Al2O3和Y2O3包覆的SiC复合粒子制备

本文利用非均匀成核法,将Al（OH）3和Y（OH）3均匀地包匿在SiC粒子表面,制备出被覆Al2O3和Y2O3的SiC复合粒子．包覆Al（OH）3的SiC粒子,其等电点IEP的pH=3．4移至pH=7.3,再用Y（OH）3包覆表面被覆Al（OH）3的SiC复合粒子后,其等电点IEP又从pH=73移至pH=8.6左右．并且表面包覆的SiC粒子,其水悬浮液流变性质发生了变化．经盐酸滴定表明,涂层物质的包覆率可达95％以上．     

Al2O3和Y2O3包覆的SiC复合粒子制备

本文利用非均匀成核法,将Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３和Ｙ（ＯＨ）３均匀地包覆在ＳｉＣ粒子表面,制备出被覆Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｙ２Ｏ的ＳｉＣ复合粒子,包覆Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３的ＳｉＣ粒子,其等电点ＩＥＰ的ｐＨ＝３．４移至ｐＨ＝７．３,再用Ｙ（ＯＨ）３包覆表面被覆Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３的ＳｉＣ复合粒子后,其等电点ＩＥＰ又从ｐＨ＝７．３移至ｐＨ＝８．６ｄａｄｋ。     

Al2O3和 Y2O3包覆的 SiC复合粒子制备

本文利用非均匀成核法, 将Al(OH)     

Al2O3—Coated Nano—SiC Particles Reinforced Al2O3 Matrix Composites

Properties of Al2O3-coated nano-SiC have been compared with those of as-received SiC.The isoelectric point(IEP) of SiC changed from pH3.4 to pH7.3 after coating with the alumina precursor,which is close to that of alumina.Because both surfaces of coated SiC and Al2O3 possess higher positive charge at pH=4.5-5.0 ,they are uniformly dispersed in the two-phase aqueous suspensions.Then a mixed powder containing nano-SiC dispersed homogeneously into the Al2O3 matrix was achieved from flocculating the two-phase suspension.Finally,Al2O3/SiC nanocomposited were obtained by coating nano-SiC with Al2O3 ,in which the majority of SiC particles were located within the Al2O3 grains.The observation by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and the analysis by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) showed that cracks propagated towards the intragranular SiC rather than along prain boundaries.     

高分散、均混合Al2O3-SiC-ZrO2(3Y)水悬浮液

用微波法制备主水合二氧化锆,通过包覆工艺,将Ｙ（ＯＨ）３均匀地包覆在水合二氧化锆粒子表面,制备出ＺＯ２（３Ｙ）的先驱体。然后用聚甲基丙烯酸铵（ＰＭＡＡ－ＮＨ４）对α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３、纳米ＳｉＣ及包覆水合二氧化锆表面的改性。     

包覆和凝胶注模成型对氮化硅陶瓷性能的影响

利用含 Al (NO3) 3,Y (NO3) 3和尿素的水溶液中无机盐的沉淀再经煅烧在 Si3N4粉料的表面包覆 Y2 O3- Al2 O3层 ,作为氮化硅烧结的助烧剂。包覆层改变了 Si3N4粉料的电动性和胶态特性 ,从而提高了 Si3N4的分散性。研究表明 ,经包覆和凝胶注模成型的方法所制备的氮化硅烧结体较冷等静压方法所获得的烧结体的抗弯强度和 Weibull模数都大大提高     

高分散、均混合 Al2O3-SiC-ZrO2(3Y)水悬浮液

用微波法制备纳米水合二氧化锆, 通过包覆工艺, 将Y(OH)     

Study on the structures of N-containing melilite Y2Si3O3N4 and Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5

