褐色乳酸菌饮料稳定性的研究

采用单因素实验、正交实验研究优化了美拉德反应时间、果胶用量和均质压力对褐色乳酸菌饮料稳定性的影响。结果表明,美拉德反应时间为1.5 h、果胶用量为3.5 g/L、均质压力为25 MPa时,褐色乳酸菌饮料的离心沉淀率为1.37%,稳定性好。     

工艺条件对杀菌型褐色乳酸菌饮料稳定性的影响

为了提高杀菌型褐色乳酸菌饮料的稳定性,对与产品稳定性密切相关的3个因素（褐变时间、均质压力和果胶用量）首先进行了单因素试验。进一步以褐变时间、均质压力和果胶用量为自变量,以粒径、zeta电位、离心沉淀率和不稳定指数为评价指标进行L9（34）正交试验。结果表明,当褐变时间160 min、均质压力25 MPa、果胶用量 2.5 g/L时,体系的不稳定指数值最小。获得最佳褐变时间、均质压力和果胶用量分别为165 min、22 MPa和2.8 g/L。此优化条件下,杀菌型褐色乳酸菌饮料粒径（723 nm）、离心沉淀率（1.71%）和不稳定指数（0.737）最小、zeta电位绝对值（-4.88 mV）最大。     

果胶对酸性乳饮料稳定性的影响

酸性乳饮料的稳定性与稳定剂的含量、均质压力、均质温度、pH有关。选取果胶作为稳定剂,探讨了工艺条件对酸性乳饮料稳定性的影响。结果表明：果胶添加量0.4%、均质压力20MPa、均质温度50℃、pH4.3时酸性乳饮料的稳定性最好。     

均质工艺对葡萄饮料稳定性的研究

利用不同均质压力、均质次数、均质温度对葡萄汁进行研究,研究均质工艺对葡萄汁稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,均质温度为60℃,均质压力为15MPa可以得到最理想的葡萄汁。     

均质工艺参数对全葡萄饮料稳定性的影响

采用不同的均质压力、均质次数、均质温度对全葡萄饮料进行均质,研究均质工艺参数对全葡萄饮料稳定性的影响.实验结果表明,在压力为15 MPa,温度为60℃下一次均质可以得到稳定的全葡萄饮料.     

咖啡豆乳饮料的工艺技术研究

采用产于我国云南的小粒种咖啡豆和国产大豆配制成咖啡豆乳饮料。考察乳化剂、稳定剂、络合剂的种类和用量,并得到最佳的均质温度、压力和杀菌条件。     

野生蓝莓蜜茶的研制

以野生蓝莓果浆为主要原料,研究野生蓝莓蜜茶的配方和工艺,试验结果显示,最佳配方为野生蓝莓果浆、白砂糖、蜂蜜、果胶的用量分别为27%、35%、12%、0.52%,均质压力为25 MPa~30 MPa,杀菌温度95℃,时间20 min。由此配方和工艺制成的野生蓝莓蜜茶色泽好、蓝莓本色、组织状态好,不析水,温开水冲调后口感清香,富有野生蓝莓酸甜味。     

保健芒果果肉饮料的研制及其稳定性的探讨

以芒果为原料，辅以一定的稳定剂，配制出营养丰富，风味独特芒果汁饮料。通过不同均质压力、稳定剂组合试验，考察芒果汁饮料的稳定性。探索出最佳的稳定条件：在均质温度为60℃的条件下，分别进行25MPa、20MPa两次均质：稳定剂为黄原胶0．15％、CMC0.05％、果胶0．05％。     

西番莲果汁饮料的稳定性

该文系统地研究了西番莲果汁饮料的生产工艺及影响其稳定性的主要因素,同时探讨了不同增稠剂对西番莲果汁饮料稳定性的影响。结果表明:西番莲果汁饮料的原汁含量为7．0％、糖度11．0％、酸度0．22％,均质次数1次、均质温度60℃和均质压力20MPa时,果汁口感较适宜;单独使用增稠剂,稳定效果最好的是CMC-Na,黄原胶和果胶稳定效果较差,通过L9(33)正交试验得出稳定剂最优配方为:黄原胶0．12％、CMC-Na 0．65％、果胶0．95％。     

