弹药装药贮存性能检测与可靠性分析

为研究弹药装药贮存安定性和使用可靠性，按时序对其进行抽样检测。根据检测结果，建立产品性能失效模型，并由此确定一种预测产品有效贮存期的方法。     

弹药熔铸装药水浴护理凝固控制技术

为提高弹药装药质量,提出采用水浴作为控制弹药装药凝固的环境介质。分析弹药装药凝固过程热量传 递效率的影响因素,利用仿真及工艺试验进行可行性分析与验证,并使用低粘度熔铸炸药及异形熔铸装药口模拟弹 药进行应用效果验证。验证结果表明：水浴护理能控制弹药装药自下而上凝固,提高装药密度、凝固速度、均匀性 和品质,改善熔铸装药颗粒沉降现象,有助于改进弹药毁伤性能及使用安全性。     

弹药装药质量机理研究

文中对含有材料装填缺陷所引起的弹药系统失效现象进行了实验验证．从提高弹药装药质量的角度．分析研究了某产品在两种不同条件下的装药对比实验结果，对实验结果的分析表明．在注装或塑态装药条件下，辅助于振动、粒度级配及纳米金属粉等综合技术途径．可获得高密度．致密均匀和低缺陷的药柱．能有效提高装药的能量利用率及终点毁伤效能。     

压装HMX基PBX老化损伤及力学环境适应性

研究弹药装药的长贮老化损伤及力学环境适应性,用计算机断层成像(CT扫描)观察了贮存4,8,12a的压制奥克托今(HMX)基高聚物粘结炸药(PBX)装药的宏观结构缺陷。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了贮存4,12a装药的细观损伤。运用冲击、振动实验考核了贮存12a装药的力学环境适应性。结果表明,长贮后出现PBX装药缺陷,表现为较为平直的沿径向贯穿、沿周向分布较为均匀的裂纹,裂纹数量随贮存年限增加而增加。装药缺陷的细观损伤模式为界面脱粘及基体开裂。带缺陷PBX装药弹药经受一定的冲击及振动载荷后,虽然增加了两处径向裂纹,但能够保证安全。     

电火工品单一温度下的贮存特性研究

为获得单一温度贮存环境下电火工品的失效模式,设计了两种电火工品在单一温度贮存环境下的加速寿命试验,并对试验结果进行了分析。结果表明,单一温度应力下电火工品主要的失效模式为药剂的缓慢分解,温度对换能元的影响不大。以单质药为主装药的火工品比以混合药为主装药的火工品更稳定,有更长的贮存寿命。在单一温度应力下,火工品的贮存寿命很长,通常不低于40年。     

一种弹药PBX装药的贮存老化机理及安全性

运用CT扫描了贮存4、8、12、16年高聚物粘结炸药(PBX)弹药装药结构,采用重量分析法,液体静力称量法和红外光谱分析了不同贮存年限装药的组成、密度及析出物,利用扫描电镜观察贮存4、12、16年弹药装药微观结构,测试弹药装药撞击感度。结果表明,装药逐渐出现裂纹、孔洞、空腔等老化现象,由固态变为粘稠态,并有硅橡胶析出;装药密度及组分中HMX含量由贮存4年时的1.56 g·cm-3、85%逐渐提高到16年时的1.66 g·cm-3、95%;装药断面由平整光滑逐渐变为凸凹不平。裂纹可能是因炸药颗粒与粘结剂发生脱离,内部微裂纹扩展引起,孔洞、空腔等老化现象可能是粘结剂大分子网状结构降解成环状小分子引起。老化使装药撞击感度由贮存4年时的8%逐渐提高到16年时的44%。     

通用弹药失效模式形成规律及其应用研究

文中系统地研究了通用弹药在研制、生产、勤务、贮存和使用过程中的失效模式形成规律及其应用方法，研究成果对预防和控制弹药失效的发生具有较强的指导意义。     

考虑删失数据时弹药贮存可靠性评估方法研究

目前，大多数评估方法没有考虑失效数据的删失性。对于弹药这种不维修产品，尤其是在贮存中何时失效，目前尚无法检测，因此通过考虑弹药贮存试验数据的删失性的可靠性评估方法，可以得到更加合理的评估结果。本文分析了弹药贮存数据的特点，介绍了删失数据的类型及其对应的似然函数，讨论了弹药贮存的三种不同寿命分布函数的似然方程，提出了无寿终数据和有寿终数据的估计方法，并分别通过实例进行了评估。     

X弹头B部件装药贮存寿命研究

用加速贮存试验得到X弹头B部件装药在高温条件下的失效时间，再利用最小二乘法和阿伦尼的斯公式推出该装药在常温下的贮存寿命，研究结果对X弹头的贮存和使用具有指导意义。     

一种基于Poisson过程的弹药贮存寿命评估方法

对于具有长期贮存、一次性使用的弹药来说,其贮存可靠性占有重要地位。依据弹药在贮存状态下的失效特点,应用Poisson过程理论建立弹药贮存寿命评估数学模型和统计分析方法,给出在一定置信度下弹药贮存寿命与可靠度之间的关系表达式。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.     

A Study on the Estimation of Aeroheating upon the Warhead Nose at Supersonic Speed

An expression for estimating the aeroheating on a warhead nose at different supersonic speeds is proposed by incorporating CFD （computational fluid dynamics） and the least-square method. Compared with the traditional estimation formula, the expression is more accurate, convenient and can be used in the optimized design of warheads. The error from the result obtained in the test of a ball cartridge flight is less than 3 %. It satisfies the engineering requirements.