Relationship between bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells expressing interleukin-5 receptor messenger RNA and asthmatic airway inflammation

Background Asthma is clinically related with the degree of eosinophilic inflammation.How asthmatic airway inflammation is affected is still poorly understood. So the effects of bone marrow-derived hematopoietic cells expressing CD34 (CD34+) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) receptor messenger RNA (IL-5R mRNA+) on asthmatic airway inflammation were investigated.Methods Balb/c mice were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin (OVA) to establish an asthmatic model while control mice were sensitized and exposed to sterile saline. The mice were killed at different time points after being challenged by OVA and sterile saline. Then, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) were prepared. Eosinophils in PB (PBEOS) and BALF (BALFEOS), nuclear cells in BALF, PB and BM were counted. By flow cytometry, the percentage of CD34+ cells to nucleated cells in PB, BM and the relative number of CD34+ cells in PB (PBCD34+) and BM (BMCD34+) were calculated. Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to investigate the hematopoietic cells with co-localized expression of CD34 and IL-5R mRNA in BM (BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+). The percentage of BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+ to BMCD34+ was calculated. Results Twelve hours after challenge by OVA, BALFEOS and PBEOS in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P<0.01). Twenty-four hours after OVA challenge, BALFEOS, PBEOS and BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+ were elevated maximally, significantly different from those in the control group （P<0.01). Forty-eight hours after OVA challenge, BALFEOS and BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+ were still significantly higher than those of the controls （P<0.01). The other markers reverted to normal. In 60 mice, BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+ was closely correlated with the BALEOS, PBEOS, BMCD34+ and BMCD34+ （%) （P<0.05).Conclusions The amount of CD34+ cells expressing IL-5R mRNA increased in the BM of asthmatic model mice, which favors eosinophilopoiesis and eosinophilic airway inflammation. A signal pathway exists between the lungs and the bone marrow, which is involved in the initiation and maintenance of asthmatic airway inflammation.     

布地奈德抑制哮喘小鼠肺组织OX40?气道炎症和气道高反应性的研究

目的:研究布地奈德对哮喘模型小鼠肺组织OX40(CD134)表达?气道炎症和气道高反应性的干预作用?方法:18只SPF级BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常组?哮喘组?布地奈德组?卵蛋白(ovalbumin,OVA)致敏和激发建立哮喘模型?末次激发24 h后,测定气道反应性,HE染色观察炎症细胞浸润,ELISA法分别检测血清总IgE?OVA特异性IgE(OVA-sIgE)以及支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)中的IL-4和IL-13?Western blot检测肺组织OX40蛋白表达?结果:随着氯化乙酰胆碱(Ach)浓度的增加,哮喘组小鼠气道阻力明显增加,正常组仅轻度增加,布地奈德组小鼠气道阻力的增加程度低于哮喘组小鼠(P < 0.05);在BALF中炎症细胞总数和嗜酸性粒细胞分类计数方面,哮喘组小鼠高于正常组小鼠(P < 0.05),布地奈德组小鼠与哮喘组小鼠相比明显降低(P < 0.05);在BALF中IL-4?IL-13和血清总IgE?OVA-sIgE方面,哮喘组高于正常组(P < 0.05),布地奈德组低于哮喘组小鼠(P < 0.05);哮喘组小鼠肺组织OX40高于正常组(P < 0.05),布地奈德组与哮喘组相比小鼠肺组织OX40降低(P < 0.05)?结论:布地奈德可抑制哮喘模型小鼠气道炎症和气道高反应性,可能与抑制OX40/OX40L协同刺激通路有关?     

Effects of glucocorticoid and cysteinyl leukotriene 1 receptor antagonist on CD34+ hematopoietic cells in bone marrow of asthmatic mice

