DCPD和PET合成不饱和聚酯的研究

探讨了用双环戊二烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯废料合成不饱和聚酯树脂的方法：PET用二元醇醇解后，加入顺入烯二酸酐和DCPD，在80－120℃条件下滴加与DCPD等量的水进行反应，反应大约2.5h，加入其它成分，升温酯化直至反应完全。PET一定时，DCPD的含量影响不饱和聚酯同苯乙烯的互溶性和固化过程，DCPD和PET合成的不饱和聚酯树脂与标准树脂相比较，机械性能好，空干性好，解决了环境污染，具有很好的经济效益。     

松香酸改性对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂的研制

探讨了松香酸改性对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂的合成方法。在反应温度230-240℃条件下,将对苯二甲酸用二元醇酯化,酸值降到19±2 mgKOH/g时,投入顺酐,继续进行酯化反应;酸值降到60±2 mgKOH/g时,投入松香酸,在190-200℃的条件下,进行封端反应;酸值再次降到60±2 mgKOH／g时,升温并抽真空直到反应完全。松香酸的含量影响对苯型不饱和聚酯与苯乙烯的相容性和活性。与双环戊二烯改性的对苯型树脂相比,松香酸改性的对苯型树脂活性高;与通用型树脂相比,松香酸改性的对苯型树脂力学性能好,耐热和耐腐蚀性强。     

油改性涂料用双环戊二烯型不饱和聚酯树脂的合成及应用研究

介绍了油改性双环戊二烯(DCPD)型涂料用不饱和聚酯树脂的合成工艺以及调漆性能测试。试验结果表明,油与多元醇在210～220℃下先醇解,然后与顺酐反应形成半酯,剩余顺酐水解成顺丁烯二酸,然后与DCPD加成,合成的树脂具有优良的空干性;同时油的使用极大地提高了涂膜的柔韧性和抗绿化性,得到的树脂性能上可满足涂料用不饱和聚酯树脂的要求。     

松香改性对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂的合成及性能

合成了松香封端改性对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂,研究了不同催化剂对转化率的影响,确定了最佳催化剂组成及用量。对比了改性前后对苯型以及通用邻苯型不饱和聚酯浇注体的物理力学性能、热性能和耐腐蚀性。结果表明:单丁基氧化锡和辛酸亚锡按1∶1质量比复合,用量为对苯二甲酸质量的0.5%时催化效果最佳。松香改性对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂在力学性能、耐酸碱腐蚀和耐水性方面均优于邻苯型树脂,较未改性对苯型不饱和聚酯树脂耐水、耐碱能力增强,与苯乙烯的相容性提高。     

油酸改性DCPD不饱和聚酯树脂的合成及其性能研究

采用工业级DCPD,研究了油酸改性DCPD不饱和聚酯树脂的合成工艺及制漆性能。试验结果表明:在树脂合成过程中加入5%~9%油酸,合成的树脂具有优良的气干性,而且柔韧性和防绿化性大为提高,满足涂料用不饱和树脂的要求。     

由工业级双环戊二烯制备浅色不饱和聚酯树脂

以工业级双环戊二烯(DCPD,纯度75%~85%)为原料,采用滴加顺丁烯二酸酐(MA)法制备浅色(Gardner色度<3)的DCPD改性不饱和聚酯树脂(UPR)。并就2种不同工艺合成的DCPD不饱和聚酯树脂的性能作了对比。     

浅谈双环戊二烯改性不饱和聚酯树脂的生产工艺

采用双环戊二烯改性不饱和聚酯树脂,使得不饱和聚酯树脂具有很多独特的优异性能。主要介绍以双环戊二烯与顺丁烯二酸酐合成双环戊二烯马来酸单酯为基础,经进一步扩链（加入多元醇酯化）之后得到不饱和聚酯树脂的合成过程。剖析了生产设备、生产工艺流程。     

不饱和聚酯树脂的气干性改性及其腻子的制备

以DCPD（双环戊二烯）和TMPDE（三羟甲基丙烷二烯丙基醚）作为不饱和聚酯树脂的气干改性剂,并用合成的树脂制备不饱和聚酯腻子。对不饱和聚酯树脂的改性工艺进行了比较和选择,对不饱和聚酯腻子的影响因素进行了评价。     

双环戊二烯型耐热不饱和聚酯树脂的研究

采用水解加成法合成双环戊二烯 (DCPD)型耐热不饱和聚酯树脂 ,研究了各种原料用量对产品性能的影响。当n(不饱和二元酸酐 )∶n(酯化DCPD)∶n(加成DCPD)∶n (二元醇 )为 2 0 0∶1 10∶0 10∶1 6 3时 ,获得树脂粘度低、浇铸体硬度大、固含量高、吸水率低的耐热性树脂。     

S－718韧性不饱和聚酯树脂的合成与性能

本文介绍了Ｓ－７１８韧性不饱和聚酯树脂的合成与性能。在常温下该树脂可加入到邻苯型．间苯型、新戊二醇型不饱和聚酯树脂中，亦可加入到胶衣树脂中，从而提高制品的抗冲击性能和断裂延伸率。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.