可重构制造系统的组态设计研究

针对可重构制造系统（RMS）的组态设计问题,以现有的制造资源为基础,分析了RMS中机床设备与加工成本的组成要素,构建了RMS的生产周期成本模型.引入图论的方法,构建了RMS在生产周期组态的有向网络图,从而可把k-优组态转化为在有向网络图中求解k最短路径问题,运用DoubleSweep算法与反向追踪法分别搜索有向网络图的k-优生产周期成本及其对应的k-优组态.最后,用仿真实例验证了方法的有效性.     

序列任务下的重构方案组合优化技术研究

针对单元制造系统的长期稳定运行和提高可实施性的问题，提出了一种采用遗传算法的解决方案。在将企业长期计划分解成多个阶段序列任务的基础上，考虑零件加工工艺、设备加工能力、任务交货期等约束，以最低生产成本、最快完工时间、最佳生产线利用率等优化目标为指导，采用遗传算法对不同时间节点下的制造单元重构方案进行组合优化，实现了制造系统的快速合理重构，导出了设备集合和瓶颈解决方案。最后，通过实例验证了算法的有效性。     

柴油机电控喷油系统虚拟制造的研究

在集成统一的环境下,应用虚拟现实技术,人工智能技术和工程数据库技术等,运用虚拟制造的理论,建立了电控喷油系统虚拟制造的框架,提出了其主模型技术和综合可视化技术等关键技术并进行了研究,电控喷油系统虚拟制造的原型系统已部分实现。     

可重构制造系统及其关键技术

文章首先对制造系统的发展历程进行了叙述,分析了专用制造系统、柔性制造系统和可重构制造系统产生的历史背景以及专用制造系统、柔性制造系统在目前的环境中存在的弊端,可重构制造系统产生的必然性,接着阐明了可重构制造系统的可变性、模块化、集成性、可诊断性等特点,从设备层论述了机床功能模块合理划分、模块之间机械界面的标准化、机床可移动性研究和基于软构件的设备层控制系统等关键技术,从系统层论述了可重构制造系统的建模、制造系统可重构布局研究、车间层控制结构的研究、为缩短斜升时间的故障诊断和过程监控等关键技术,最后对可重构制造系统的发展进行了预测.     

基于瓶颈制造的生产能力提升的研究与应用

生产过程的相对平衡是所有企业都想达到的目标,然而长期相对平衡的生产过程会掩盖企业运营过程中产生的矛盾,制约企业规模的进一步扩大.在约束理论(TOC)的基础上,针对长期相对平衡且急于突破的生产系统,提出了一种主动制造生产瓶颈的生产能力提升方法,引入了生产系统模糊关系矩阵方法.最终在粉末冶金零部件制造企业的实践中验证了生产系统在生产瓶颈制造与生产瓶颈消除的往复循环中能够实现生产能力的提升,并同样适用于整个企业的运营系统.     

面向制造系统的可视化仿真技术研究

制造系统是一个复杂的离散事件系统,企业为了获得经济效益,必须对其进行有效的规划和管理.采用可视化仿真的方法来研究制造系统可以提前获知系统的综合性能并能对其进行科学地评价与优化.文章以制造系统为对象,系统地研究了可视化仿真的内涵、创建可视化仿真系统的三个关键要素和开发该系统的基本流程.最后,分别采用排队网络模型、事件调度法和画擦法对一个普通机械加工系统进行了可视化仿真研究.在VB环境下,开发出了面向该加工车间的可视化仿真软件系统,通过在可视化界面中调整设备配给数量,经多次仿真找出了该系统的瓶颈环节.从而用实例证明了可视化仿真技术对有效规划和管理制造系统的有效性.     

覆盖件模具网络化制造中的产品信息约束网络研究

覆盖件及其模具、模具各零部件之间存在的约束关系构成了网络化制造联盟中企业协作的基础.首先研究了覆盖件及其模具之间的约束,在装配结构模型中增加约束对象来描述覆盖件及其模具、组成模具的零部件之间的约束关系,建立了面向网络化制造联盟的覆盖件模具产品信息约束网络,并实现了基于消息机制的约束传播,有效地保证了联盟中产品信息的一致性.     

基于分布式结构的制造系统信息集成技术研究

在制造系统运行过程中,底层模块会产生大量的现场信息。随着对网络化制造技术的深入研究和实施,有必要对现场信息加以管理和利用,所以需要开放的分布式软件平台将这些信息进行集成。为此,利用DNC、局域网及互联网的成熟技术,提出了一种基于分布式结构的制造系统信息集成框架,并根据该框架设计了对应的分布式信息处理平台。最后,根据上述研究方法在.NET环境下建立的一种B/S模式的制造系统信息集成模型。     

网络化制造模式下的设备维护与故障诊断研究

首先分析了传统制造模式下的设备维护与故障诊断特点，继而深入分析了网络化制造环境下设备维护与故障诊断所面临问题，提出了设备维护与故障诊断公共服务平台系统的解决方案，并建立了设备维护与故障诊断信息模型，为以后的进一步研究奠定了基础。     

基于灵捷制造哲理的分散网络化制造系统重组研究

针对我国机械制造业的技术现状,基于灵捷制造哲理的分散网络化生产系统,提出通过信息高速公路和信息集成,建立网上制造系统,使其能够快速,高效地利用异地制造资源,经过重组后能够快速响应市场的变化。文中基于物流管理技术和规则,采用仿真技术建立计算机辅助车间生产与作用计划系统,通过网络实现生产过程动态调度与制造系统重组,以人为核心实现人、管理、技术的有机集成。因此,能够增强企业适应产品市场多变的能力,并满足     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.