Background Corticosteroids remain the most effective therapy available for asthma. They have widespread effects on asthmatic airway inflammation. However, little is known about the effects of corticosteroids on the production of bone marrow inflammatory cells in asthma. This study observed the effects of glucocorticoid and cysteinyl leukotriene 1 receptor antagonist on CD34+ hematopoietic cells, so as to explore the possible effectiveness of a bone marrow-targeted anti-inflammatory strategy. Methods Balb/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish an asthmatic model. For two consecutive weeks, asthmatic mice were challenged with OVA while being given either prednisone, montelukast, prednisone plus montelukast, or sterile saline solution. The mice were killed 24 hours after the last challenge with OVA, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), peripheral blood, and bone marrow were collected. Eosinophils in peripheral blood and BALF, and nucleated cells in BALF, peripheral blood, and bone marrow were counted. The percentages of CD34+ cells, CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes among nucleated cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow were counted by flow cytometry. Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization were employed to detect expression of CD34 and interleukin (IL)-5Rα mRNA (CD34+ IL-5Rα mRNA+ cells) among bone marrow hematopoietic cells. Results Compared with the sterile saline solution group, the number of eosinophils in BALF and peripheral blood, CD34+ cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow, and CD34+ IL-5Rα mRNA+ cells in bone marrow of mice from the prednisone and prednisone plus montelukast groups were significantly lower （P&lt;0.01）. The number of eosinophils in BALF from the montelukast group was also significantly lower （P&lt;0.05）. Conclusions The results suggest that, in this asthmatic mouse model, prednisone probably inhibits proliferation, differentiation, and migration of CD34+ cells in bone marrow, blocks eosinophilopoiesis in bone marrow, and interferes with eosinophil migration into peripheral blood and subsequent recruitment in the airway. In addition, montelukast may suppress eosinophil infiltration into the lungs of asthmatic mice. However, a significant inhibitory effect of montelukast on the proliferation and migration of CD34+ cells and a cooperating effect with prednisone on bone marrow of asthmatic mice were not observed.     

Linker for activation of T cells contributes to airway inflammation in an asthmatic mouse model

Background Allergic asthma is associated with airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness caused by dysregulated production of cytokines secreted by allergen-specific helper T-type 2 （Th2） cells. The linker for activation of T cells （LAT） is a membrane-associated adaptor protein, which has been shown to take part in regulating T cell receptor （TCR） signaling and T cell homeostasis. In this study, we established an asthmatic mouse model to examine the changes in LAT levels during allergic airway disease and the effects of LAT transgenic expression on airway inflammation. Methods T cells from mouse lung tissues were isolated from allergen challenged （ovalbumin （OVA）） and control mice, and the purity of these isolated T cells was examined by fluorescence-activated cell sorter （FACS）. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of the LAT gene and LAT protein, respectively. After an intranasally administered mixture of pCMV-HA-LAT plasmid and Lipofectamine 2000, 24 hours before and 72 hours after allergen challenge, the BALF cell count and the differential cytologies were studied. In addition, IL-4 and IFN-γ levels in the BALF were determined by ELISA, and pathological changes in lung tissues were observed. Results LAT protein and mRNA expression were decreased in lung T cells in a mouse model of allergen-induced airway disease. After intranasal administration of pCMV-HA-LAT, histopathological examination of the lungs showed that intervention with LAT overexpression prevented mice from developing airway inflammation, and the number of total cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in the BALF was reduced significantly compared with the OVA sensitized and challenged group. In addition, the Th2 cytokine IL-4 decreased, while the Thl cytokine IFN-γ increased compared to the OVA sensitized and challenged group or the OVA sensitized group plus pCMV-HA treatment. Conclusion This study demonstrates that LAT might effectively diminish Th2 cytokine responses, lung histopathological changes and lung inflammation to allergen challenge in a model of expedmentally induced asthma.     

