阴离子型乳化剂二羟甲基丁酸的应用研究

分别选用二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)作为内乳化剂制备阴离子型聚氨酯乳液,测试研究了两种乳化剂对聚氨酯乳液各种性能的影响。结果表明,与DMPA相比,用DMBA作为阴离子型内乳化剂制备聚氨酯乳液具有以下特性:①DMBA的熔点为105℃,故可以在此温度下熔化/溶解在多元醇中;②用DMBA合成聚氨酯预聚体的反应时间(约50～60min)远小于用DMPA的反应时间(约150～180min);③用DMBA制备聚氨酯乳液涂膜吸水前后的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率都大于用DMPA制备的聚氨酯乳液涂膜;④以DMBA为内乳化剂制备的APU乳液粒径大而分布窄。因此,DMBA作为阴离子型乳化剂用于制备聚氨酯乳液具有良好的应用前景。     

阴离子改性PUA紫外光固化胶粘剂的制备及性能

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)和聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG)等为主要原料,制得聚氨酯(PU)预聚体;然后将其与丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)反应,制得HEA封端的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)预聚体;最后在PUA预聚体中加入中和剂等助剂,制备出阴离子改性PUA紫外光(UV)固化胶粘剂。研究结果表明:当w(DMBA中-COOH)=1.2%(相对于PU预聚体质量而言)、中和度=n(中和剂)∶n(DMBA)=80%、以PTMG为多元醇且偶联剂采用预处理法加入时,相应的阴离子改性PUA型UV固化胶粘剂的耐水性、粘接强度和耐久性俱佳。     

聚合物多元醇在聚氨酯微孔弹性体中的应用研究

对聚合物多元醇在聚氨酯微孔弹性体中的应用进行了研究。考察了聚合物聚醚多元醇及聚合物聚酯多元醇对聚氨酯微孔弹性体力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,该类聚合物多元醇的引入可使聚氨酯微孔弹性体制品的力学性能得到较大改善,因此该类聚合物多元醇在聚氨酯领域必将具有广阔的应用前景。     

多元醇在聚氨酯材料中的应用

介绍了多元醇在聚氨酯材料中的应用,从聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、其他多元醇及含活泼氢的低聚物等方面探讨了不同多元醇对聚氨酯材料性能的影响。     

聚氨酯产业现状及其应用

概述了世界聚氨酯的生产现状以及应用领域;详述了聚氨酯的原料多异氰酯类、聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇以及小分子多元醇类扩链剂的生产现状;展望了聚氨酯及其原料的发展前景,指出应大力发展聚己内酯型可生物降解热塑性聚氨酯,拓展聚氨酯的应用领域。     

大豆油多元醇的改性及其在聚氨酯泡沫塑料中的应用研究进展

综述了将大豆油进行改性制备大豆油多元醇,替代石油基聚醚多元醇制备聚氨酯的研究进展,并展望了大豆油在制备聚氨酯泡沫塑料中的应用前景和发展趋势。主要从4个方面进行了介绍:羟基化合物改性大豆油制备聚氨酯泡沫塑料、巯基乙醇改性大豆油制备聚氨酯泡沫塑料、引入第三组分制备聚氨酯复合材料、特殊官能团改性大豆油多元醇制备聚氨酯泡沫塑料等。     

聚氨酯灌封胶的研究现状概述

对近年来聚氨酯灌封胶研究的基本情况进行了简述,重点介绍了各种异氰酸酯组分与端羟基聚丁二烯、聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、蓖麻油等低聚物多元醇制备聚氨酯灌封胶的研究情况,同时总结了聚氨酯灌封胶的导热性和阻燃性研究进展,最后对聚氨酯灌封胶前景作了展望。     

聚氨酯新型原料聚合物多元醇

一、前言聚醚或聚酯多元醇(简称多元醇)是聚氨酯的主要原料之一。其组成结构、分子量和官能度的可调范围广,对聚氨酯成型工艺和性能的影响较大。人们为使聚氨酯工业的发展久盛不衰而不断地精心研究、奋力开拓新的多元醇或对通用多元醇进行改性。其中聚合物多元醇乃是至今最成功的改性多元醇。     

