合并危及生命的心律失常的变异型心绞痛患者临床特点

目的:探讨合并危及生命的心律失常的变异型心绞痛患者的临床特点并分析其预后,为该病的防治提供依据.方法:回顾性研究14例合并危及生命的心律失常的变异型心绞痛患者的临床特征,并随访其心脏事件.结果:变异型心绞痛合并危及生命的心律失常发生率为8.14%;诱发因素多为吸烟(92.86%)、ST段抬高的导联显示下壁缺血(92.86%);以心动过缓为主;3例患者出现2支冠状动脉先后发生痉挛(21.43%);冠状动脉造影检查示4例患者冠状动脉狭窄>50%,其中3例患者因痉挛相关的冠状动脉狭窄>80%并行介入治疗;随访的11例患者中1例猝死,1例出现2次心绞痛发作伴Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞.结论:冠状动脉痉挛所致的变异型心绞痛患者会发生危及生命的心律失常,且以高度房室传导阻滞为主.     

国人变异型心绞痛的临床特征及性别差异

目的:初步探讨国人中变异型心绞痛的临床特征及其性别差异。方法:回顾性分析2003-01至2009-12期间入住我院的312例自发的变异型心绞痛患者(未行激发试验)的临床资料,并对男女性别之间的临床特征进行比较,揭示性别之间的异同点。结果:变异型心绞痛好发于男性占87.8%(274/312),常见的危险因素包括吸烟、高血压、高脂血症;17.6%(55/312)的患者有过敏史;心绞痛发作时18.9%(59/312)的患者合并心律失常;造影发现有54.8%(155/283)的患者存在冠状动脉固定狭窄,7.1%(22/312)的患者合并冠状动脉肌桥。硝酸酯类、钙拮抗剂及支架置入术可以有效控制心绞痛的发作。与男性相比,女性变异型心绞痛患者中吸烟者比例低(10.5%vs 78.8%,P0.01),冠心病家族史比例高(31.6%vs11.3%,P0.01),室性心动过速(13.2%vs 3.6%,P0.05)及心室颤动(7.9%vs 1.8%,P0.05)发生的比例高。结论:变异型心绞痛为冠状动脉痉挛导致的心肌缺血,合并心律失常的比例较高,处理不及时可导致心肌梗死甚至猝死等严重情况。变异型心绞痛患者应常规接受冠状动脉造影,对于狭窄严重者应行支架置入术。与男性相比,女性变异型心绞痛患者中吸烟者比例较低,冠心病家族史比例较高,更容易出现室性心动过速及心室颤动等恶性心律失常。     

变异型心绞痛的临床特征和诊治分析

目的总结变异型心绞痛的临床特征和诊断治疗状况。方法回顾性分析我院连续住院172例变异型心绞痛患者的临床特征、诊断方法和治疗措施。结果患者平均年龄50.7±9.9岁(男:女=8.6),75%的患者有吸烟史。确诊所需时间中位数为2.5个月,确诊时间≥6个月占43%。22.1%患者伴发心律失常,以缓慢性心律失常为主。155例行冠状动脉造影检查,冠状动脉无显著狭窄74例(47.7%),单支、双支和三支病变分别为47例(30.3%)、24例(15.5%)和10例(6.5%)。138例有心绞痛发作时心电图并行冠状动脉造影,冠脉痉挛发生在造影显示完全正常的冠脉占49.3%,发生在具有显著狭窄病变(≥50%)的冠脉占39.9%,右冠脉易发生痉挛。56例(32.6%)行介入或冠状动脉搭桥治疗,158例(91.9%)联合硝酸酯类和钙拮抗剂治疗。结论变异型心绞痛仍是易忽视的疾病,约50%患者冠状动脉正常,右冠状动脉痉挛更常见,治疗以药物为主。     

变异型心绞痛的临床分析及治疗

目的:总结分析变异型心绞痛患者的临床特点及治疗方法。方法:回顾分析11例经心电图及Holl-ter检查明确变异型心绞痛患者的临床特征、冠状动脉造影及治疗随访结果。结果与结论:变异型心绞痛多发于男性患者,其中吸烟者占63.6%,并发高血压、糖尿病及脂代谢紊乱者分别占27.3.2'.2%,心电图变化于下壁导联占72.7%,冠状动脉造影正常者6例(54.5%),轻微病变者3例(27.3%),冠状动脉有严重狭窄并给予支架置入治疗者2例(18.2%)。经硝酸酯类、钙离子拮抗剂治疗均能有效预防再发,对于严重狭窄病变,介入治疗也是有效治疗手段。随访6~48个月,预后良好。     