吸入脂多糖对哮喘小鼠气道炎症和气道黏液分泌的影响

目的 观察哮喘小鼠吸入脂多糖 （LPS,作为刺激原）其气道炎症和气道黏液分泌的变化 。 方法 30只清洁级BALB/c小鼠随机分为哮喘组 (AST组)、LPS哮喘组 （LAS组）和正常组 (NS组),每组10只。哮喘组用卵清白蛋白 （OVA）致敏和激发制作哮喘模型,LPS哮喘组在哮喘模型的基础上加用LPS (50 μg/mL)雾化吸入30 min,正常组用生理盐水代替OVA。检测各组小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液 (BALF)细胞总数和细胞分类计数,采用ELISA检测BALF中的白细胞介素4 (IL-4)和肿瘤坏死因子-α （TNF-α）水平,HE染色观察肺部病理学改变,用阿尔辛蓝-过碘酸雪夫 (AB-PAS)染色气道杯状细胞,免疫组织化学法检测肺组织中黏蛋白5ac (Muc5ac)的表达,荧光定量RT-PCR检测Muc5ac mRNA在肺内的表达。并分析Muc5ac蛋白表达与各指标的相关性。 结果 AST及LAS组小鼠较NS组在BALF中的细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞百分比,IL-4和TNF-α水平、肺组织AB-PAS阳染面积, Muc5ac蛋白和mRNA表达明显升高,其差异均有统计学意义 (P均<0.05)。LAS组较AST组上述气道炎症（除单核细胞数外）和气道黏液高分泌指标明显增高,差异均有统计学意义 (P<0.05)。气道Muc5ac蛋白表达与BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞数、IL-4、TNF-α水平、气道AB-PAS染色阳性着色面积均呈正相关（P均<0.05）。 结论 OVA致敏和激发的哮喘小鼠出现以嗜酸性粒细胞、淋巴细胞浸润为主的气道炎症及杯状细胞增生的气道黏液高分泌,且气道炎症和气道黏液高分泌关系密切。LPS可使气道炎症和气道黏液高分泌加重,可能与LPS激发了体内炎症介质的生成、活化有关。     

瑞舒伐他汀抑制小鼠哮喘模型慢性气道炎症反应的实验研究

目的 评价瑞舒伐他汀对小鼠哮喘模型气道炎症反应的影响.方法 30只雄性BALB/C小鼠随机平均分为3组,即空白组（Control组）、卵清蛋白＋瑞舒伐他汀组（OVA＋ RUS组）和卵清蛋白组（OVA组）.在干预81天后处死小鼠获取支气管灌洗液（BALF）并使用ELISA测定IL-4、IL-5、IL-13和TNF-α含量,同时测定BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞数;并获得肺组织标本,进行HE染色和PAS染色及粘蛋白糖原表达测量.结果 HE染色发现,OVA致敏和激发81天后BALF中IL-4、IL-5、IL-13和TNF-α以及细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞数均明显增加（均P＜0.05）;同时小鼠肺组织出现明显的病理改变,且OVA组较OVA＋RUS组更加明显（均P＜0.05）.PAS染色和粘蛋白糖原表达分析发现,OVA干预后小鼠粘蛋白糖原表达明显增加,且OVA组较OVA＋RUS组增加更显著（均P＜0.05）.结论 瑞舒伐他汀可以减轻OVA诱导的慢性哮喘导致的气道炎症反应和气道粘液高分泌,为进一步临床应用奠定了基础.     

慢性烟曲霉暴露对哮喘大鼠气道嗜酸粒细胞性炎症及气道高反应性的影响

目的探讨慢性烟曲霉暴露对哮喘大鼠气道嗜酸粒细胞的募集活化及气道反应性的影响。方法使用卵白蛋白腹腔注射后雾化吸入法制备Wistar大鼠哮喘模型,采用雾化吸入孢子悬液的方式模拟慢性烟曲霉暴露,并设置相应的生理盐水对照组。测定反映大鼠气道反应性的指标Penh值,ELISA法测定支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中自细胞介素5（IL-5）、嗜酸粒细胞趋化因子（Eotaxin）浓度,肺组织切片HE染色观察气道炎症性病理改变,测定嗜酸粒细胞浸润程度。瑞士姬姆萨复合染色计数BALF中嗜酸粒细胞比例。结果烟曲霉可引起哮喘大鼠气道反应性升高及气道嗜酸粒细胞增多,加重哮喘大鼠气道过敏性炎症。烟曲霉暴露组中气道嗜酸性细胞增加与IL-5、Eotaxin水平升高相一致。但烟曲霉对生理盐水对照组大鼠的气道反应性、嗜酸粒细胞及IL-5、Eotaxin水平改变无显著作用。结论烟曲霉孢子雾化吸入可促进IL-5、Eotaxin的生成从而加重哮喘大鼠气道的嗜酸粒细胞性炎症,并可加重气道高反应性。     

哮喘小鼠CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞与气道炎症反应的关系

目的 观察哮喘小鼠外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞（CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg）数量的改变及其与气道炎症反应的关系。方法健康6周龄SPF级BALB/c小鼠20只,随机分为2组：正常对照组（A组）、哮喘模型组（B组）,B组以卵白蛋白（OVA）致敏激发方法建立小鼠哮喘模型;流式细胞术检测小鼠外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg占淋巴细胞的比例;检测小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）炎症细胞数;BALF炎症细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞数分别与外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg作相关分析。结果A组、B组小鼠外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg占淋巴细胞比例分别为（5．81±0．76）％、（3．21±0．74）％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）BALF炎症细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞数与外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0．929和-0．920。差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）结论哮喘小鼠外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg占淋巴细胞比例较正常对照组显著减少。且与哮喘小鼠气道炎症反应密切相关。     

