双腔体压电泵的设计

由于自吸性差、对气泡敏感等原因,单腔体压电泵在应用中受到限制,而多腔体结构是提高压电泵性能的有效途径.通过分析腔体容积与压力变化过程得出:双腔体串联压电泵只能采用串联驱动方式而不能采用并联驱动方式,双腔体并联压电泵只能采用并联驱动方式而不能采用串联驱动方式.制作双腔串联、并联压电泵样机并进行测试可以得出:串联压电泵在驱动电压200 V,频率152 Hz时,输出流量达到最大为1 150 ml/min;并联泵在压电驱动电压140 V,频率220 Hz时,输出流量达到最大为640 ml/min;因此多腔泵采用腔体串联结构能提高压电泵的工作效率,提高泵的工作性能.     

双腔体压电泵设计方法研究

由于自吸性差、对气泡敏感等原因,单腔体压电泵在应用中受到限制,采用多腔体结构是提高压电泵性能的有效途径。通过分析腔体容积与压力变化过程得出：双腔体串联压电泵只能采用串联驱动方式而不能采用并联驱动方式,双腔体并联压电泵只能采用并联驱动方式而不能采用串联驱动方式。制作双腔并联、串联压电泵样机进行测试：串联压电泵在驱动电压200VAC,频率152Hz时,输出流量达到最大为1150ml/min,并联泵在驱动电压140VAC,频率220Hz时,输出流量达到最大为640ml/min;因此多腔泵采用腔体串联结构能提高压电泵的工作效率,提高泵的工作性能。     

双腔薄膜阀压电泵的实验研究

实验研究了理论所不能解释的多种因素对双腔压电泵输出流量的影响规律。选取了一种高效的橡胶薄膜阀片,设计并制作了具有较高输出能力的双腔泵样机。120 V交流信号下,双腔串联压电泵最佳工作频率为180 Hz,输出参数为520 ml/min、22 kPa;双腔并联压电泵最佳工作频率为420 Hz,输出参数为980 ml/min、28 kPa。通过实验确定了双腔压电泵的最佳腔体高度及双腔串联、并联压电泵压电片的最佳驱动方式。     

四腔并联压电泵结构设计

为提高压电泵的输出性能,设计了一种层叠型四腔并联有阀压电泵。在80 V正弦交流电驱动下,40~400 Hz工作频率内,以水和空气作为介质,分别选用不同数量的压电振子进行驱动,在不同的驱动方式(指振子间工作时的相位差)下对泵的输出性能进行试验测试。结果显示,当泵送空气时,不管多少个振子进行驱动,驱动方式对泵的输出流量几乎不产生任何影响,在测试频率范围内,输出流量随频率成线性变化,最大输出气体流量可达3600 mL/min;当泵送液体时,驱动方式对泵的输出流量影响很大,当同侧的压电振子为异步驱动时,输出流量的效果更好,在工作频率180 Hz时,最大输出液体流量可达830 mL/min。试验结果为多振子驱动压电泵选择合适的振子间驱动方式提供了参考依据。     

双腔四振子混联气体压电泵性能分析

为构造输出能力较大的气体压电泵,采用四振子驱动的方式,设计了双腔四振子混联气体压电泵。通过理论推导,得到四振子混联泵输出能力的理论计算公式,并计算了在工作频率段内理论输出结果。应用GL-103B型皂液式气体流量计,测试了泵送空气时的输出流量值及输送液体水的流量输出。试验结果显示,当工作介质为空气时,泵的最佳工作频率点很高,大约在360Hz附近,最大输出流量可达3405mL/min,但零流量时输出压力却非常小,仅能达到2.7kPa;当工作介质为水时,泵的最佳工作频率点在140Hz附近,最大输出流量为1078 mL/min,零流量时输出压力可达49kPa。这表明,四振子混联泵在泵送气体介质和液体介质时工作性能存在很大差异,研究结果为泵的实际应用提供了参考数据。     