冠状动脉轻中度狭窄病变合并痉挛的介入治疗12例分析

目的:观察冠状动脉内支架对物治疗效果不佳的变异型心绞痛患者的临床效果.方法:35例明确诊断为变异型心绞痛患者,均口服钙离子拮抗剂,硝酸脂类调脂类药物,并行冠状动脉造影术及血管内超声(IVUS).其中12例药物治疗效果不佳的患者行冠状动脉内支架术.术后随访1～3年,6～9个月时复查冠状动脉造影.结果:冠状动脉造影显示35例患者中3例未见明显狭窄,32例有32%～75%的固定狭窄.12例物治疗效果不佳的患者根据发病时心电图,结合冠状动脉造影及IVUS判断9例痉挛在右冠状动脉,痉挛部位2例在近段,5例在中段,1例在远段,近段合并远段1例,固定狭窄40%～75%;3例痉挛在左前降支,痉挛部位在近段,2例在中段,固定狭窄50%～75%.犯罪病变多为边缘不光滑,呈偏心稳定的纤维性斑块,伴血管正性重构.12例患者相应冠状动脉成功置入(3.0～405)mm×(16～36)mm药物涂层支架,完全覆盖病变.术后随访1～3年,1例患者仍有胸痛发作;2例患者偶有胸痛,但程度及持续时间较术前明显减轻;9例患者无明显症状.6～9个月时复查冠状动脉造影显示11例患者支架段有轻度内膜增生,未见再狭窄;1例患者支架内50%～60%再狭窄,但仅偶有胸痛症状;其他部位无明显变化.结论:正规合理的物治疗对多数变异型心绞痛患者有效,但对少数药物治疗效果不佳的变异型心绞痛患者,可考虑行冠状动脉内支架术,近期效果良好.     

变异型心绞痛患者动态心电图ST段抬高与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的观察变异型心绞痛患者12导联24h动态心电图ST段改变与冠状动脉造影提示冠状动脉狭窄的相关性。方法对25例动态心电图显示ST段抬高的变异型心绞痛患者进行冠状动脉造影检查,将两者结果进行对比分析。结果 25例动态心电图发现与症状相关的ST段抬高的患者中,17例患者68%冠状动脉造影证实存在>50%冠状动脉狭窄动态心电图判断的痉挛血管、LAD20例、LCX2例,RCA4例,其中1例LAD及RCA同时发生。其中动态心电图提示LAD痉挛的20例患者,8例未见冠状动脉存在>50%以上狭窄。对于7例双支或多支病变者,仅有1例动态心电图诊断与CAG结果完全符合。结论动态心电图ST段改变对变异性心绞痛诊断有重要价值,此类患者常合并有冠状动脉病变,以LAD最多见。     

女性变异型心绞痛患者的临床特点

目的探讨变异型心绞痛中女性患者的临床特点及冠状动脉造影表现。方法回顾性分析185例接受冠状动脉造影的变异型心绞痛患者的临床资料,比较女性与男性在危险因素、临床表现、冠状动脉造影等方面的异同点。结果变异型心绞痛患者中女性所占比例较低(13.0%),与男性患者相比,吸烟者比例较少(12.5%VS81.4%,P0.001),冠心病家族史比例较高(33.3%VS11.2%,P0.01),其它危险因素与男性相比无明显差异,女性患者更易发生室颤(12.5%VS2.5%,P0.05)。结论国内变异型心绞痛患者中女性吸烟者比例低于男性,冠心病家族史及室颤发生率高于男性,其它临床表现及冠状动脉造影特点与男性相似。     

变异型心绞痛临床治疗一例

变异型心绞痛又称血管痉挛性心绞痛,由冠状动脉一过性痉挛收缩引起,心电图 ST段可抬高或压低,可伴有心律失常。本文报道一例变异型心绞痛患者静息、发作及 PCI 术后心电图改变及其临床诊治过程。     

