齿形滑环式组合密封的有限元分析

利用ANSYS建立齿形滑环式组合密封的二维轴对称模型,分析压缩量、介质压力及齿形滑环结构对组合密封的接触应力、变形、Yon Mises应力及剪应力的影响.结果表明:随着压缩量的增加,组合密封的变形及接触应力增大,O形圈的受力减小;随着介质压力的增加,组合密封的变形、接触应力及O形圈的受力增大,因此,在较大介质压力条件下,应适当增加压缩量;适当改变齿形滑环的尺寸,可以使得O形圈受力减小,且齿形滑环不易磨损,使用寿命延长.     

齿形滑环密封圈密封性能分析及结构改进

建立了齿形滑环密封结构数值计算模型,采用有限元方法分析0形密封圈和滑环的接触应力和应力分布,并探讨介质压力、往复速度、摩擦系数和压缩量对密封性能的影响.结果表明,在静密封阶段,0形密封圈横截面内部应力集中在靠近凹槽底部区域,滑环足部与中间接触部位的变形严重.随着压缩量、介质压力的增加,齿形滑环密封圈密封性能和变形增加,...     

滑环式组合密封件的研究(Ⅱ)——阶梯形同轴密封件(斯特圈)的有限元分析

利用ANSYS建立了滑环式组合密封圈中应用较广泛的阶梯形同轴密封件（斯特圈）的二维轴对称模型,分析了滑环厚度对密封圈的变形和密封面处接触应力的影响;压缩量对密封件的接触应力、变形和VonMises应力的影响;液体压力对密封圈变形、密封面处接触应力和接触宽度的影响,结果证明随滑环厚度增加,滑环抵御变形的能力增强,密封面处的接触应力增大;压缩量越大密封件VonMises应力增加,变形增大,接触应力出现突变;随液体压力增加,O形圈和滑环变形增大,密封面处接触应力和接触宽度增加。     

电液伺服摆动马达的密封泄漏与摩擦特性

为了提高电液伺服摆动马达的密封效果,借助于有限元软件ADINA对采用聚四氟乙烯密封件和O形圈的组合密封在不同密封结构、预压缩量和介质压力下进行接触应力分析;由缝隙流动原理推导泄漏量和摩擦力之间的关系;综合考虑密封泄漏量和摩擦力,确定适合于摆动马达的密封结构形式及预压缩量;利用摩擦磨损试验机测试聚四氟乙烯在相同介质压力、不同频率下的摩擦因数,分析其摩擦情况。结果表明,O形圈预压缩量为20%时具有较好的密封效果;星形密封件具有更高的耐压能力,更适合于摆动马达的应用场合;聚四氟乙烯的摩擦因数随着工作频率的增加而减小,说明其适合在高频率的条件下工作。研究表明,该组合密封符合电液伺服摆动马达的动态性能要求。     

O形圈三角形密封槽设计改进

介绍了O形圈角密封槽的结构特点及压缩量的计算方法。针对某角密封槽设计泄漏故障,利用有限元分析软件Ansys分析O形圈不同受力下的接触应力。通过分析发现泄漏的原因为:三角形密封槽结构O形圈受介质力后,轴向接触应力明显减小。根据分析结果制定改进方案,通过改变三角形密封槽的角度以减小介质力对接触应力的影响,解决泄漏问题,为三角型密封槽的设计改进提供依据。     

充气式柔性密封的非线性有限元分析

从V形橡胶密封圈结构特点和密封可靠性出发,考虑结构的材料非线性、几何非线性和接触非线性,建立了充气式柔性密封的轴对称有限元模型,对其充气密封机制进行了分析,得到了密封面法向接触应力的分布规律;讨论了不同的充气压力和密封介质压力对法向接触应力的影响.结果表明,实现有效密封的关键是使法向接触应力高于密封介质压力,而法向接触应力的大小随充气压力的增大而增大;密封介质压力的存在使得接近密封介质一侧的接触压力减小,进而密封面的长度减小,影响密封效果;最大von Mises应力主要集中于与刚性件尖角接触处以及内壁的圆弧面上,且随充气压力的增大而增大;合理的密封结构和充气压力可保证密封的效果和可靠性,同时也可延长橡胶密封圈的使用寿命;利用有限元软件ANSYS进行充气式柔性密封圈结构设计和优化是可行的.     

T形滑环组合密封圈密封性能研究

利用ANSYS建立T形滑环组合密封的二维轴对称有限元模型,将密封结构划分为4个密封区域,研究静、动密封状态下介质压力、密封间隙、摩擦因数和T形滑环斜边与垂直线之间的角度,对组合密封圈密封性能的影响。仿真结果表明,T形滑环组合密封可以满足研究的压力范围下的静、动密封要求。其最大Von Mises应力和最大接触应力随介质压力增大而增大,随密封间隙增大而减小;最大Von Mises应力和最大接触应力随滑环斜边与垂直线之间角度增大而增大,当角度为2.5°～7.5°时,组合密封可达到密封要求且滑环不易磨损;摩擦因数越小,组合密封动密封性能越好。     

星形橡胶密封圈的密封特性分析及截面改进

建立了X形(星形)密封圈的有限元计算模型,研究了预压缩量、摩擦因数、介质压力、橡胶硬度对其密封性能和力学性能的影响。为提高密封圈的密封性能,延长使用寿命,对其横截面形状进行了改进,并对其静密封和往复动密封性能进行了分析。研究结果表明,X形密封圈的Von Mises应力和接触应力随着摩擦因数的增大而逐渐降低,但随介质压力、橡胶硬度的增大而增大;而结构的特殊性使得X形密封圈Von Mises应力随预压缩量的增大而减小;改进密封圈不但继承X形密封圈的优点,而且实现了三道密封功能,在保持良好密封性能的同时改善了结构的应力集中现象;特别是在往复动密封中,改进密封圈的应力波动较小,密封性能优于X形密封圈,避免了X形结构触角过早发生疲劳失效和撕裂,延长了密封圈的使用寿命。     

径向弹簧蓄能密封结构最大接触应力的有限元分析

为研究径向弹簧蓄能密封结构的密封特性，针对典型径向弹簧蓄能密封结构，分析其密封机制以及O形弯曲金属螺旋弹簧的弹性特性；采用ANSYS有限元分析软件，建立典型弹簧蓄能密封结构的非线性有限元分析模型，对弹簧蓄能密封圈在不同压缩率、不同介质压力下的接触应力进行分析，研究在多种工况下最大接触应力的变化情况。结果表明：压缩率保持不变时，最大接触应力随着介质压力的增大而增大；介质压力保持不变时，随着压缩率的增大，最大接触应力先增大再减小。对压缩率、介质压力与最大接触应力的关系进行曲线拟合，可用于指导弹簧蓄能密封结构的精确设计。     

成品油库主输泵出口阀门不同密封结构性能分析

以某成品油管道闸阀为研究对象,建立阀杆处密封结构的分析模型,研究3种不同密封结构中密封效果与介质压力之间的关系,提出阀杆处密封性能的综合评定方法。结果表明：阀杆处密封性能可从密封接触面间最大接触应力、密封件实际工况下米塞斯应力峰值和密封件在密封介质压力作用下的变形情况3个方面进行综合评定。研究的3种密封结构无能满足密封的要求,其中V形沟槽内密封圈的密封能力最强,矩形沟槽内滑环式组合圈的密封能力最差;在相同工况下V形沟槽内密封圈米塞斯应力峰值最大,矩形沟槽内滑环式组合圈米塞斯应力峰值最小;组合圈与矩形沟槽配合的结构能有效解决密封件被挤入沟槽的情况。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.