沙棘油微胶囊化工艺研究

研究了含油量30%的微胶囊化沙棘油粉末配方中乳化剂的选择、配比及用量,同时对加工工艺参数如乳化温度、均质压力、喷雾干燥进风、出风温度进行了考察.研究结果表明,采用柠檬酸单甘酯、蔗糖酯170、蔗糖酯1570,按2:3:3配比,复合乳化剂用量2.2%～2.6%.此时适宜的乳化温度为65～75℃,均质压力为30～40 MPa,喷雾干燥进风温度低于210℃.出风温度100℃左右.     

水溶性大豆多糖在褐色乳饮料中的应用

研究了大豆多糖对褐色乳饮料粘度与感官的影响,并以褐色乳饮料的粒径为评价指标,通过单因素实验研究了添加量、pH、水硬度、热处理温度对大豆多糖稳定作用的影响。结果表明：与果胶、羧甲基纤维素相比,以大豆多糖为稳定剂的乳饮料粘度最低,感官评定结果最佳,大豆多糖在褐色乳饮料中的稳定作用受添加量与水硬度影响最大,几乎不受pH与热处理温度的影响。     

高甲氧基果胶对酸奶饮料的稳定作用

总结了高甲氧基果胶对酸奶饮料的稳定机理及其影响稳定效果的因素，并对不同的影响因素（饮料的pH值、蛋白质的浓度、高甲氧基果胶浓度、均质条件、调配搅拌速度、杀菌条件和酪蛋白粒子直径等）进行了详细的分析，为使用以高甲氧基果胶做稳定剂的酸奶饮料生产提供了较为全面的参考依据。     

贝母乳饮料的稳定性研究

以贝母和牛乳为主要原料制成贝母乳饮料,研究了乳化剂、稳定剂对贝母乳饮料稳定性的影响。在单因素实验的基础上,选择果胶、CMC-Na和复合乳化剂作为实验因素,进行Box-Behnken中心组合实验设计,采用响应面法(RSM)评估贝母乳饮料的稳定性。结果表明,稳定剂和乳化剂的最佳用量为果胶0.13%、CMC-Na0.05%、复合乳化剂0.10%时,贝母乳饮料的沉淀率为3.08%。     

Oxalic extraction of high methoxyl pectin and its application as a stabiliser

The objective of this work was to extract high methoxyl (HM) pectin with oxalic acid, characterise its physicochemical properties and evaluate its dispersion stability in acidified milk drink (AMD). HPSEC–MALLS analysis revealed that the obtained HM pectin was high in molecular weight (522.4 kDa). The ζ-potential of the obtained HM pectin in aqueous solution at pH 4.0 was −31.5 mV. The AFM images proved that the obtained HM pectin contained several long linear molecules. The apparent diameter of AMD stabilised by the obtained HM pectin was 636 nm at the concentration of 3.0‰. The stability analysis of AMD and the microscopic observation with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) proved that the obtained HM pectin was a prominent stabiliser in AMD.     

Application of TOPSIS methodology to determine optimum hazelnut cake concentration and high pressure homogenization condition for hazelnut milk production based on physicochemical,structural and sensory properties