糖皮质激素对卵蛋白致敏小鼠骨髓祖细胞扩增反应的干预

目的探讨地塞米松对卵蛋白(OVA)诱导的小鼠骨髓细胞体外扩增的影响作用.方法以OVA及生理盐水致敏并激发BALB/c小鼠,建立各哮喘及对照组模型.分别于OVA激发后2、12、24、48和72h及生理盐水激发后24h处死小鼠,取支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)计数其中的白细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)的数量.采用半固定培养骨髓细胞,培养基中分别加有白细胞介素5(1ng/ml)和不同浓度的地塞米松(0～ 0.2mg/ml),计数嗜酸性粒祖细胞克隆(Eo-CFU).结果 OVA激发2h以后BALF中白细胞总数和EOS显著高于对照组(P<0.05),过敏原激发24～48h小鼠骨髓Eo-CFU显著高于对照组(P<0.05).经低浓度的地塞米松(30.05 mg/ml)处理后的骨髓细胞Eo-CFU受到抑制(P<0.05)).结论过敏原诱导的气道嗜酸性粒细胞增多和骨髓中造血细胞性祖细胞的分化增殖增强有关,糖皮质激素对过敏原诱导的气道炎症的治疗作用可能部分通过其抑制骨髓造血功能实现的.     

不同剂量致敏原对小鼠哮喘模型气道反应性的影响

目的:探讨不同剂量致敏原鸡卵蛋白(OVA)制备哮喘模型时对哮喘小鼠气道反应性的影响。方法:将30只BALB/c小鼠随机分为哮喘组和正常对照组(C组),哮喘组又分为小剂量OVA致敏组(A组)和大剂量OVA致敏组(B组),每组各10只。A、B组在开始和第14天时给予含OVA的致敏液200μl(A组含10μg OVA,B组含2 mg OVA,两者含同样的氢氧化铝及生理盐水),21 d开始雾化吸入OVA,连续雾化6 d,操作时观察小鼠活动及呼吸情况;各组分别于末次雾化激发24 h后测定小鼠的无创肺功能中的增强呼气间歇(Penh)值以评价气道反应性;对支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)行细胞总数、嗜酸粒细胞计数;取肺组织作HE染色病理切片;ELISA方法测外周血、BALF上清液中的IgE、IFN-γ含量。结果:哮喘B组在第二次致敏后可见喘息、呼吸困难、口唇和尾巴黏膜发紫表现,并在雾化时出现扭体、燥动、呼吸加快等症状。哮喘A、B组的Penh值明显高于C组(P<0.01);从乙酰甲胆碱(Mch)6.25 mg.m l-1开始时哮喘B组的Penh值明显高于哮喘A组(P<0.01)。哮喘A组的BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸粒细胞数(2.41±0.90,0.93±0.18)较正常对照组明显增高(0.65±0.34,0.30±0.16,均P<0.05);哮喘B组中BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸粒细胞数(4.89±3.49,1.74±0.76)较正常对照组增高(均P<0.05);哮喘B组BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸粒细胞数与哮喘A组比较差异无统计学意义。哮喘A、B组的支气管、血管周围,肺间质及肺泡腔内可见嗜酸粒细胞、淋巴细胞浸润,气道上皮损伤,结构紊乱,气道内杯状细胞肥大增生,气道内分泌大量黏液并有黏液栓形成;正常对照组肺组织气道结构清晰,气道纤毛上皮排列整齐,无明显的炎症改变。哮喘A、B组中外周血和BALF的IgE含量均较正常组的增多(P<0.01);哮喘B组中外周血及BALF的IgE含量(37.47±6.18,26.10±7.18)较哮喘A组(26.09±3.76,12.47±3.02,均P<0.01)明显增多。哮喘A、B组中外周血和BALF中的IFN-γ含量均较正常组减少(P<0.01);哮喘B组中外周血及BALF的IFN-γ含量(35.29±10.92,37.44±21.01)与哮喘A组比较差异无统计学意义(32.22±10.04,36.89±22.00,均P>0.05)。结论:哮喘小鼠组模型制备成功。在观察气道高反应方面,较高剂量OVA致敏哮喘模型较低剂量OVA致敏的气道高反应性更敏感。     

