机床主轴回转误差测试研究

以LabVIEW为平台,设计了主轴回转误差实验系统。该系统由位移测试单元、采样时钟单元、数据采集卡及通用计算机组成。用于主轴回转精度的实际测量,取得了良好效果。     

基于LabVIEW的电主轴径向回转误差测量技术

应用数理统计法误差分离技术,开发了一套基于LabVIEW的电主轴径向回转精度的动态测试系统.该系统用软件分度替代了测量所需的角度测试装置--编码器,运用到电主轴回转精度测试,降低了测试设备的安装要求,从而使现场测试变得更准确、方便、有效.     

两非正交传感器测量主轴回转精度的误差分离技术研究

提出非正交位置两传感器在线测量主轴回转精度的误差分离技术理论,可同时获得主轴回转误差和工件圆度误差的测量结果。本方法虽然存在原理误差,但具体实施时却有传感器调整容易、测试系统简单、成本低廉和便于测量等诸多优点。较现行三传感器更具有实用性、同时讨论了实际测量保证误差分离精度注意的几个问题。     

主轴回转误差测量技术研究现状

主轴回转误差是超精密领域的一个重要参数,准确测量主轴回转误差,对控制主轴运动、提高加工精度而言具有重要意义.介绍了主轴回转误差测量技术的研究现状.现有的主轴回转误差测量技术可以分为探针法、光学法、刻痕法,对探针法中常用的反转法、多点法、多步法进行了原理论述与误差分析.     

高速主轴回转误差动态测试与分析

应用双向法设计测试系统,对主轴的回转误差进行动态测试.该系统由高精度标准棒、非接触位移传感器和LMS TEST,LAB采集器组成.阐述了回转误差的测试原理,针对机床主轴测试中标准棒的安装偏心问题,提出了有效解决方法,并进行了实验研究.     

机床主轴回转误差计算机辅助测试

本文给出了机床主轴回转误差计算机辅助测试系统。该系统与传统测量系统相比具有测量精度高。数据处理能力强，操作方便等特点。     

车床主轴回转精度数字式单向测量法北大核心

车床主轴回转精度的测量是一项重要的测试课题。针对传统的测量方法需要使用基圆发生器,数据处理困难,测试结果难以在各车床间进行比较等问题,提出了利用数字式单向测量法对车床主轴回转误差进行动态测量。从分析回转误差的测试原理和误差性质出发,建立起回转误差的数学模型,利用信号分析的手段分离出基准球安装偏心误差,并通过计算机仿真对该数学模型及分离方法进行验证和分析。实验结果表明,采用本文的方法对C616主轴回转精度进行测量,其测量结果与DJ-HZ-1型机床回转精度测量分析仪的测量结果基本吻合。     

减少机械加工精度误差的措施

1．机械加工产生误差的主要原因（1）主轴回转误差主轴回转误差是指主轴各瞬间的实际回转轴线相对其平均回转轴线的变动量。产生主轴径向回转误差的主要原因有：主轴几段轴颈的同轴度误差、轴承本身的各种误差、轴承之间的同轴度误差和主轴挠度等。适当提高主轴及箱体的制造精度,选用高精度的轴承,提高主轴部件的装配精度,对高速主轴部件进行平衡,对滚动轴承进行预紧等,均可提高机床主轴的回转精度。     

关于机床主轴回转误差对加工精度的影响

简要介绍了机床主轴回转误差的概念及基本形式,分析了主轴回转误差对零件加工精度的影响.并结合生产、教学实际,对提高加工精度提出一些看法.     