Vegetable milks containing antioxidants, fatty acids and vitamins can be recommended as an alternative to animal milks cause some health problems like lactose intolerance and milk protein allergy. Hazelnut oil cake which is a waste from hazelnut oil production cannot be used for human nutrition. Cold press hazelnut cake must be evaluation as food materials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cold pressed hazelnut cake concentration (5, 10, 15% w/v) and high pressure homogenization (HPH) (up to 100 MPa) on the physicochemical, structural and sensory properties of hazelnut milk and also determined the best conditions for hazelnut milk production by TOPSIS approach. Hazelnut milks produced from 15% hazelnut cake had the best physicochemical properties and physical stability, but the sensory properties of the milks were not acceptable due to viscoelastic behaviors. Physicochemical properties, physical stability and sensory characteristics of hazelnut milks were significantly affected by homogenization pressure (P?<?0.05). Colloidal stability and sensory properties of hazelnut milks were improved by increasing homogenization pressure. The viscosity values of hazelnut milks with 10 and 15% hazelnut cakes were significantly decreased by increasing the homogenization pressure. TOPSIS approach showed that 10% hazelnut cake concentration and 100 MPa homogenization pressure was the best condition for an acceptable hazelnut milk production.     

锦灯笼花生大豆饮料生产工艺试验

目的 研究锦灯笼花生大豆植物蛋白饮料生产工艺。方法 将锦灯笼、花生和大豆经处理磨浆调配成的一种锦灯笼花生大豆复合植物蛋白饮料。结果 豆浆:锦灯笼汁:花生浆经正交试验得出最佳配比为豆浆40%, 锦灯笼汁11%, 花生浆5%; pH为7.5~8.0添加0.2%复合稳定剂(羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC): 果胶: 黄原胶=1:1:1)可增加成品的胶粘性, 使饮料稳定性好, 口感俱佳, 饮料成品呈弱碱性。结论 锦灯笼花生大豆饮料风味影响因素进行三因素三水平正交试验, 由极差分析可知, 主次顺序是锦灯笼汁〉豆浆〉花生浆, 即锦灯笼汁量对产品质量影响最大, 其次是豆浆。最佳配比: 豆浆:锦灯笼汁:花生浆=40:11:5; 添加复合稳定剂(羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC): 果胶: 黄原胶=1:1:1), 可增加成品胶粘性, 稳定性好, 口感俱佳; 通过感观品尝, 二次杀菌状态比较, 确定pH为7.5~8.0。     

Changes in the surface protein of the fat globules during homogenization and heat treatment of concentrated milk

The changes in milk fat globules and fat globule surface proteins of both low-preheated and high-preheated concentrated milks, which were homogenized at low or high pressure, were examined. The average fat globule size decreased with increasing homogenization pressure. The total surface protein (mg m-2) of concentrated milk increased after homogenization, the extent of the increase being dependent on the temperature and the pressure of homogenization, as well as on the preheat treatment. The concentrates obtained from high-preheated milks had higher surface protein concentration than the concentrates obtained from low-preheated milks after homogenization. Concentrated milks heat treated at 79 degrees C either before or after homogenization had greater amounts of fat globule surface protein than concentrated milks heat treated at 50 or 65 degrees C. This was attributed to the association of whey protein with the native MFGM (milk fat globule membrane) proteins and the adsorbed skim milk proteins. Also, at the same homogenization temperature and pressure, the amount of whey protein on the fat globule surface of the concentrated milk that was heated after homogenization was greater than that of the concentrated milk that was heated before homogenization. The amounts of the major native MFGM proteins did not change during homogenization, indicating that the skim milk proteins did not displace the native MFGM proteins but adsorbed on to the newly formed surface.     

均质条件对核桃乳稳定性的影响

利用Mastersizer 3000激光粒度分析仪和Turbiscan稳定性分析仪,通过分析粒径分布图、平均粒径D[4,3]大小、背散射光曲线图以及稳定性指数TSI曲线,研究了均质工艺条件对核桃乳稳定性的影响,结果表明,均质压力、均质温度、均质次数对核桃乳的粒径和稳定性均有明显影响。通过单因素实验,最终优化得到适宜的均质压力为40 MPa,均质温度为70 ℃,均质次数为2次。在此均质条件下,核桃乳产品的平均粒径D[4,3]达到（26.18 ± 0.75）μm,整体稳定性指数TSI为0.8。本研究方法可以为核桃乳产品开发及工艺研究提供一定的参考。