血管内超声对变异型心绞痛患者冠状动脉病变特征的研究

目的:探讨血管内超声对变异型心绞痛患者冠状动脉病变特征。方法:变异型心绞痛患者10例,稳定型心绞痛患者13例。对每例患者行冠状动脉造影及血管内超声检查。对病变斑块的性质、形态、部位、血管管腔面积狭窄程度、血管重构指数等指标进行分析。结果:变异型心绞痛组与稳定型心绞痛组最小斑块厚度、斑块偏心指数、局部面积狭窄率、管腔面积狭窄率指标差异有统计学意义。IVUS检测血管重构指数、正性重构、负性重构在2组差异有统计学意义。结论:变异型心绞痛患者冠状动脉血管内目标斑块以偏心性纤维化斑块为主,血管管腔面积狭窄程度以轻中度狭窄为主,血管重构以正性重构为主。变异型心绞痛患者冠状动脉有粥样硬化斑块的形成,管腔有不同程度的狭窄。     

冠状动脉痉挛变异型心绞痛发作与预后的多因素分析

目的 探讨冠状动脉痉挛变异型心绞痛发作与预后的影响因素。方法 回顾分析2000年1月—2017年12月山西医科大学第一医院心内科确诊为变异型心绞痛病人73例,依冠状动脉造影和心电图结果分为狭窄组与无狭窄组,并根据随访结果分为无不良事件组与不良事件组,收集相关资料,分析研究影响变异型心绞痛病人发作与预后的相关因素。结果 73例病人完成随访64例(87.7%),失访9例(12.3%);无冠状动脉狭窄49例,冠状动脉狭窄24例;未发生主要不良心血管事件(MACE)40例,发生MACE事件24例。男性、吸烟、饮酒、既往合并高脂血症者易发生血管痉挛;狭窄组年龄、吸烟比例、家族史比例、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]高于无狭窄组(P<0.05);不良事件组年龄、男性比例、家族史比例、吸烟比例、冠状动脉狭窄比例、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、TC、Lp(a)高于无不良事件组(P<0.05);二元Logistic回归分析结果显示:吸烟、高胆固醇、长期服用硝酸酯类药物是冠状动脉痉挛变异型心绞痛病人发生心血管不良事件的独立危险因素。结论 年老、有吸烟史、有心血管家族史、高三酰甘油、高胆固醇、高Lp(a)者易出现冠状动脉狭窄;年老、男性、有心血管病家族史、吸烟、高胆固醇、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、冠状动脉管腔有狭窄者易发生不良事件。变异型心绞痛病人应积极改善生活方式(如戒烟、限酒等)、调脂,减少服用硝酸酯类药物,以减少不良事件发生,改善病人预后。     

Coronary Artery Spasm: Use of Ergonovine in Diagnosis *

Summary: Coronary artery spasm: Use of ergo ovine in diagnosis. S. B. Freedman, R. F. Dunn, L. Bernstein, D. R. Richmond, G. O'Neill and D. T. Kelly, Aust. N.Z. J . Med., 1 980, 10 , pp. 6–11.
Ergo ovine male ate was administered to 69 patients with chest pain but without significant coronary artery disease (<70% luminal diameter obstruction) to determine whether coronary artery spasm could be provoked. Coronary artery spasm was seen at angiography, or inferred from ECG or thallium myocardial perfusion scan changes. The test was positive in 76 patients: all five patients with documented variant angina (Group A); ten of the 19 patients with suspected variant angina (Group 6); one of the 11 patients with exercise-induced chest pain (Group C); and none of the 34 patients with atypical chest pain (Group D). Patients with a positive test usually smoked, complained of recurrent nocturnal or early morning chest pain, showed ST changes during spontaneous chest pain and had minor degrees of fixed coronary obstruction (30–70%), when compared to those with a negative test. The only major side effect of the test was transient ventricular tachycardia which occurred in three patients and was reverted by sublingual and paranormal nitroglycerine.     

