中，恶性肿瘤28例，包括鳞状上皮细胞癌3例，基底细胞癌5例，乳腺癌14例，淋巴瘤2例，肾母细胞瘤、精原细胞癌、生殖细胞癌、侵袭性血管黏液瘤各1例；良性肿瘤43例，包括良性乳腺肿瘤15例，纤维瘤10例，平滑肌瘤5例，乳头状瘤和精原细胞瘤各3例，造釉细胞瘤、耵聍腺瘤、脂肪瘤、结节样增生、性索间质细胞瘤、颗粒细胞瘤、肛周腺瘤各1例。上述病例中，乳腺和皮肤是犬肿瘤的高发部位，分别占全部患犬的40.8%和34.0%；患病犬年龄1~16岁不等，平均发病年龄为9.1岁，7岁以后是肿瘤的高发期，中老年犬仍为主要发病群体，但低龄犬发病数量上升；各品种犬均可发生肿瘤，其中杂种犬发病率最高，其次是贵宾犬和京巴犬，且主要为乳腺肿瘤；饮食习惯主要以剩饭剩菜类和肉拌饭类为主，分别占患犬总数的39%和30%；部分肿瘤类型与犬的性别、是否绝育有关，如乳腺肿瘤多发生于未绝育的老年母犬。本研究结果为犬肿瘤的流行病学及诊断提供了参考依据，对犬肿瘤的预防和诊断有一定的借鉴意义。     

犬常见肿瘤流行病学调查及组织病理学诊断

为探讨犬常见肿瘤的发病规律,试验收集哈尔滨地区2016—2017年宠物医院部分犬肿瘤病例71例,采用组织病理学方法对犬肿瘤进行病理学诊断,并对患病动物的品种、性别、年龄、发生部位和饮食情况与肿瘤发生关系进行统计分析。结果显示,71例确诊肿瘤病例中,恶性肿瘤28例,包括鳞状上皮细胞癌3例,基底细胞癌5例,乳腺癌14例,淋巴瘤2例,肾母细胞瘤、精原细胞癌、生殖细胞癌、侵袭性血管黏液瘤各1例;良性肿瘤43例,包括良性乳腺肿瘤15例,纤维瘤10例,平滑肌瘤5例,乳头状瘤和精原细胞瘤各3例,造釉细胞瘤、耵聍腺瘤、脂肪瘤、结节样增生、性索间质细胞瘤、颗粒细胞瘤、肛周腺瘤各1例。上述病例中,乳腺和皮肤是犬肿瘤的高发部位,分别占全部患犬的40.8%和34.0%;患病犬年龄1~16岁不等,平均发病年龄为9.1岁,7岁以后是肿瘤的高发期,中老年犬仍为主要发病群体,但低龄犬发病数量上升;各品种犬均可发生肿瘤,其中杂种犬发病率最高,其次是贵宾犬和京巴犬,且主要为乳腺肿瘤;饮食习惯主要以剩饭剩菜类和肉拌饭类为主,分别占患犬总数的39%和30%;部分肿瘤类型与犬的性别、是否绝育有关,如乳腺肿瘤多发生于未绝育的老年母犬。本研究结果为犬肿瘤的流行病学及诊断提供了参考依据,对犬肿瘤的预防和诊断有一定的借鉴意义。     

44例犬乳腺肿瘤的病理学分析及p53和HER-2的蛋白表达

为了对犬乳腺肿瘤分类,分析表皮生长因子受体-2(HER-2)与p53的过表达在肿瘤类型上的差异及影响,对所收集的犬乳腺肿瘤标本,进行石蜡切片、H.E.染色,划分肿瘤的病理类型,应用免疫组织化学法检测犬乳腺肿瘤中HER-2基因与p53基因的表达情况。结果 44例犬乳腺肿瘤病理组织切片中,共观察到纤维腺瘤、叶状肿瘤、导管乳头状瘤、浸润性导管癌、浸润性小叶癌(腺泡型)、小叶癌、黏液癌、髓样癌伴随淋巴细胞浸润、混合样癌9种类型;42例犬乳腺肿瘤的免疫组化结果中,HER-2在良性肿瘤中无表达,在恶性肿瘤中的表达率为38.9%,p53在犬乳腺肿瘤中的表达可达78.6%,而在恶性肿瘤中的表达率100%。结论 HER-2与p53的过表达有肿瘤类型的差异性。     

犬的乳腺肿瘤切除手术的体会

犬的乳腺肿瘤是犬生殖系统最常见的肿瘤，占生殖系统肿瘤的82％。有良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤之分。常发生于10～1l岁老年母犬，2岁以下的犬少发。纯种犬发病率高于杂种犬，无产仔犬高于产仔犬；肿瘤中恶性肿瘤约占40％，良性肿瘤主要有腺瘤、纤维腺瘤约占50％，此外肉瘤与混合瘤各占4％。乳腺肿瘤发生与激素有关，摘除后易复发或转移到其它脏器。治疗最佳方法是手术。结合本人实践要做好肿瘤切除几个要点，现报道如下：     

犬乳腺肿瘤的摘除手术

犬乳腺肿瘤是一般成年、老年雌性犬多发的一种疾病,包括乳腺原发性癌、肉瘤、癌肉瘤及良性肿瘤,其中良性混合性肿瘤,即纤维肉瘤最为多发,癌瘤少见。去年和今年我碰到三例良性肉瘤手术摘除,现将具体病例报告如下。     

犬乳腺复合型腺瘤的组织病理学观察

<正>犬乳腺肿瘤是兽医临床上常见的肿瘤疾病之一,在雌犬中属最易发生的肿瘤,其发病率约1.988‰[1]。乳腺肿瘤分为恶性乳腺肿瘤和良性乳腺肿瘤。良性乳腺肿瘤包括单纯性腺瘤、嗜碱性腺瘤、复合型腺瘤、良性混合瘤、纤维腺瘤、导管乳头状瘤等。犬乳腺肿瘤在其发病病因、肿瘤性质、药物及手术治疗以及预后等方面均与人类乳腺肿瘤较为相似[2]。笔者于2012年接收一例患乳腺肿物病犬,经     

犬乳腺肿瘤的摘除手术

犬乳腺肿瘤是一般成年、老年雌性犬多发的一种疾病，包括乳腺原发性癌、肉瘤、癌肉瘤及良性肿瘤，其中良性混合性肿瘤，即纤维肉瘤最为多发，癌瘤少见。去年和今年我碰到三例良性肉瘤手术摘除，现将具体病例报告如下。     

Ki-67在犬乳腺肿瘤的表达与分析

本试验通过免疫组化的方法,检测了从中国农业大学教学动物医院收集到的6个正常乳腺组织和135例乳腺肿瘤组织(良性30例,恶性105例)Ki-67的表达率。结果犬乳腺肿瘤组织中的Ki-67蛋白表达率明显高于正常乳腺组织(P0.05);犬恶性肿瘤组织中的Ki-67蛋白表达率明显高于良性肿瘤(P0.05)。表明Ki-67在恶性肿瘤里高表达,可以作为犬乳腺肿瘤疾病诊断的指标。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.