三腔并联压电泵结构设计与性能分析

为提高压电泵的输出性能,设计了两种结构的三腔并联压电泵。一种采用"层叠式"结构,另一种采用"一字"排列式结构。比较两种结构的体积,"层叠式"压电泵体积为74880 mm~3,"排式"压电泵体积为98928 mm~3,前者是后者的0.75倍。在80 V正弦交流电驱动下,工作频率在40～400 Hz内,对两种结构的三腔并联压电泵进行输出性能测试。可得,两种结构压电泵最大输出气体流量可达3405 mL/min,输出液体流量可达708 mL/min,输送液体压力最大可达20.6 kPa。结果显示,三腔并联压电泵可大幅提高泵的输出能力,并且采用"层叠式"结构设计可大幅度减小泵体体积。     

双腔串联两阀与三阀压电泵的性能研究

研究了双腔串联两阀压电泵与三阀压电泵的输出性能,分析了这两种泵的结构和工作原理,理论分析得出:三阀泵输出性能优于两阀泵。设计制作了两阀泵与三阀泵实验样机,并通过实验测试证明了理论分析的正确性。分别对两阀泵和三阀泵进口腔和出口腔独立工作时流量输出进行了实验测试,并把进口腔和出口腔独立工作时输出流量相加之和,与两腔一起交叉工作时进行了比较。实验测试表明:两阀泵和三阀泵样机在200 V交流驱动电压下,最大输出流量分别 为972 ml/min和1 035 ml/min,最大输出压力分别为28.7 kPa和40 kPa,最大自吸高度分别为0.41 m和0.43 m水柱高。     

不同容积比的双腔串联压电泵测试分析

为提高双腔串联压电泵的输出性能,对泵的进口腔与出口腔的容积比进行了优化设计。分别设计了容积比为1.9、1.5、1.3三种串联压电泵样机,并对样机进行了试验测试。试验结果显示,采用增加容积比的方式可以提高双腔串联压电泵的输出流量,但不能提高其输出压力;对每个不同腔体容积比的双腔串联压电泵在异步驱动和同步驱动下进行了输出性能测试,测试结果显示,当输送气体时,两种驱动方式均有很好的流量输出,且输出结果比较接近,但仅有异相驱动时才能输出液体。分析结果为提高双腔串联压电泵的输出性能提供了很好的依据。     

磁力弹簧式压电共振型气泵的设计

利用压电振子的振动激励相连接的隔膜共振原理,提出了用磁力弹簧式压电共振型气泵来提高压电泵对气体的驱动能力.首先,分析磁力弹簧式共振泵的工作原理,建立了共振泵的动力学模型,计算得出了影响隔膜振幅的主要因素.接着,设计和制作了样机,使用阻抗分析仪和激光位移计分别测得系统的共振频率及压电振子的位移放大倍数.最后,设计了测量共振泵流量和输出压力的实验装置,得出了磁力弹簧轴向间距对输出流量和输出压力的影响.实验测试表明:当输入正弦电压为200 V,系统共振频率为134 Hz,磁力弹簧的轴向间距为9 mm时,压电振子的位移放大倍数约为4.3,其最佳输出流量为524 ml/min,最佳输出压力为9.2 kPa.结果显示,提出的磁力弹簧式压电共振型气泵提高了气体的输送能力.     

微型压电泵中腔高对气泡滞留的影响规律

气泡滞留会严重地损害微型压电泵的输出性能,因此减少气泡滞留将有效地提高压电泵系统的稳定性和可靠性。泵腔作为气泡滞留的主要区域,同时是决定输出性能的重要元素,所以改变腔高将对气泡滞留产生重要的影响。本文从气泡压力降和输出压力两个方面建立数学模型,以此分析腔高对气泡滞留的影响规律,最后通过气泡滞留实验进行验证。实验结果表明,腔高为0.15mm时,压电泵具有优良的输出性能和排气泡能力,在进入120个0.02mL气泡后,压电泵仍具有稳定的输出压力(8.1kPa)和输出流量(4.2mL/min);腔高为0.05mm和0.20mm时,压电泵在进入一个气泡后即丧失了工作能力,排气泡能力差,而腔高为0mm和0.10mm时,压电泵分别进入47和70个气泡后丧失了工作能力。实验表明选取合理的腔高可以有效地减少气泡的滞留。     