无气道高反应性的嗜酸粒细胞性支气管炎小鼠模型的建立

目的应用不同大小的变应原颗粒雾化小鼠,尝试建立具有明显的嗜酸粒细胞（EOS）气道炎症、但无气道高反应性的BALB／c小鼠模型。方法BALB／c雌性小鼠,分为3组,每组6—8只：大颗粒变应原雾化激发组（实验组）、小颗粒变应原雾化激发组（哮喘组）、生理盐水对照组（对照组）。予卵蛋白（OVA）致敏后,实验组和哮喘组第28、29、30天分别用PARI TIA喷雾器和PARI LC STAR喷雾器雾化l％ OVA 15 min激发;xff照组致敏、激发采用生理盐水。测定动物的气道反应性,观察气道炎症程度。结果哮喘组的气道反应性高于实验组和对照组,实验组与对照组的气道反应性比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。实验组肺泡灌洗液中EOS百分率高于对照组,但低于哮喘组。实验组出现支气管周围EOS等炎症细胞浸润,程度轻于哮喘组。结论采用大颗粒变应原进行雾化激发初步成功建立了具有明显的EOS气道炎症、但无气道高反应性的BALB／c小鼠模型,为进一步研究气道高反应性的发生机制奠定了基础。     

辛伐他汀对肥胖哮喘小鼠气道炎症的作用及其机制

目的  探讨辛伐他汀对肥胖哮喘小鼠气道炎症的作用及其机制。方法  将60只C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为空白对照组、肥胖哮喘组、地塞米松治疗组和辛伐他汀治疗组。其中,肥胖哮喘组、地塞米松治疗组、辛伐他汀治疗组小鼠采用卵蛋白致敏、激发的方法和高脂饮食诱导建立肥胖哮喘模型。地塞米松治疗组每日给予地塞米松（0.5 mg/kg）饮水干预,辛伐他汀治疗组每日给予辛伐他汀（40 mg/kg）饮水干预,其余两组正常饮水。治疗4周后,计数存活小鼠,采外周血生化分析仪测定血糖、血脂、肝功能水平;收集支气管肺泡灌洗液,计数支气管肺泡灌洗液中白细胞总数及各炎症细胞所占比例;肺病理切片观察小鼠气道炎症和结构变化。结果  肥胖哮喘组、地塞米松治疗组、辛伐他汀治疗组气道炎症评分、回抽收集灌洗液中白细胞总数及中性粒细胞百分比、血清总胆固醇水平均较空白对照组升高,其中辛伐他汀治疗组上述指标较肥胖哮喘组、地塞米松治疗组下降,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。且总胆固醇水平与支气管肺泡灌洗液中中性粒细胞百分比呈正相关（r =0.724,P =0.020）。结论  辛伐他汀治疗可以减轻肥胖哮喘的气道炎症,改善哮喘病情,这一作用与其降低血脂水平有一定关系。

     

桑白皮总黄酮对哮喘小鼠气道炎症反应的保护作用

目的：探讨桑白皮总黄酮（TFCM）对哮喘小鼠气道炎症反应的保护作用及机制。方法：将C57BL/6小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组,TFCM低、中、高剂量组,地塞米松阳性对照组。除正常组外,其余小鼠给予卵清蛋白（OVA）致敏和激发。TFCM各剂量组给予TFCM（50、100、200 mg/kg）,阳性对照组给予地塞米松 （0.5 mg/kg）,正常组和模型组给予等量0.9%氯化钠溶液。将小鼠置于动物肺功能检测系统中测定肺阻力和肺顺应性值;收集小鼠的支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）及血液样本,用于白细胞介素IL-4、IL-5、IL-13、嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子（Eotaxin）、黏蛋白MUC5AC、MUC5B、IgE水平测定和总细胞、白细胞分类计数;肺组织HE、AB-PAS染色观察气道炎症情况。结果：与模型组比,TFCM处理可以显著升高小鼠肺阻力,降低肺顺应性（P＜0.05）;中、高剂量TFCM显著减少小鼠BALF中细胞总数、中性粒细胞、嗜酸粒细胞、巨噬细胞数量和下调IL-4、IL-5、IL-13、Eotaxin、IgE、MUC5AC、MUC5B水平（P＜0.05）;另外小鼠肺组织HE、AB-PAS染色结果显示TFCM可以使小鼠肺组织气道炎症明显减轻。结论：TFCM可以减轻小鼠气道炎症反应,且对小鼠哮喘有显著疗效。     