Diagnosis of coronary vasospasm in patients with clinical presentation of unstable angina pectoris using ergonovine echocardiography

Although coronary vasospasm can contribute to the development of unstable angina, the definite diagnostic method has not been established. The purpose of this study was to determine if ergonovine echocardiography (detection of regional wall motion abnormality during bedside ergonovine challenge) after angiographic confirmation of insignificant fixed disease would be useful and safe in detecting coronary vasospasm in patients with unstable angina. After control of chest pain with medications in patients admitted to the coronary care unit under the tentative diagnosis of unstable angina, diagnostic coronary angiography was performed. All patients with normal or insignificant fixed disease underwent ergonovine echocardiography after discontinuation of medications for 4 ± 1 days. Among 208 consecutive patients enrolled for this study, 75% (156 of 208) showed significant fixed disease in the angiography. Ergonovine echocardiography was performed in 52 patients with insignificant disease, and coronary vasospasm was documented in 33 (63%, 33 of 52). No serious procedure-related arrhythmia or myocardial infarction occurred. Esophageal motility disorder and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were diagnosed in 6 and 3 patients, respectively. Chest pain of undetermined etiology was the final diagnosis at discharge in 10 patients (5%, 10 of 208); among them chest pain redeveloped in 2 patients, and repeated ergonovine echocardiography revealed positive results. Our data suggest that among patients with the clinical presentation of unstable angina, coronary vasospasm is the main cause of myocardial ischemia in a considerable number of patients with a normal or near-normal angiogram, and ergonovine echocardiography after confirmation of absence of significant fixed disease is useful and safe for noninvasive diagnosis of coronary vasospasm in this setting.     

Ergonovine maleate provocative test for coronary arterial spasm

Ergonovine maleate was evaluated as a provocative agent for inducing coronary spasm during coronary arteriography. The study group consisted of 98 patients with either mild fixed obstructions of coronary luminal diameter (less than 50 percent) or normal coronary arteriograms. The test was considered positive if the drug precipitated severe coronary spasm. A positive ergonovine test occurred in 10 of 11 patients with Prinzmetal's variant angina (P < 0.02). Two of these patients had a transmural myocardial infarction in the distribution of the spastic artery. Ergonovine tests were negative in (1) the 15 control patients with no clinically suspected coronary artery disease (P < 0.001), (2) 63 of 66 patients with angina-like chest pain (P < 0.001), and (3) all 6 patients with myocardial infarction and no history of Prinzmetal's variant angina (P < 0.05). No major complications occurred as a result of this test.Thus, ergonovine maleate test is a safe, sensitive and specific method for reproducing coronary spasm in patients with Prinzmetal's variant angina and no major coronary obstructions. The results suggest that coronary spasm can be implicated as a cause of myocardial infarction in patients with normal coronary arteriograms who also have Prinzmetal's variant angina. Coronary spasm was not demonstrated in patients who had normal coronary arteriograms and a history of myocardial infarction as an isolated clinical event. Also, coronary spasm could not be demonstrated in the majority of patients who had angina-like chest pain and no major coronary obstruction.     

Ergonovine testing in a coronary care unit

This study describes the results of ergonovine testing in 100 consecutive patients who underwent this procedure in a coronary care unit. All patients had recently undergone coronary arteriography. A bolus injection of ergonovine was administered at 5 minute intervals in the following doses (mg): 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4. The criterion for a positive test was the appearance of S-T elevation greater than 1 mm. The test was positive in all 17 patients known to have variant angina and in 18 (40 percent) of 45 patients who had a history of chest pain judged strongly suggestive of variant angina but who had no electrocardiogram recorded during pain. Of 38 patients with a history of chest pain classified as not entirely typical of variant angina, only 1 (2.6 percent) had a positive test.Of the 64 patients with a negative ergonovine test, 47 had chest pain and 25 had nausea but none had more serious complications. Ventricular arrhythmia accompanied S-T elevation in 18 of the 36 patients with a positive test but occurred in only 4 of the 64 with a negative test (p < 0.0005). No patient needed treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs. Four of the 36 patients with a positive test had serious complications: severe translent hypotension (2 patients), recurrent episodes of angina with S-T elevation (1 patient) and a subendocardial infarction (1 patient). Thus, ergonovine testing is useful in patients with a typical clinical history of variant angina but without an electrocardiogram recorded during pain. in this study, a small but definite incidence of serious complications occurred during a positive test.     