DEVELOPMENT OF SINGLE-PHASED WATER-COOLING RADIATOR FOR COMPUTER CHIP

In order to cool computer chip efficiently with the least noise,a single phase water-cooling radiator for computer chip driven by piezoelectric pump with two parallel-connection chambers is developed. The structure and work principle of this radiator is described. Material,processing method and design principles of whole radiator are also explained. Finite element analysis (FEA) software,ANSYS,is used to simulate the heat distribution in the radiator. Testing equipments for water-cooling radiator are also listed. By experimental tests,influences of flowrate inside the cooling system and fan on chip cooling are explicated. This water-cooling radiator is proved more efficient than current air-cooling radiator with comparison experiments. During cooling the heater which simulates the working of computer chip with different power,the water-cooling radiator needs shorter time to reach lower steady temperatures than current air-cooling radiator.     

钹型开槽式阀压电泵的设计

由于有阀压电泵内部阀体所受应力过大易导致阀体失效,本文提出了钹型开槽式截止阀来减小有阀压电泵内部阀体所受应力。基于钹型开槽式截止阀设计了有阀压电泵,分析了钹型开槽式阀压电泵的工作原理。对钹型开槽膜片进行了受力分析,研究了该压电泵的输出性能及耦合作用下的膜片应力。加工制作了钹型开槽式阀压电泵样机,建立了钹型开槽式阀压电泵的有限元模型,数值计算了流固耦合作用下的阀体应力值。计算结果表明:在压电泵正常输出的驱动频率范围内,当驱动频率为418Hz时,膜片所受应力的计算值也达到最大,为81.74 MPa。最后,进行了压电泵性能试验。试验结果显示:该压电泵的输出流量最大值和振子振幅最大值均出现在低频段;当驱动电压为160V,驱动频率为5Hz时,输出流量达到最大,为6.6g/min;驱动频率为4Hz时,压电振子振幅达到最大,为165.8μm。文中的研究验证了钹型开槽式阀体压电泵的有效性,并得出当钹型开槽式阀压电泵工作在低频段时,阀门所受应力远小于高频段时阀门的应力值。     

Theory and experimental verification on valveless piezoelectric pump with multistage Y-shape treelike bifurcate tubes

Among most traditional piezo water cooling systems, piezoelectric valve pumps are adopted as their driving sources. The valves in these pumps induce problems of shock and vibration and also make their structure complicated, which is uneasy to minimize and reduce their reliability and applicability of the whole system. In order to avoid these problems caused by valve structure, a novel valveless piezoelectric pump is developed, which integrates both functions of transforming and cooling. The pump’s Y-shape tree-like construction not only increases the efficiency of cooling but also the system reliability and applicability. Firstly, a multistage Y-shape treelike bifurcate tube is proposed, then a valveless piezoelectric pump with multistage Y-shape treelike bifurcate tubes is designed and its working principle is analyzed. Then, the theoretical analysis of flow resistance characteristics and the flow rate of the valveless piezoelectric pump are performed. Meanwhile, commercial software CFX is employed to perform the numerical simulation for the pump. Finally, this valveless piezoelectric pump is fabricated, the relationship between the flow rates and driving frequency, as well as the relationship between the back pressure and the driving frequency are experimentally investigated. The experimental results show that the maximum flow rate is 35.6 mL/min under 100 V peak-to-peak voltage (10.3 Hz) power supply, and the maximum back pressure is 55 mm H2O under 100 V (9 Hz) power supply, which validates the feasibility of the valveless piezoelectric pump with multistage Y-shape treelike bifurcate tubes. The proposed research provides certain references for the design of valveless piezoelectric pump and improves the reliability of piezo water cooling systems.     