色氨酸代谢物调控Th17/Treg分化在小鼠哮喘变应原特异性免疫治疗中的作用及机制研究

目的 对色氨酸代谢物调控Th17/Treg分化在小鼠哮喘变应原特异性免疫治疗中的作用及机制进行研究.方法 将30只BALB/c鼠随机法分为5组:对照组、哮喘组、OVA-SIT组(OVA:鸡卵白蛋白;SIT:变应原特异性免疫治疗)、OVA-SIT+ 1-MT组(1-MT:IDO抑制剂,1-甲基色氨酸),OVA-SIT+1-MT+ KYN组(KYN:色氨酸代谢产物,犬尿氨酸).哮喘组:第0、7d予OVA致敏,第6周每天予1％OVA雾化激发,50 d予10％ OVA加强激发;OVA-SIT组:第4周每天予大剂量OVA皮下注射,余同哮喘组;OVA-SIT+ 1-MT组:第4周每天在腹腔内注入1-MT,1h后予大剂量OVA皮下注射h,余同哮喘组;OVA-SIT+ 1-MT+ KYN组:第3周每天加入1-MT,第4周每天加入KYN,末次加入KYN后1h予大剂量OVA行免疫治疗,余同哮喘组.末次激发6h内检测气道高反应性;对支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)进行细胞计数分析;ELISA检测血清IgE及BALF中IL-5、IL-10、IL-17;流式细胞技术检测脾脏CD4+RORγt+T及CD4+Foxp3+T细胞分化情况.结果 OVA-SIT+1-MT+KYN组较OVA-SIT+1-MT组酸性粒细胞浸润减少,炎症反应明显减轻.前者BALF中Il-5为74.8 ～ 86.8(83.48±6.02) pg/mL,IL-17为33.8～46.5(38.72 ±4.61) pg/mL,CD4+ RORγt+T细胞为2.45 ～2.82(2.60±0.14)％,CD4+ Foxp3+T细胞为7.83 ～9.09(8.36 ±0.53)％;后者BALF中Il-5为240.3～285.1 (259.65±16.27) pg/mL,IL-17为55.2 ～ 65.8(59.97±3.76) pg/mL,CD4+ RORγt+T细胞为4.31 ～5.34(4.94±0.38)％,CD4+Foxp3+T细胞为5.93～6.59(6.33 ±0.28)％,因此OVA-SIT+ 1-MT+ KYN组中Il-5、IL-17细胞因子以及脾脏中CD4+ RORγt+T细胞均明显低于OVA-SIT+ 1-MT组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而前组脾脏中CD4+ Foxp3+T细胞水平明显高于后者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 色氨酸代谢产物有助于特异性免疫治疗减轻气道炎症作用,其机制与通过调控Th17及Treg分化有关.     

Brg1通过STAT6促进哮喘气道黏液高分泌

目的研究染色质重构复合物核心催化亚基（Brg1）对哮喘小鼠气道黏液高分泌的影响及其作用机制。方法将6~8周龄 雌性野生型C57bl/6小鼠和Brg1-/-小鼠（Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞AEC2s上特异性条件敲低Brg1的C57bl/6小鼠）随机分为4组：正常 对照组、哮喘组、Brg1敲低对照组（Brg1-/-）和Brg1敲低后构建哮喘模型组（Brg1-/-+哮喘）,每组10只。哮喘组和Brg1-/-+哮喘组用 鸡卵清蛋白（OVA）制备过敏性哮喘模型,对照组用生理盐水代替。收取标本,用ELISA检测小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中 黏蛋白MUC5AC和IL-13的表达。糖原染色检测小鼠气道杯状细胞的增生和黏液分泌,q-PCR和免疫组化检测各组小鼠气道 黏蛋白MUC5AC的表达和定量。Western blot检测各组小鼠肺组织中STAT6、p-STAT6的表达。结果Brg1-/-+哮喘组较哮喘组 气道杯状细胞增生和黏液分泌均显著减少,BALF中IL-13、MUC5AC表达明显降低,肺组织MUC5AC mRNA表达显著降低, 同时肺组织STAT6和磷酸化STAT6显著下调。结论Brg1-/-敲低的小鼠建立哮喘模型时气道黏液分泌较野生型小鼠减轻,其可 能通过影响STAT6从而抑制黏蛋白MUC5AC的表达,抑制支气管哮喘气道黏液高分泌,表明Brg1具有促进哮喘气道黏液高分 泌的作用。     