可再生聚酯多元醇的合成及其在聚氨酯材料中的应用

采用油酸为主要原料合成了羟值为236mgKOH／g、酸值为2．8mgKOH／g的可再生聚酯多元醇,并以此聚酯多元醇为原料制备了聚氨酯硬质泡沫。研究了该聚酯多元醇用量对泡沫发泡和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着聚酯多元醇加入量的增加,形成聚氨酯硬质泡沫的反应速度增加;与纯聚醚多元醇制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫相比,加入20％～30％的该聚酯多元醇制备的聚氨酯泡沫的尺寸稳定性和压缩强度增加。     

聚酯多元醇的分类及研究进展

聚酯多元醇是在特定条件下,由多元酸与多元醇经酯化、脱水、聚合反应而成。其原材料、工艺方法及添加剂不同,所得聚酯多元醇的性能不同,由此合成的聚氨酯种类及用途就差别较大。针对聚酯多元醇及其所对应的聚氨酯的性质和用途,研究了聚酯多元醇的不同的结构特征对聚氨酯性能的影响,同时对不同种类聚酯多元醇的研究进展进行了综述,并以此为基础对聚酯多元醇的发展方向和前景进行了展望。     

Synthesis of blocked waterborne polyurethane with 3,5-dimethylpyrazole for industrial application in digital inkjet printing

In this article, a series of blocked waterborne polyurethanes (BWPUs) were synthesized by isophorone diisocyanate, polyols, dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA), and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole. BWPUs were applied to digital inkjet printing of textiles. The successful synthesis and deblocking of BWPU were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The colorfastness was improved by deblocking the terminal NCO groups at 140 °C, which could react with fiber. This article presented a characterization method of filtering rate to evaluate the fluency of inkjet printing. Besides, the digital microscope was used to investigate the pigment transferred to the white test cloth. In the end, we chose poly(ethylene glycol adipate) 2000 as the polyol, 1,4-butanediol as the chain extender, 1.6 as the NCO/OH molar ratio, and 4% as the mass fraction of DMBA. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47765.     

Nanoclay reinforced rigid polyurethane foams

Clay was intercalated and exfoliated by neutralized dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA) and used to fabricate rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF)/clay nanocomposites. Cream time, gel time, and tack‐free time increased with the addition and increasing amount of clay whereas foam density and compression strength decreased. Cell size, closed cell content, volume change upon heating and cooling, and thermal conductivity of the foam decreased with the addition and increasing amount of clay with a minimum at 2 pphp (parts per 100 polyol by weight). The glass transition and decomposition temperatures increased with increasing clay content due to the restricted motion of chains and barrier property of the clay platelets. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Synthesis and Characterization of the Different Soy-Based Polyols by Ring Opening of Epoxidized Soybean Oil with Methanol, 1,2-Ethanediol and 1,2-Propanediol

Three soy-based polyols intended for application in polyurethanes were prepared by ring opening the epoxy groups in epoxidized soybean oil (ESO, 0.385 mol/100 g epoxy rings) with methanol, 1,2-ethanediol and 1,2-propanediol in the presence of tetrafluoroboric acid catalyst. The effect of the different opening reaction reagents, different low molecular weight alcohols, on the polyols was investigated by spectroscopic, chemical and physical methods. The viscosities, viscous-flow activation energies, molecular weight and melting point of the samples increased in the following order: polyol (3) > polyol (2) > polyol (1) > ESO [polyol (1); polyol (2) and polyol (3) represented the samples synthesized from the same epoxidized soybean oil generated by opening reactions with methanol, 1,2-ethanediol and 1,2-propanediol, respectively]. All the samples were crystalline solids below their melting temperature, displaying multiple melting point peaks. Compared with polyol (1), polyol (2) had a primary hydroxyl group, promoting the reactive activity of the polyol with isocyanates; polyol (3) contained large numbers of hydroxy groups, improving the properties of polyurethanes.     

