一种环保型锌合金无氰镀镉工艺

在锌合金基体表面上从内到外依次制备锌镍合金预镀层、无氰镀镉层、三价铬铬钝化层和纳米封闭层。锌镍合金预镀层采用碱性锌镍合金电镀工艺,或采用酸性锌镍合金电镀工艺制备。按照GB/T 10125-1997《人造气氛腐蚀试验盐雾试验》进行中性盐雾试验1728 h,镀件表面无白色腐蚀物生成;按照JB 2111-1977《金属覆盖层的结合强度试验方法》测定,镀层没有出现起泡和脱落。这种镀层结构具有优异的耐蚀性和良好的结合力,克服了采用氰化预镀铜和六价铬钝化存在高毒性的技术缺陷,具有较好的市场前景。     

C—9D快速铁刷镀

C-9D快速铁刷镀用铁槽镀液配制，其中添加适量缓冲剂．抗氧化稳定剂、应力调整剂等，刷镀沉积速度可达单边10μm／min，一次镀厚能力1mm(直径方向)，镀层表面质量好，硬度可达HRC57，结合力好，耐磨性为45钢淬火的1．57倍。装车试验证明镀层质量可靠，镀液可存放一年以上。     

18Cr2Ni4WA钢磨损表面修复工艺研究

通过分析飞机襟翼作动筒活塞失效的原因,提出了修复该零件的新工艺——刷镀Ni-金刚石复合镀层。研究结果表明,最佳刷镀工艺参数为：工作电压12 V,镀液温度45～60℃,镀笔与工件相对运动速度10～15 m/min。采用该工艺对作动筒活塞进行修复,镀层的厚度为30μm时,硬度可达HV770,附着力良好,杯突高度为5.1 mm,耐磨性与基体相当,能满足修复磨损活塞的要求。     

铝合金表面电刷镀碱性铜镀层性能研究

通过刷镀特殊镍过渡层的方法,在铸铝基体上成功刷镀了较厚的碱性铜镀层,并对镀层的基本性能及摩擦学性能进行了测试和分析。结果表明,镀层厚度分布均匀、致密,镀层与基体界面清晰,未出现氧化物夹层, 镀层的韧性和结合强度均较好;测得碱性铜及铸铝基体的显微硬度分别为230．6、74．2HV0．5;碱性铜的镀制使基体表面显微硬度及耐磨性均提高了2倍多,磨损状况明显改善。铸铝电刷镀碱性铜技术可望在重型车辆变速箱轴承外套的磨损修复处理上得到推广应用。     

(Ni-P)-纳米ZrO2复合刷镀液研究

研究了复合刷镀(Ni-P)-纳米ZrO2溶液组成对刷镀工艺的影响,分析了复合刷镀层表面的微观结构,由此得出了复合刷镀(Ni-P)-纳米ZrO2的最佳刷镀液组成.实验表明,适当选择刷镀液中主盐、亚磷酸、络合剂、pH值、纳米颗粒添加剂等诸因素,可得到最佳的沉积速度和刷镀层质量.     

钨镍合金镀层油管适用性

为研究钨镍合金镀层防腐蚀技术在酸性气井油管上应用的可行性,在P110S挂片试样表面及油管内壁电镀一种钨镍合金镀层,对镀层试样进行模拟高含H2S和CO2环境中的耐腐蚀性能评价,同时对钨镍合金镀层油管进行上卸扣及密封性能的实物试验评价.高温高压釜模拟腐蚀试验结果表明,钨镍合金镀层试片在高含H2S高含CO2的油气井模拟工况下具有较好的耐蚀性能;硫化物应力腐蚀开裂试验表明,该镀层不影响基体材质的抗硫化物应力开裂性能.基于ISO 13679标准的实物试验结果表明,钨镍合金镀层可以用在特殊油管接头上,其具有良好的抗粘扣性能,且不影响密封性能.     

钴棒表面Co-Ni合金电镀及耐蚀性能研究

目的提高制备钴60放射源的钴棒在高温空气中的抗氧化能力。方法在金属钴棒表面先电镀Co-Ni合金,再电镀镍,最后在600℃的氢氩混合气中煅烧30 d。用电化学方法研究镀层的耐蚀性能,用XRD、EDS和SEM研究镀层的结构与组成及腐蚀前后的形貌变化。结果通过正交实验获得钴镍合金最佳电镀工艺条件为:电流密度55 m A/cm2,镀液温度65℃,p H=4.0,电镀时间25 min。以30℃、3.5%Na Cl溶液为腐蚀介质,进行塔菲尔曲线、阳极极化曲线、交流阻抗等测试,研究表明存在Co-Ni合金镀层,明显提高了Co棒的耐腐蚀性能。XRD测试表明,煅烧后,钴棒表面的镍镀层不改变面心立方结构。EDS测试表明,钴镍合金镀层中的镍质量分数为89.71%。SEM测试表明,纯钴腐蚀前后形貌变化厉害,钴镍合金腐蚀前后形貌变化不明显。结论介于钴与镍之间的钴镍合金镀层能增强镍在钴棒上的附着力和高温下的耐蚀性能。     

一种碱性电镀锌镍合金镀层的抗腐蚀性能研究

在一种锌镍合金碱性电镀体系中,以四乙烯五胺(TEPA)和三乙烯四胺(TETA)混合物作为镍离子络合剂的碱性电镀锌镍合金体系,在低碳钢基材上电沉积制备锌镍合金镀层.利用电化学工作站测试了镀层在3.5％NaCl溶液中的极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱,考察不同电沉积条件参数(电流密度、镍含量、搅拌等)对锌镍合金镀层的腐蚀电化学行为的影响.结果表明,在3.5％NaCl溶液中的模拟海水溶液中,通过极化曲线测得腐蚀电位和腐蚀电流可知镀液含镍含量一定范围内(Ni2+/Ni2++Zn+=15 mol％～20 mol％,得到的镀层对基体有很好的防护作用;随着电流密度的增大镀层的腐蚀电位变负;腐蚀介质的酸碱性越强对镀层的腐蚀越大.     

刷镀镍-磷镀层的生长模型研究

以目前应用最广泛的刷镀镀层之一——镍一磷镀层为对象,利用自制多功能刷镀电源、原子力显微镜等设备,测得了刷镀时间与刷镀电流之间的关系,通过数据处理求得了二者之间的函数关系,在此基础上进一步求得了电流密度（刷镀电流／刷镀面积）与刷镀时间之间的函数关系;利用原子力显微镜测得镀层界面处、接近界面处和远离界面处的镀层颗粒形貌,结合刷镀电流密度与刷镀时间之间的关系,建立了刷镀镀层生长的模型。模型具有重要的指导意义：根据所建立的模型可以控制镀层颗粒的大小,改善镀层质量,为实际生产提供参考和指导。     

球墨铸铁电刷镀快速铁镀层的显微组织及硬度

为提高球墨铸铁表面的显微硬度,设计了以刷镀电压、镀液温度、打底层种类及主盐浓度为主要因素的电刷镀快速铁正交试验,分析了各影响因素对快速铁镀层显微硬度的影响。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、划痕仪、显微硬度仪及摩擦磨损试验机分别表征分析了快速铁镀层的表面形貌、结合强度、显微硬度及耐磨性。结果表明:试验范围内的最优参数为刷镀电压6 V,镀液温度35℃、快速镍打底、主盐浓度400g/L,且在此条件下获得的快速铁镀层表面光滑、平整,晶粒细小,镀层的结合强度为30.07N,显微硬度是球墨铸铁的4倍多,快速铁镀层的平均摩擦因数为0.35。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.