Effects of Driving Mode on the Performance of Multiple-Chamber Piezoelectric Pumps with Multiple Actuators

Due to the limited output capability of piezoelectric diaphragm pumps, the driving voltage is frequently increased to obtain the desired output. However, the excessive voltage application may lead to a large deformation in the piezoelectric ceramics, which could cause it to breakdown or become damaged. Therefore, increasing the number of chambers to obtain the desired output is proposed. Using a check-valve quintuple-chamber pump with quintuple piezoelectric actuators, the characteristics of the pump under different driving modes are investigated through experiments. By changing the number and connection mode of working actuators, pump performances in terms of flow rate and backpressure are tested at a voltage of 150 V with a frequency range of 60 Hz ?400 Hz. Experiment results indicate that the properties of the multiple-chamber pump change significantly with distinct working chambers even though the number of pumping chambers is the same. Pump performance declines as the distance between the working actuators increases. Moreover, pump performance declines dramatically when the working piezoelectric actuator closest to the outlet is involved. The maximum backpressures of the pump with triple, quadruple, and quintuple actuators are increased by 39%, 83%, and 128%, respectively, compared with the pump with double working actuators; the corresponding maximum flow rates of the pumps are simply increased by 25.9%, 49.2%, and 67.8%, respectively. The proposed research offers practical guidance for the effective utilization of the multiple-chamber pumps under different driving modes.     

整体开启阀与悬臂梁阀压电泵性能研究

设计了两种形式的被动截止薄膜阀一整体开启阀与悬臂梁阀,对两种形式阀的过流特性进行了理论分析,并应用两种形式的阀体制成了双腔串联压电泵的样机.对样机的实验测试表明,整体开启阀压电泵的自吸能力和输出流量都要好于悬臂梁阀压电泵.在200V交流电压驱动下,前者的最大自吸高度和输出流量分别为430 mm水柱和972 ml/min,而后者为410 mm水柱和480 ml/min.     

非对称分叉流管无阀压电泵的设计及试验

具有微混合功能的多级Y型流管无阀压电泵存在着输出流量与振子带载能力不平衡的问题。为此，提出了一种非对称分叉流管无阀压电泵。首先，理论分析了该无阀压电泵输出流量与流管流阻间的关系；其次，利用有限元软件数值计算了多级Y型流管的流阻特性；最后，采用光固化快速成型技术加工了样机，并进行了泵特性试验和振子振动测试。试验结果表明：在峰峰值200 V正弦波交流电驱动下，该压电泵的流量、扬程和压电振子的振幅都随驱动频率增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势；当驱动频率为31 Hz时，最大流量为4 g/min；驱动频率为38 Hz时，最大扬程为40.5 mmH2O。在试验施加电压范围内，该泵的输出性能与驱动电压呈正相关性。本研究验证了非对称流道树型无阀压电泵的可行性，为非对称无阀压电泵在微流道滴灌和微混合等领域的应用提供了参考。     

Theory and Experimental Verification on Cymbal-shaped Slotted Valve Piezoelectric Pump

Valve piezoelectric pumps usually have larger flow rate than that of valveless ones. However, the traditional cantilever valve easily induces stress concentration which impacts the reliability of pumps. Therefore, a cymbal-shaped slotted check valve is proposed to be applied in a piezoelectric pump in order to reduce the stress concentration of the valve and thus improve the reliability of the piezoelectric pump. The structure and working principle of the piezoelectric pump are analyzed; the stress analysis of the cymbal-shaped slotted valve diaphragm is conducted. In addition, finite element software is employed to analyze the difference of the Von-Mises stress between the cymbal-shaped slotted diaphragm and the slotted flat diaphragm. The simulation results show that, the Von-Mises stress of cymbal-shaped slotted diaphragm is smaller than that of the slotted flat one. Furthermore, the cymbal-shaped slotted valve piezoelectric pump is also fabricated, and flow rate experiment is performed. The experimental results indicate that the flow rate of piezoelectric pump working in low frequencies(0 Hz f 50 Hz) is larger than that working in high frequencies(200 Hz f 2000 Hz). When driven at voltage of 160 V and frequency of 5 Hz, the pump reaches its maximum flow rate of 6.6 g/min. The experimental results validate the feasibility of the cymbal-shaped slotted check valve. This research can effectively solve the problem of stress concentration of valve piezoelectric pumps and is helpful for improving the reliability of them.