高速电磁主轴回转精度的分析

运用复数型频率分析的数学工具,建立了磁悬浮主轴系统回转运动数学模型,推导了主轴回转误差运动轨迹方程,定义了回转精度,给出了电磁主轴系统回转精度的测试方法,定量分析了影响主轴回转精度的主要因素。     

车床主轴回转精度测量系统的研制

车床作为制造业的基础设备,零件加工精度受到诸多因素制约,其中主轴回转误差是主要的影响因素之一.该车床主轴回转精度计算机测量系统由光电编码器、电涡流传感器、微机、变送器、数据采集卡及辅助工具构成.在测量车床主轴回转精度的同时,可获得与主轴角位置对应的径向跳动、端面跳动和角度摆动误差,使用数理统计法误差分离技术编制LabV...     

Rotation error measurement technology and experimentation research of high-precision hydrostatic spindle

The hydrostatic spindle is widely applied in the field of high-precision machine tools, which has some advantages such as high stiffness, high rotary precision, and the high damping shock absorption. The spindle rotation error is an important index to measure the machining accuracy of machine tools. Due to the installing eccentric error of the test bar, conventional method based on the standard test bar to measure the rotation error indirectly is applied to the precision machine tools and common machine tools whose rotation error is greater than 1 μm only. In order to eliminate the installing eccentric error of the standard test bar, it presents a self-reference approach that takes the online finish turning test bar, rather than that of the standard test bar, as the measuring datum. Using the capacitive micro-displacement sensor and the LMS data acquisition equipment as the test platform, it designs a set of spindle rotation error measurement system. Then it studies the frequency domain three-point method and has the rotation error and roundness error of high-precision hydrostatic spindle separated. Experimental study shows that the rotation error and the roundness error of the spindle are 0.9 and 0.3 μm, respectively, under the circumstance of conventional standard test bar as the measuring datum. However, if it takes the online finish turning test bar as the measuring datum, the rotation error and the roundness error of the spindle are only 0.3 and 0.1 μm, respectively. The self-reference method is able to eliminate the installing eccentric error of standard test bar directly, and the measurement system has realized the accurate measurements of the rotation error and roundness error of the high-precision hydrostatic spindle.     

Comprehensive measurement and evaluation system of high-speed motorized spindle

Reducing the manufacturing time is the trend of high-precision manufacturing, and the precision of a work-piece is very important for manufacturing industry. The high-speed motorized spindle is the most critical part and becoming more widely used in the machine tool at present, and its precision may affect the overall performance of high-speed cutting. Most of the studies on high-speed cutting are focused on the cutting force, the vibration of the spindle and effects of the spindle’s thermal deformations; hence, how to roundly measure and objectively evaluate high-speed spindle is an imminence question of it because the comprehensive dynamic properties and evaluation system of spindles directly affect the cutting ability of the whole machine tool before they are manufactured. This paper presents a comprehensive measurement and evaluation system of high-speed motorized spindle, which reflects the overall performance of motorized spindle and bases on international standard.     

Modeling, measurement, and evaluation of spindle radial errors in a miniaturized machine tool

Miniaturized machine tools have been established as a promising technology for machining the miniature components in wider range of materials. Spindle of a miniaturized machine tool needs to provide extremely high rotational speed, while maintaining the accuracy. In this work, a capacitive sensor-based measurement technique is followed for assessing radial errors of a miniaturized machine tool spindle. Accuracy of spindle error measurement is affected by inherent error sources such as sensor offset, thermal drift of spindle, centering error, and form error of the target surface installed in the spindle. In the present work, a model-based curve-fitting method is proposed for accurate interpretation and analysis of spindle error measurement data in time domain. Experimental results of the proposed method are presented and compared with the commonly followed discrete Fourier transform-based frequency domain-filtering method. Proposed method provides higher resolution for the estimation of fundamental frequency of spindle error data. Synchronous and asynchronous radial error values are evaluated in accordance with ANSI/ASME B89.3.4M [9] standard at various spindle speeds and number of spindle revolutions. It is found that the spindle speed and number of spindle revolutions does not have much influence on synchronous radial error of the spindle. On the other hand, asynchronous radial error motion exhibits a significant speed-dependant behavior with respect to the number of spindle revolutions.     

