共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
The objective measurement of blocking artifacts plays an important role in the design, optimization, and assessment of image
and video compression. In this paper, we propose a novel measurement algorithm for blocking artifacts. Computer simulation
results indicate that the proposed method accurately measures the blocking artifacts without using the original image. Moreover,
the proposed algorithm can be easily implemented in both pixel and DCT domains.
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2.
This paper proposes a framework to aid video analysts in detecting suspicious activity within the tremendous amounts of video
data that exists in today’s world of omnipresent surveillance video. Ideas and techniques for closing the semantic gap between
low-level machine readable features of video data and high-level events seen by a human observer are discussed. An evaluation
of the event classification and detection technique is presented and a future experiment to refine this technique is proposed.
These experiments are used as a lead to a discussion on the most optimal machine learning algorithm to learn the event representation
scheme proposed in this paper.
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3.
We present an enhancement towards adaptive video training for PhoneGuide, a digital museum guidance system for ordinary camera-equipped
mobile phones. It enables museum visitors to identify exhibits by capturing photos of them. In this article, a combined solution
of object recognition and pervasive tracking is extended to a client–server-system for improving data acquisition and for
supporting scale-invariant object recognition. A static as well as a dynamic training technique are presented that preprocess
the collected object data differently and apply two types of neural networks (NN) for classification. Furthermore, the system
enables a temporal adaptation for ensuring a continuous data acquisition to improve the recognition rate over time. A formal
field experiment reveals current recognition rates and indicates the practicability of both methods under realistic conditions
in a museum.
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4.
The use of omni-directional cameras has become increasingly popular in vision systems for video surveillance and autonomous
robot navigation. However, to date most of the research relating to omni-directional cameras has focussed on the design of
the camera or the way in which to project the omni-directional image to a panoramic view rather than the processing of such
images after capture. Typically images obtained from omni-directional cameras are transformed to sparse panoramic images that
are interpolated to obtain a complete panoramic view prior to low level image processing. This interpolation presents a significant
computational overhead with respect to real-time vision.
We present an efficient design procedure for space variant feature extraction operators that can be applied to a sparse panoramic
image and directly processes this sparse image. This paper highlights the reduction of the computational overheads of directly
processing images arising from omni-directional cameras through efficient coding and storage, whilst retaining accuracy sufficient
for application to real-time robot vision.
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5.
The Stanford Event Heap has been shown to provide appropriate support for constructing interactive workspace applications.
Given this success it is natural to consider the Event Heap as a platform to support other classes of Ubiquitous Computing
applications. In this paper we argue that the distributed, spontaneous nature of these applications places additional demands
on the Event Heap that require extensions to both the engineering and API. Suitable extensions are described and their use
to support a typical Ubicomp application is discussed.
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6.
This paper describes the simulated car racing competition that was arranged as part of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary
Computation. Both the game that was used as the domain for the competition, the controllers submitted as entries to the competition
and its results are presented. With this paper, we hope to provide some insight into the efficacy of various computational
intelligence methods on a well-defined game task, as well as an example of one way of running a competition. In the process,
we provide a set of reference results for those who wish to use the simplerace game to benchmark their own algorithms. The paper is co-authored by the organizers and participants of the competition.
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8.
We define a new birth and death dynamics dealing with configurations of disks in the plane. We prove the convergence of the
continuous process and propose a discrete scheme converging to the continuous case. This framework is developed to address
image processing problems consisting in detecting a configuration of objects from a digital image. The derived algorithm is
applied for tree crown extraction and bird detection from aerial images. The performance of this approach is shown on real
data.
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9.
The paper presents a real-time algorithm that compensates image distortions due to atmospheric turbulence in video sequences,
while keeping the real moving objects in the video unharmed. The algorithm involves (1) generation of a “reference” frame,
(2) estimation, for each incoming video frame, of a local image displacement map with respect to the reference frame, (3)
segmentation of the displacement map into two classes: stationary and moving objects; (4) turbulence compensation of stationary
objects. Experiments with both simulated and real-life sequences have shown that the restored videos, generated in real-time
using standard computer hardware, exhibit excellent stability for stationary objects while retaining real motion.
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10.
Quantitative usability requirements are a critical but challenging, and hence an often neglected aspect of a usability engineering process. A case study is described where quantitative usability requirements played a key role in the development of a new user interface of a mobile phone. Within the practical constraints of the project, existing methods for determining usability requirements and evaluating the extent to which these are met, could not be applied as such, therefore tailored methods had to be developed. These methods and their applications are discussed. 相似文献
11.
Remotely sensed hyperspectral imagery has many important applications since its high-spectral resolution enables more accurate
object detection and classification. To support immediate decision-making in critical circumstances, real-time onboard implementation
is greatly desired. This paper investigates real-time implementation of several popular detection and classification algorithms
for image data with different formats. An effective approach to speeding up real-time implementation is proposed by using
a small portion of pixels in the evaluation of data statistics. An empirical rule of an appropriate percentage of pixels to
be used is investigated, which results in reduced computational complexity and simplified hardware implementation. An overall
system architecture is also provided.
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12.
The complexity of group dynamics occurring in small group interactions often hinders the performance of teams. The availability
of rich multimodal information about what is going on during the meeting makes it possible to explore the possibility of providing
support to dysfunctional teams from facilitation to training sessions addressing both the individuals and the group as a whole.