Coronary Artery Spasm*

Summary: Coronary artery spasm. S. B. Freedman and D. R. Richmond. Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1980. 10 , pp. 69–72. Variant angina with ST elevation indicates transmural myocardial ischaemia and is due to spasm of a large epicardial coronary artery. Spasm occurs in arteries with varying degrees of fixed obstruction, giving rise to different clinical profiles of variant angina. However, coronary angiography is required to differentiate between those with minor coronary disease, and those with significant (>70%) obstruction. In patients with minor coronary disease or normal arteries, β-blockers are contraindicated, and treatment with calcium antagonist vasodilators should be commenced after documentation of spontaneous or ergo-novine induced spasm. Patients with significant fixed coronary obstructions require bypass grafting if technically feasible. The role of coronary spasm is not confined to variant angina, as it causes angina at rest with ST depression, and may also cause myocardial infarction and sudden death.     

Ventricular arrhythmias during unstable angina pectoris.

In order to study the occurrence and frequency of ischemia-induced ventricular arrhythmias, we analyzed 105 episodes of spontaneous angina pectoris occurring at rest in 28 hospitalized patients with unstable angina pectoris and proved coronary artery disease. Of 24 patients with serious ventricular arrhythmias during pain, 17 (57%) were arrhythmia-free during monitoring. In the other four patients, 17 of 29 (59%) pain episodes were associated with serious ventricular arrhythmias, and three of these four had serious ventricular arrhythmias during pain-free periods. Each patient tended to manifest the same type of arrhythmia during repeat episodes of pain. It appears that continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is important during the initial hospitalization of the patient with unstable angina. The presence of ventricular arrhythmias during pain-free periods indicates a high risk for serious ventricular arrhythmias during episodes of spontaneous pain. These patients should be considered for continued ECG monitoring and antiarrhythmic therapy.     

Dynamic coronary obstruction as a cause of angina pectoris: implications regarding therapy

The strong link demonstrated at autopsy between coronary atherosclerosis and angina pectoris led to the important concept that a fixed obstruction of 1 or more coronary arteries was the pathophysiologic cause of angina: myocardial ischemia and angina occurred when myocardial oxygen demand out-stripped the capacity of the diseased coronary artery to deliver oxygen. Therapeutic strategies were based on attempts to lower myocardial oxygen needs induced by physical and emotional stress. However, the finding that dynamic increases in coronary vascular resistance can also either precipitate ischemia or reduce the threshold of myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) at which it occurs has profoundly altered our understanding of the pathophysiologic features of angina and, therefore, its treatment. Dynamic coronary obstruction can occur at the large-vessel level, causing Prinzmetal's or variant angina. It is also possible that in some patients a continuum of large-vessel coronary vasoconstrictor tone exists, causing the common clinical situation manifested by angina with variable thresholds of onset. Recent studies have demonstrated that increases in the resistance offered to flow by small coronary arteries too small to be imaged by angiography can also decrease anginal threshold. The fact that ischemia can be precipitated by dynamic increases in large- or small-vessel coronary resistance has important implications for the therapy of angina pectoris. In those persons who mostly have a dynamic component contributing to their coronary obstruction, primary intervention with vasodilator therapy, including nitrates and calcium-channel blocking agents, are probably most effective therapeutically.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Natural history and prognosis of ischemic heart disease

Forty-four cases with myocardial rupture (33 with free wall rupture, 9 with interventricular septal perforation and 2 with papillary muscle rupture), all of which were ascertained by autopsy and/or at surgery, were analyzed. When the following 7 risk factors were actively managed in the acute stage of myocardial infarction, the incidence of myocardial rupture was significantly reduced: a) high blood pressure on admission, b) physical and emotional instability, c) recurrent chest pain, d) aged females, e) no history of angina or myocardial infarction, f) large myocardial infarction on ECG and g) the first 10 days after the attack of myocardial infarction. If cardiogenic shock occurs, surgery should be performed as soon as possible; if not, it should be delayed 3 weeks. The natural history of ischemic heart disease was analyzed in 400 medically-treated patients with significant coronary artery disease. They had been followed up continuously and periodically for more than one year. The prognosis of the patients with 3-vessel disease or left main trunk disease, those with poor left ventricular function (EF less than 30%) and of old age (greater than or equal to 60) and those who had a history of ischemic heart disease was poor. Follow-up study was done in 30 patients with variant angina. They often had life-threatening arrhythmias during attacks (8 ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, 8 serious bradyarrhythmia). All patients with variant angina should be treated medically at first, and only patients with organic coronary artery disease and chest pain on effort in spite of the medical treatment should be considered as candidates for AC bypass surgery.     