基于接触热阻的磨齿机电主轴热特性分析

大规格数控成形磨齿机高速电主轴系统在加工过程中产生大量热量,导致砂轮主轴产生相应热变形,影响加工精度。针对这一现象,提出了一种考虑接触热阻的瞬态热-结构耦合分析方法。该方法基于分形理论,利用W-M分形函数表征结合面接触状态,使用均方根测度法对分形参数进行识别。结合基体热阻和收缩热阻的影响计算结合面间总接触热阻,并计算热源发热量及各部件的对流换热系数,建立了综合考虑内部热源、边界条件和接触热阻的综合有限元模型,获得热误差仿真结果。分析电主轴温度及热变形在是否考虑接触热阻情况下变化差异。最后建立电主轴系统热误差测量试验平台,通过试验验证了该方法的准确性和可靠性。通过仿真得到温度及热位移量与实验值基本一致。     

Robust control synthesis for CNC machine spindle

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the dynamic stability and build the robust controller for motorized spindle system under parametric variations, external disturbances and measurement noises. A nonlinear model has been established for the machine tool spindles. The phase portrait and bifurcation analyses are provided to show dynamical behaviors for spindle machining. The spindle operations can be dynamically stables or unstable under parameter variations and disturbances. By using the robust control synthesis, the system designers can shape the frequency responses of the desired model which satisfies both transient response and robustness against various uncertainties. In fact, the robust controller can effectively attenuate exogenous disturbances and sensor noises during machining process. Finally, the simulations results demonstrate that the presented controller provides robust stability for the spindle speeds, along with excellent abilities of noise as well as disturbance attenuations.     

基于性能测试的电主轴预防性维修方法研究

针对电主轴预防性维修问题,首先通过电主轴结构分析和常见故障分析,获得电主轴故障多发部位和故障原因;然后针对分析得到的电主轴故障多发部位,设计电主轴预防性维修体系,通过设计故障多发部位性能测试方案和评价标准,得到电主轴预防性维修方法;最后将设计的预防性维修方法应用于长期服役的精密数控机床电主轴,验证了所提电主轴预防性维修...     

Thermal error of a hydrostatic spindle

This paper proposes a thermo-mechanical error model of a hydrostatic spindle for a high precision machine tool. By predicting the variation of motion error induced by thermal effects on a machine worktable during machining, this model allows deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms that result in evolutions of the spindle accuracy. The heat power generated in the spindle elements and the coefficients of convection heat transfer over its outer surface have been evaluated. Then, the distribution of temperature and deformation of the spindle have been simulated by a finite element coupled thermo-elastic model, from which the influence on notably spindle stiffness variation was deduced. Experimental measurement of the thrust plate axial displacement under thermal expansion is in close agreement with the computed axial thermal expansion.     

A review on the preload technology of the rolling bearing for the spindle of machine tools

The performance of the spindle system and bearings in a machine tool is largely influenced by the preload applied to bearings. Therefore, it is a very important issue to determine a proper preload in bearings and apply it to bearings for satisfying the performance required in bearings according to its operation conditions. This study performed a review on the preload technologies through classifying these technologies into three categories; a preload configuration technology that properly determines the preload for optimizing the performance of bearings, a preload application technology that applies the determined preload to bearings during the operation of a spindle system as a reliable way, and a preload measurement technology that verifies the preload applied to an actual spindle system.     

数控磨床主轴系统的可靠性建模与评估研究

对北京第二机床厂某系列数控磨床主轴系统的故障数据进行处理,绘制主轴系统的概率密度函数散点图,初步假定函数模型,再利用最小二乘法估计未知参数,利用卡方检验和相关系数法进行拟合优度检验,最终确定主轴系统的分布类型为指数分布。根据所属分布类型计算主轴系统的平均故障间隔时间MTBF,平均维修时间MTTR,以及固有可用度A,对主轴系统的可靠性进行评估。所得结果已反馈到生产厂家并获得认可,对数控磨床整机可靠性的提升有重要意义。