Rietveld refinements have been used to determine the structure of Y2Si3O3N4 from X-ray data and Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5 from neutron powder diffraction data. The refinements show that in the melilite phase Y2Si3O3N4 and melilite solid solution Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5 the distributions of cations and anions are almost identical. They are analogous to the akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7) structure, with Si/Si,Al atoms at the origin and centre of the unit cell and with four N/N,O atoms forming the SiN4/(Si,Al)(N3.5O0.5) tetrahedra which share corners with SiO2N2/(Si,Al)O2.25N1.75 tetrahedra to form a continuous sheet structure. Each Y3+ or Nd3+ ion is surrounded by eight N/O atoms forming the coordination polyhedron in Y2Si3O3N4 and Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5 respectively. The arrangement of Al, Si atoms in the tetrahedra in Nd2Si2.5Al0.5O3.5N3.5 structure is also discussed. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2O3 composites with surface-treated carbon nanotubes (CNTs): dispersibility of modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on Al2O3 matrix

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) matrix have been reinforced by the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to overcome the inherent brittleness of Al2O3 matrix. In order to increase mechanical properties of MWCNTs-Al2O3 composites, MWCNTs need to be well dispersed and individually incorporated in Al2O3 matrix. In this work, aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) used as a Al2O3 precursor and MWCNTs were mixed in an aqueous solution for the homogeneous mixing of hetero-particles, as functions of the content of MWCNTs and the potential hydrogen (pH) of Al(OH)3 suspension. Firstly, MWCNTs were purified and modified by an acid reagent, inducing that the dispersibility of MWCNTs is increased in an aqueous solution by carboxylic group given on the surface of MWCNTs. The modified MWCNTs were added in the Al(OH)3 suspension, and then the mixture was filtered at room temperature. The filtered powders were formed using an uniaxial pressing and then densified by a pressureless heat treatment. As the pH is decreased the Al(OH)3 particles are well dispersed in an aqueous solution, due to the increment of repulsive force between particles with a same surface charge. MWCNTs are individually incorporated into Al2O3 matrix up to 1 vol.% MWCNTs, whereas MWCNTs are aggregated at the composite with 3 vol.% MWCNTs. Therefore, control of the pH and the MWCNTs content are key factors to be considered for the fabrication of MWCNTs-Al2O3 composites with high functional properties.     

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Si3N4-TiC Nanocomposites

1. IntroductionSilicon nitride is one of the promising structural ma-terials for high-temperature applications because of itshigh resistance to thermal shock, as well as high strength,high fracture toughness, and high resistance to chemicalattack[1~3]. However, wider application has been lim-ited mainly due to its inherent brittleness. Many effortshave been made to improve its properties by control-ling the microstructure or by fabricating various typesof composites[4~7].The silicon nitride wi…     

Si3N4/TiC纳米复合陶瓷材料R曲线行为

在微米Si3N4基体中加入亚微米Si3N4及纳米TiC颗粒,热压烧结制备出力学性能良好的Si3N4/TiC纳米复合陶瓷材料。采用压痕-弯曲强度法测定了复合材料的裂纹扩展阻力曲线(R曲线)。结果表明:材料呈现出上升的阻力曲线特性,显示出增强的抗裂纹扩展能力。其中,加入质量分数为10%亚微米Si3N4颗粒和15%纳米TiC颗粒的复合材料显示出较为优越的抗裂纹扩展能力,其阻力曲线上升最陡,上升幅度最大。分析表明:弥散的TiC粒子同基体之间弹性模量和热膨胀失配以及Si3N4类晶须拔出与桥联补强协同增韧,有助于纳米复合材料抑制主裂纹失稳扩展,导致复合材料的阻力曲线行为。     

Slip-casting properties of Si3N4 with Y2O3 and Al2O3 as sintering additives

The effects of particle charging and powder–liquid suspension stability on the slip-casting properties of Si3N4 powder were examined. Y2O3 and Al2O3, used as sintering additives, were seen to affect the dispersion stability of the base material (Si3N4). The zeta potentials of the three powders and the rheological behaviour of the 55 wt% solids-loaded slips, involving known concentrations of a polymeric deflocculant (Dolapix PC33), showed that the multicomponent system can be dispersed stably within the pH range 9–11. Green compacts, obtained by casting these slips into plaster moulds, were found to give densities in the range 50–61% of the theoretical value. © 1998 Chapman & Hall     

