含氧化铝类废催化剂利用研究

含氧化铝类的废催化剂的危险废物热值低，灰分大，直接焚烧处理成本高，若是将其中的氧化铝转化为三氯化铝进行利用，进行PAC的生产，具有较大的社会和经济效益。研究了不同的废氧化铝催化剂的粒径及不同的Al₂O₃与HCl的摩尔比的废氧化铝催化剂中氧化铝的溶出效率、溶出的氧化铝能否制造合格的PAC成品及溶出氧化铝后的滤渣中和后能否直接填埋。实验表明：当粒径≤250目时，氧化铝的溶出率为95.85%;当该废催化剂Al₂O₃与盐酸的摩尔比为1∶1.2时溶出效率为96.25%;溶出的氧化铝可以生产PAC,且生产出的PAC符GB/T 22627—2022《水处理剂聚氯化铝》标准；滤渣经中和后符合GB 18598-2019 《危险废物填埋污染控制标准》,可以直接进行填埋。     

一种低钠氧化铝粉在化学品氧化铝生产中的应用优势

氧化铝是一种具有多种晶型的氧化物,其中α型氧化铝具有抗磨损、耐腐蚀、绝缘性好等优点,在电子陶瓷、耐火材料、磨料磨具等领域应用广泛。国内主要采用燧道窑、回转窑并通过添加矿化剂进行生产,存在能耗高、设备腐蚀等问题。本文以某厂生产的非冶金级低钠氧化铝为原料,应用于化学品氧化铝的生产后,通过对山东、河南地区非冶金级氧化铝下游企业生产工艺的考察以及市场的调研,并对这些企业以不同氧化钠含量的氧化铝为原料所生产的刚玉物理性能指标进行了对比,总结出该厂生产的氧化铝具有低钠、低铁、高白等优点,是生产板状刚玉、白刚玉、低钠高温α氧化铝等化学品氧化铝用的优质原料,具有普通冶金级氧化铝无法比拟的优势。     

微孔、介孔和大孔氧化铝膜的制备及其缓蚀剂担载性能的研究

以高纯铝为基体,用2次阳极恒直流阳极氧化的方法在磷酸-草酸混酸体系中制备出大孔氧化铝薄膜;以大孔氧化铝薄膜为基体,用中性弱阳离子溶液为介质在电化学工作站在3电极体系中氧化出介孔氧化铝薄膜;再在硫酸环境下用恒电压阳极氧化法制备出微孔薄膜。通过对3种不同孔径的氧化铝薄膜的形貌及成分进行表征,运用拉曼光谱比较三种不同孔径氧化铝薄膜对不同浓度硅烷缓蚀剂的吸附担载能力,以及电化学测试检验其担载不同浓度硅烷缓蚀剂后耐腐蚀能力,得出具有最强耐蚀能力时的氧化铝膜的最佳孔径和此时担载硅烷缓蚀剂的最佳浓度,电化学测试结果表明介孔薄膜的电化学阻抗可达10~7。     

净水剂用铝酸钙粉中氧化铝溶出率的测定

介绍生产净水剂聚合铝反所用原料中的氧化铝溶出率的测定方法，此法适合多种含铝原料氧化铝溶出率的测定。     

国内工业陶瓷用氧化铝粉料的现状分析

通过对国内氧化铝粉料的使用研究 ,分析了目前氧化铝粉料的质量现状和存在的主要问题 ,提出了生产厂家应尽快解决的问题 ,并生产出质量稳定的氧化铝粉料 ,以满足用户的需要。     

石灰石烧结新工艺打通全流程 粉煤灰制氧化铝示范工程投产

<正>从鄂尔多斯市政府获悉,国家发改委核准的首个以粉煤灰为原料制取氧化铝的示范工程——内蒙古蒙西高新技术集团公司投资25亿元建设的石灰石烧结新法粉煤灰提取氧化铝工业化装置,近日在鄂尔多斯蒙西高新技术工业园区打通全部工艺流程并生产出合格氧化铝。蒙西集团鄂尔多斯铝业公司生产总监郝耀进表示,该项目年产能为20万吨,主要以火电厂产生的氧化铝含量大于40%的固体废弃物粉煤灰为原     

粒状氢氧化铝在工业领域的应用

氢氧化铝[Al(OH)3],工业上称氧化铝水合物,它是氧化铝生产中,从铝土矿提炼氧化铝的中间产品,目前,世界上氧化铝的生产方法主要有拜耳法和烧结法,拜耳江用于处理低硅高位铝土矿,它的生产过程包括,原矿浆制备,高压溶出,压煮矿浆的稀释及赤泥分离和洗涤,晶种分解,氢氧化铝的分洗涤和烘干等,烧结法用于处理高硅低品位铝土矿,它的生产过程有：生料浆制备,熟料烧结和溶出,赤泥分离洗涤,粗液脱硅,碳酸化分解,氢氧化铝分离洗涤和烘干,我国的铝土矿主要为一水硬铝石型,多采用烧结法生产,烧结法生产出的氢氧化铝,具有白度高的优点.     

袋滤机在氧化铝生产中的应用

在氧化铝生产过程中,山西铝厂经过多年的实践,首次成功地开发出袋滤机回收立盘母液浮游物的生产工艺。对工艺的开发过程中存在的问题和采取的措施进行了分析和总结,为袋滤机在氧化铝生产中进一步拓展应用起着重要的指导作用。     

腐植酸在氧化铝生产溶出 沉降工艺中的影响

笔者曾在《腐植酸》1991年第2期,对烧结法生产氧化铝工艺中,添加腐植酸对提高碳分蒸发母液浓度及改善料浆流动性,已作了简单叙述。本文就腐植酸在烧结法生产氧化铝溶出、沉降工艺过程的影响再予以介绍,以供商讨。     

高抗热震性氧化铝空心球砖的研制

以氧化铝空心球为骨料，基质中加入适量的SiO2及硅线石，生产出了热震稳定性好、重烧线变化率小的氧化铝空心球砖。     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.