Clinical and angiographic features and prognostic significance of early postinfarction angina with and without electrocardiographic signs of transient ischemia

PURPOSE: The goal of the study was to characterize the clinical and angiographic characteristics and the prognostic significance of early postinfarction angina associated or unassociated with ST-T changes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four hundred forty-nine consecutive patients surviving an acute myocardial infarction and catheterized before hospital discharge were included. They were closely monitored in the coronary care unit and a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) was promptly obtained before the administration of nitroglycerin whenever chest pain suggestive of ischemia occurred. Complete follow-up information was obtained for all patients a mean of 14 +/- 8 months after the qualifying infarction. RESULTS: Early postinfarction angina occurred in 164 patients. Transient ST-T changes were documented during pain in 79 patients and were absent in 85. Compared with patients without postinfarction angina, patients with angina without ST-T changes were older and had a more frequent past history of angina (42% versus 28%, p = 0.01). They also more often had a non-Q-wave myocardial infarction with lower peak creatine kinase blood level elevation. At angiography, patients with angina had more extensive coronary artery disease (1.9 +/- 0.8 diseased vessels per patient versus 1.6 +/- 0.8, p less than 0.05) and more left ventricular segments at jeopardy by a significant coronary artery stenosis (1.5 +/- 1.1 versus 1.2 +/- 1.1, p less than 0.05). The presence of ST-T changes during chest pain was associated with a further increase in the severity of coronary artery disease (2.1 +/- 0.8 diseased vessels per patient, p less than 0.05) and with a less well-developed collateral circulation (18% versus 34% of patients, p = 0.01) that was more often compromised by a coronary artery stenosis (22% versus 8% of patients, p = 0.008). In-hospital infarct extension occurred in 2% of patients without angina, 3.5% of patients with angina without ECG changes, and 28% of patients with angina and ST-T changes (p less than 0.01). The 2-year survival was similar in the first two groups (90% and 96%), and poorer (83%, p = 0.02) in patients with ST-T changes. Survival rates without myocardial infarction were respectively 80%, 78%, and 67% (p less than 0.004). CONCLUSION: A gradient in the severity of coronary artery disease and in the extent of myocardium at jeopardy exists from patients with no postinfarction angina to patients with angina and to patients with angina accompanied by ECG signs of ischemia. The presence of ST-T changes during pain indicates a much less favorable clinical outcome.     

临床诊断急性冠状动脉综合征与冠状动脉造影的分析

目的　研究尽早做冠状动脉造影 (CAG)检查对临床初诊急性冠状动脉综合征 (ACS)患者正确诊断、病情判断的重要性。方法　对临床初诊ACS患者的CAG和心电图结果进行回顾性分析。结果　通过CAG检查检出非冠状动脉狭窄引起的胸痛占 2 1 0 3% ,心电图检出ACS患者冠状动脉病变阳性率为 78 5 % ,心电图前壁系统改变以左前降支及三支血管病变为主 ;下壁系统改变以右冠脉或右冠脉加回旋支及三支血管病变为主 ;前壁加下壁系统改变以左前降支加右冠脉或三支血管病变为主。初发劳累性心绞痛以单支、轻中度血管病变为主 ;恶化劳累性、自发性、混合性心绞痛以多支、中重度血管病变为主 ;急性Q波心肌梗死以单支、重度血管病变为主 ;非Q波心肌梗死以多支、重度血管病变为主。对这些患者早期介入治疗可减少心肌梗死及死亡发生 ,降低心绞痛复发危险 ,提高生活质量。结论　临床初诊ACS患者行CAG检查 ,为ACS患者正确诊断 ,病变血管部位、程度判定提供客观依据 ,为早期冠脉血运重建奠定基础。