姜黄素衍生物WZ01对哮喘气道炎症介质IL-13和组胺及糖皮质激素受体的影响

目的：研究姜黄素衍生物WZ01对哮喘气道炎症反应、白细胞介素（IL）-13、组胺及糖皮质激素受体（GR）的影响,探讨WZ01抑制哮喘气道炎症的机制。方法：30只小鼠,随机分为：正常对照组、哮喘组、低剂量WZ01组、中剂量WZ01组、高剂量WZ01组,每组6只。在第21～第27天1%卵清白蛋白（OVA）雾化激发,每次雾化前30 min予腹腔注射相应剂量0.9%氯化钠溶液或WZ01。末次激发24 h内,麻醉并处死小鼠,留取肺组织标本HE染色检测炎症病理改变,留取支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）进行细胞分类计数,ELISA法检测IL-13和组胺浓度,Western blot和免疫组织化学染色检测肺组织GR蛋白的表达。结果：与正常对照组比较,哮喘组小鼠气道周围可见明显炎症细胞浸润及黏液分泌,BALF中炎症细胞数量、IL-13及组胺水平均显著升高（P＜0.01）。与哮喘组相比,各剂量WZ01组气道周围炎症细胞浸润及黏液分泌显著减少,BALF中淋巴细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞数量明显减少,BALF中IL-13和组胺浓度显著下降,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;BALF中淋巴细胞数量与IL-13和组胺浓度均呈显著正相关（r值分别为0.886、0.886,P均＜0.01）,嗜酸性粒细胞数量与IL-13和组胺浓度均呈显著正相关（r值分别为0.897、0.898,P均＜0.01）。Western blot和免疫组织化学染色结果显示,哮喘小鼠肺组织GR表达明显降低,与哮喘组相比,不同剂量WZ01均能显著上调哮喘小鼠肺组织GR表达水平。结论：姜黄素衍生物WZ01可显著抑制哮喘气道炎症细胞浸润和黏液分泌,可能与其降低炎症介质IL-13和组胺浓度及上调哮喘小鼠肺组织GR表达水平有关,WZ01可能有望成为防治哮喘气道炎症的新药。     

耐受性树突状细胞对哮喘小鼠气道变应性炎症反应的抑制作用

目的: 用卵白蛋白(OVA)刺激的未成熟树突状细胞(immature dendritic cell, imDC)免疫小鼠,观察其对小鼠OVA激发的气道过敏性炎症反应的抑制作用,探讨耐受性树突状细胞疫苗诱导免疫耐受的可能机制,为临床防治哮喘提供新的思路.方法: 制备BALB/c小鼠髓性imDC.其余BALB/c小鼠分4组,10只/组:其中两组于第-7天分别注射无菌PBS(PBS组)、OVA刺激的imDC(imDC组),第三组于第13～20天注射地塞米松(地塞米松组),第四组不作任何处理(健康对照组);除健康对照组外,其余各组诱导哮喘反应:第0天和第9天分别注射OVA致敏,14～20天每日予OVA气雾攻击.第21天每组处理5只小鼠,检测肺部炎症细胞浸润及嗜酸性粒细胞比例、气道黏液分泌、脾细胞Th1/Th2型细胞因子表达及脾细胞中CD4 CD25 细胞比例;第49天,处理剩余动物,观察哮喘预后.结果: mDC注射组肺部炎症浸润较轻,脾细胞表达白细胞介素(IL)-13、4降低而γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)无显著影响,脾细胞中CD4 CD25 细胞比例较高,气道黏液分泌则少于PBS组,且预后良好. 结论: 过敏原特异性imDC疫苗注射可在一定程度上缓解哮喘小鼠气道的变应性炎症反应.     