ZrO2 (Y2O3) 增韧的氮化硅烧结体的性能及相关系

在高温(1400℃) 超高压(4. 2GPa) 下制备Y₂O₃ 部分稳定的ZrO₂ 增韧的氮化硅烧结体, 通过XRD 及机械性能测试等方法分析ZrO₂ 的相结构, 研究氮化硅烧结体的增韧机理。结果表明, 烧结体中加入少量的铝粉, 可提高t2ZrO₂ 的相变能力, 达到利用部分稳定的ZrO₂ 增韧氮化硅烧结体的目的。稳定剂Y₂O₃ 在ZrO₂ 中含量小于2. 5mol% 时, t→m 相变量及断裂韧性随Y₂O₃ 含量增加而逐渐提高, 韧性提高来源于相变增韧和微裂纹增韧; Y₂O₃含量大于2. 5mol% 时, t 相接近100% , 韧性主要来源于相变增韧, 增韧效果随Y₂O₃ 含量增加而逐渐减弱。Y₂O₃ 作为良好的烧结助剂, 促进氮化硅烧结体在超高压下致密化, 烧结体的硬度随Y₂O₃ 含量增加逐渐提高。      

Influence of TiC additions on the oxidation behaviour of Si3N4-based ceramics

The oxidation behaviour in air of Si3N4 ceramics containing Y2O3 and Al2O3 as sintering aids, with and without a dispersion of TiC particles, has been studied between 1200 and 1400 °C. The influence of TiC additions on the oxidation kinetics is discussed in comparison with the results obtained for the Si3N4–Y2O3–Al2O3 reference material. However, in all cases and within the experimental temperature range, the oxidation kinetics were observed to be of a parabolic type. The microstructure of the oxide scales formed, which has been characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, was observed to depend on the oxidation temperature and the initial composition of the material. © 1998 Chapman & Hall     

Silicon sawing waste treatment by electrophoresis and gravitational settling

In silicon wafer manufacturing for solar cells, a great amount of hazardous sawing waste with tiny Si particles is produced, resulting in serious environmental problems. Recycling Si and abrasives from the waste is regarded as an effective solution. Based on the view of recycling, Al(2)O(3) might be good abrasives for cutting Si ingot due to its larger density and higher isoelectric point than SiC. This study reports the separation of Si/SiC and Si/Al(2)O(3) mixtures by electrophoresis and gravitational settling. At pH 9, nearly uncharged Al(2)O(3) settled quickly and the negatively charged Si moved toward the anode, leading to an obvious Si distribution on the cell bottom. The experimental results show the separation performance of Si and Al(2)O(3) at pH 9 was better than at pH 2.5, and the performance was higher than that between Si and SiC. The minimum and maximum Al(2)O(3) contents remaining in Si/Al(2)O(3) mixture were 9 wt% and 90 wt% after applying 1 V/cm for 24h at pH 9. The recovered material with high Si content can be considered as a new Si source for solar cell, and the abrasives can be reused in the sawing process.     

纳米SiO2氢氧化铝/十二烷基苯磺酸钠的表面包覆改性

通过氢氧化铝和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对纳米SiO2进行表面包覆和改性处理,改善纳米SiO2的表面结构和分散性.使用IR、FESEM、EDS、Malvern Zetasize 3000HSA自动电位粒度仪等表征手段,对表面包覆改性后纳米SiO2的表面结构、形貌及等电点等进行了测试和分析.结果表明,经Al(OH)3表面包覆后,纳米SiO2粉体等电点(IPE)的pH值从1.58变为7.1;经SDBS对表面包覆Al(OH)3的纳米SiO2进行改性后,纳米SiO2粉体团聚现象减少,单个纳米SiO2颗粒的粒径约为30nm.     