聚碳酸亚酯多元醇在涂料中的应用

介绍了新型环保涂料中间体材料──聚碳酸亚酯多元醇的生产合成与应用,揭示了其在水性工业涂料中的功用。介绍了国内研发和生产该材料的企业或单位,对其未来市场需求作了重点说明和分析。     

Preparation,characterization of UV‐Curable Waterborne Polyurethane‐Acrylate and the application in metal iron surface protection

Hydroxyethyl methyl acrylate (HEMA) capped waterborne polyurethane‐acrylate (WPUA) oligomer was firstly prepared from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyether polyol (NJ‐220), dimethylolbutanoic acid (DMBA), HEMA via in‐situ and anionic self‐emulsifying method. Ultraviolet (UV) curable WPUA coating was obtained from HEMA‐capped oligomer, butyl acrylate (BA) and multifunctional acrylates (TPGDA) as reactive diluents, and Darocur 1173 as photoinitiator. The physical properties of WPUA oligomers, such as particle size, apparent viscosity, and surface tension were investigated. Some mechanical properties of UV‐WPUA films, such as contact angles, thermal properties, and solvent (water, HCl, NaOH, NaCl, and ethanol) resistance of UV‐WPUA coating films were measured. The surface morphologies were measured by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The surface free energy of the UV‐cured film was calculated from contact angle measurements using the Lewis acid–base three liquids method. The specific UV‐WPUA coating was selected to protect the iron materials that observed the effect of the protection. The results indicate that the prepared UV‐WPUA coating has excellent protective behavior to metal iron materials and may offer some contributions to protect iron cultural relics. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 3142–3152, 2013     

PIPA多元醇制备软质PU泡沫

将自制的PIPA多元醇用于发泡,对其进行各种性能测试,结果发现:用PIPA多元醇制备的泡沫,对泡沫的密度、回弹率、压陷硬度等性能都有不同程度的影响;在同样配方条件下,相对于不含PIPA多元醇的试样泡沫,有着更好的力学性能;高固含量PIPA多元醇泡沫相对于POP多元醇泡沫,具有更好的压陷硬度、回弹率、拉伸强度、伸长率以及撕裂强度等机械性能。     

Nanostructured Energetic Composites of CL‐20 and Binders Synthesized by Sol Gel Methods

Monolithic energetic gels were prepared in acetone by separately cross‐linking the single precursors, glycidyl azide polyol (GAP polyol polyol), nitrocellulose (NC, 12% N), and tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane (THMNM) and the mixed precursors (GAP polyol+NC) and (GAP polyol+THMNM) with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). THMNM functions as a chain extender. The synthesis conditions were optimized according to precursor mass ratio, cross‐linking agent, solvent, catalyst concentration, and containers with various surface‐to‐volume ratios. The concentrations of reactants and cure catalyst are the most important factors. The composite energetic materials with a high degree of homogeneity were synthesized by trapping hexanitrohexazaisowurtzitane (CL‐20) on the nano scale in the energetic polymer gels using sol gel processing with a modified freeze‐drying procedure. Loadings up to 85%, 93%, and 90% by weight of CL‐20 yielded, respectively, monolithic gels for GAP/HDI, NC/HDI, and THMNM/HDI. 90% CL‐20 can be loaded into gels of the mixed precursors of (GAP polyol+NC) and (GAP polyol+THMNM). The energetic gels and composites were characterized using FT‐IR spectroscopy, DSC, SEM, and sensitivity to drop weight impact. The sensitivity of CL‐20 is reduced in the energetic nanocomposites.     

低不饱和度聚醚多元醇伯羟基含量的提高

首先采用自制的双金属氰化物络合催化剂，制备了低不饱和度、高相对分子质量聚氧化丙烯多元醇，然后与用传统碱催化制备的未经后处理的聚醚多元醇按一定比例混合，用环氧乙烷封端，经精制，得到高活性聚醚多元醇。所得聚醚二醇及聚醚三醇的不饱和度小于0.010mmol/g，伯羟基摩尔分数大于65%。