屋尘螨诱导气道上皮TLR4表达和影响T淋巴细胞分化在哮喘气道炎症中的作用

目的研究屋尘螨（HDM）对于气道上皮Toll样受体4（TLR4）表达及T淋巴细胞分化的影响,以进一步探讨其在哮喘小鼠气道炎症中作用。方法雌性BALB/c小鼠30只随机分为OVA哮喘模型组（OVA组）、HDM组和生理盐水对照组（对照组）。OVA组用卵白蛋白（OVA）致敏与激发建立小鼠哮喘模型,HDM组给予HDM提取液替代OVA致敏与激发,对照组用生理盐水替代OVA。观察小鼠气道及肺组织病理炎症浸润情况,支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中细胞总数及细胞分类计数。ELISA检测小鼠BALF上清中IL-4、IL-5、IL-13、IFN-γ和IL-17的含量。实时荧光定量PCR法测定气道上皮TLR4 mRNA的表达,免疫印迹法测定气道上皮TLR4蛋白的表达。流式细胞技术检测小鼠外周血Th1、Th2及Th17淋巴细胞占CD4＋T淋巴细胞百分率情况。结果 OVA组支气管黏膜下水肿,黏液腺增生,以嗜酸粒细胞为主的炎症细胞浸润;HDM组出现肺泡腔及间质充血,中性粒细胞等炎症细胞浸润;对照组小鼠气道上皮无增厚,无炎症细胞浸润,肺泡壁完整。与OVA组比较,HDM组BALF细胞总数及分类计数除嗜酸粒细胞无显著差异外（P〉0.05）,其余均显著升高（P〈0.05）;HDM组BALF上清中IL-4、IL-5、IL-13及IL-17水平较OVA组明显增高（P〈0.05）,IFN-γ的表达无显著差异（P〉0.05）;HDM组气道上皮TLR4 mRNA及TLR4蛋白的表达明显增高（P〈0.05）,OVA组与对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。与OVA组比较,HDM组外周血Th2、Th17细胞显著增高（P〈0.05）,而Th1细胞无明显变化（P〉0.05）。结论 HDM诱导气道上皮TLR4表达增高,使Th2与Th17淋巴细胞活化,气道内炎症细胞浸润,可能在哮喘气道炎症中起重要作用。     

Protective Effect of Emodin against Airway Inflammation in the Ovalbumin-Induced Mouse Model

Objective: To investigate whether emodin exerts protective effects on mouse with allergic asthma. Methods: A mouse model of allergic airway inflammation was employed. The C57BL/6 mice sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) were intraperitoneally administered 10 or 20 mg/kg emodin for 3 days during OVA challenge. Animals were sacrificed 48 h after the last challenge. Inflammatory cell count in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13 and eotaxin in BALF and level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum were measured with enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay kits. The mRNA expressions of IL-4, IL-5, heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP- 9) were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: Emodin induced significant suppression of the number of OVA-induced total inflammatory cells in BALF. Treatment with emodin led to significant decreases in the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and eotaxin in BALF and total IgE level in serum. Histological examination of lung tissue revealed marked attenuation of allergen-induced lung eosinophilic inflammation. Additionally, emodin suppressed IL-4, IL-5 and MMP-9 mRNA expressions and induced HO-1 mRNA expression. Conclusion: Emodin exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in the airway inflammation mouse model, supporting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of allergic bronchial asthma.     

清肺止哮汤对哮喘小鼠气道炎症抑制作用的实验研究

目的:探讨中药复方清肺止哮汤对哮喘小鼠气道炎症的影响.方法:用卵白蛋白(OVA)致敏、雾化建立小鼠哮喘模型.末次抗原激发后48h收集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)和骨髓标本,计数细胞总数和嗜酸性粒细胞(Eos),并行肺组织学检查.结果:清肺止哮汤抑制气道炎症的最合适剂量为2.5g/ml.清肺止哮汤可明显减少BALF中细胞总数[(66.66±6.42)×104]及Eos绝对数[(3.52±0.53)×104],能使肺组织中细支气管、血管周围的Eos浸润和粘液的过度分泌得到控制.但和布地奈德(BUD)组[(56.00±9.28)×104,(0.86±0.26)×104]相比仍有显著性差异.结论:清肺止哮汤能部分抑制哮喘小鼠气道炎症.