A necessary step in this direction is that of capturing and understanding group dynamics. In this paper, we discuss a particular
scenario, in which meeting participants receive multimedia feedback on their relational behaviour, as a first step towards
increasing self-awareness. We describe the background and the motivation for a coding scheme for annotating meeting recordings
partially inspired by the Bales’ Interaction Process Analysis. This coding scheme was aimed at identifying suitable observable
behavioural sequences. The study is complemented with an experimental investigation on the acceptability of such a service.
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13.
Listening to music on personal, digital devices whilst mobile is an enjoyable, everyday activity. We explore a scheme for
exploiting this practice to immerse listeners in navigation cues. Our prototype, ONTRACK, continuously adapts audio, modifying
the spatial balance and volume to lead listeners to their target destination. First we report on an initial lab-based evaluation
that demonstrated the approach’s efficacy: users were able to complete tasks within a reasonable time and their subjective
feedback was positive. Encouraged by these results we constructed a handheld prototype. Here, we discuss this implementation
and the results of field-trials. These indicate that even with a low-fidelity realisation of the concept, users can quite
effectively navigate complicated routes.
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14.
In this paper a unified learning framework for object detection and classification using nested cascades of boosted classifiers
is proposed. The most interesting aspect of this framework is the integration of powerful learning capabilities together with
effective training procedures, which allows building detection and classification systems with high accuracy, robustness,
processing speed, and training speed. The proposed framework allows us to build state of the art face detection, eyes detection,
and gender classification systems. The performance of these systems is validated and analyzed using standard face databases
(BioID, FERET and CMU-MIT), and a new face database (UCHFACE).
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16.
Awareness systems have attracted significant research interest for their potential to support interpersonal relationships.
Investigations of awareness systems for the domestic environment have suggested that such systems can help individuals stay
in touch with dear friends or family and provide affective benefits to their users. Our research provides empirical evidence
to refine and substantiate such suggestions. We report our experience with designing and evaluating the ASTRA awareness system,
for connecting households and mobile family members. We introduce the concept of connectedness and its measurement through
the Affective Benefits and Costs of communication questionnaire (ABC-Q). We inform results that testify the benefits of sharing
experiences at the moment they happen without interrupting potential receivers. Finally, we document the role that lightweight,
picture-based communication can play in the range of communication media available.
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17.
Fine grained reconfigurable architectures, like Xilinx field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) provide a high flexibility through
runtime re-programming, called dynamic and partial reconfiguration. This feature allows for runtime adaptation of the system
architecture and behavior configured on the FPGA. The exploitation of this feature enables to load video image processing
algorithms on-demand in order to adapt the configuration in correspondence to the changing requirements of the application
depending on the image content. For high resolution sensor images, this novel computing paradigm can provide a huge benefit
in power reduction and performance gain for actual and future embedded electronic systems. This paper presents a two dimensional
system approach exploiting dynamic and partial reconfiguration in order to adapt the system architecture to the actual requirements
of image processing applications. The methodology of runtime reconfiguration can be exploited beneficially for highly adaptive
multiprocessor systems. Such systems, different from the traditional static approach for multi- and many-core architectures
have the advantage, for providing computational performance directly linked to the requirements of the application. The architecture
presented in this paper allows for adapting the processing elements as well as the communication infrastructure which is a
novel 2D switch-based Network-on-Chip. The presented approach follows and extends the actual trend in computer science of
using many- and multi-core processors for bridging the gap between required computation performance for future application
in the field of image processing.
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18.
We present a real-time implementation of 2D to 3D video conversion using compressed video. In our method, compressed 2D video
is analyzed by extracting motion vectors. Using the motion vector maps, depth maps are built for each frame and the frames
are segmented to provide object-wise depth ordering. These data are then used to synthesize stereo pairs. 3D video synthesized
in this fashion can be viewed using any stereoscopic display. In our implementation, anaglyph projection was selected as the
3D visualization method, because it is mostly suited to standard displays.
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19.
We present a study of using camera-phones and visual-tags to access mobile services. Firstly, a user-experience study is described in which participants were both observed learning to interact with a prototype mobile service and interviewed
about their experiences. Secondly, a pointing-device task is presented in which quantitative data was gathered regarding the speed and accuracy with which participants aimed and clicked
on visual-tags using camera-phones. We found that participants’ attitudes to visual-tag-based applications were broadly positive,
although they had several important reservations about camera-phone technology more generally. Data from our pointing-device
task demonstrated that novice users were able to aim and click on visual-tags quickly (well under 3 s per pointing-device
trial on average) and accurately (almost all meeting our defined speed/accuracy tradeoff of 6% error-rate). Based on our findings,
design lessons for camera-phone and visual-tag applications are presented.
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20.
Research on hybrid bionic systems (HBSs) is still in its infancy but promising results have already been achieved in laboratories.
Experiments on humans and animals show that artificial devices can be controlled by neural signals. These results suggest
that HBS technologies can be employed to restore sensorimotor functionalities in disabled and elderly people. At the same
time, HBS research raises ethical concerns related to possible exogenous and endogenous limitations to human autonomy and
freedom. The analysis of these concerns requires reflecting on the availability of scientific models accounting for key aspects
of sensorimotor coordination and plastic adaptation mechanisms in the brain.
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