Influence of the addition of alkanolamines and tetramethylammonium hydroxide on the shape and size of zeolite-A particles

Influences of the addition of alkanolamines and alkylammonium hydroxide into the starting suspensions on the shape and the size of zeolite-A (NaAlSiO₄·xH₂O) particles were investigated by optical microscopy and liquid-state NMR measurements. Zeolite-A was prepared from a mixture of NaAlO₂, Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O, alkanolamine or alkylammonium hydroxide, and H₂O by hydrothermal treatment. The addition of triethanolamine (TEA) into the starting suspension led to the enlargement of the particle size of the prepared zeolite-A, whereas the addition of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) decreased it. TEA was confirmed to coordinate to Al to form [N(C₂H₄O)₃Al(OH)]⁻ complex, decreasing the degree of supersaturation of free [Al(OH)₄]⁻ and inhibiting the excess nucleation of zeolite. On the other hand, the addition of TMAOH facilitated the dissolution of silica gel in the starting suspension, very probably due to its higher basic property, and increased the degree of supersaturation of Si species, which resulted in the decreases in the particle size.     

The two-photon excitation of SiO(2)-coated Y(2)O(3):Eu(3+) nanoparticles by a near-infrared femtosecond laser

In order to improve the photoluminescence property of Eu(3+)-doped nanoparticles, Y(2)O(3):Eu(3+) nanoparticles were synthesized using the Pechini-type sol-gel method, then coated with SiO(2) shells by using the St?ber method for different coating times. The SiO(2)-coated nanoparticles were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, and their photoluminescence spectra were recorded under 800?nm femtosecond laser excitation. The results indicate that a two-photon simultaneous absorption upconversion luminescence is obtained, and their upconversion luminescence intensities are further enhanced after the surfaces of the nanoparticles are coated with different thickness SiO(2) shells. Compared to the upconversion luminescence intensity of non-coated nanoparticles at 611?nm, the upconversion luminescence intensities of SiO(2)-coated Y(2)O(3):Eu(3+) nanoparticles with coating times of 60, 90 and 120?min were enhanced by 3.30, 3.96 and 4.13 times, respectively. This can be attributed to the contributions of the increased amounts of Eu(3+) ions populated at the (5)D(0) level on the surfaces of the nanoparticles because the cooperative ligand fields between the Y(2)O(3) core and non-crystalline SiO(2) shell interfaces activate the 'dormant' Eu(3+) ions near or on the surfaces of the nanoparticles. From a Judd-Ofelt (J-O) theory analysis, the coated shell structures can improve the radiative quantum efficiencies of Eu(3+)-doped nanoparticles. It is therefore concluded that more intense red upconversion luminescence with high radiative quantum efficiencies can enable the SiO(2)-coated Y(2)O(3):Eu(3+) nanoparticles to have the great potential to be used as a fine resolution phosphor.     

Protein-repellent silicon nitride surfaces: UV-induced formation of oligoethylene oxide monolayers

The grafting of polymers and oligomers of ethylene oxide onto surfaces is widely used to prevent nonspecific adsorption of biological material on sensors and membrane surfaces. In this report, we show for the first time the robust covalent attachment of short oligoethylene oxide-terminated alkenes (CH(3)O(CH(2)CH(2)O)(3)(CH(2))(11)-(CH═CH(2)) [EO(3)] and CH(3)O(CH(2)CH(2)O)(6)(CH(2))(11)-(CH═CH(2)) [EO(6)]) from the reaction of alkenes onto silicon-rich silicon nitride surfaces at room temperature using UV light. Reflectometry is used to monitor in situ the nonspecific adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fibrinogen (FIB) onto oligoethylene oxide coated silicon-rich silicon nitride surfaces (EO(n)-Si(x)N(4), x > 3) in comparison with plasma-oxidized silicon-rich silicon nitride surfaces (SiO(y)-Si(x)N(4)) and hexadecane-coated Si(x)N(4) surfaces (C(16)-Si(x)N(4)). A significant reduction in protein adsorption on EO(n)-Si(x)N(4) surfaces was achieved, adsorption onto EO(3)-Si(x)N(4) and EO(6)-Si(x)N(4) were 0.22 mg m(-2) and 0.08 mg m(-2), respectively. The performance of the obtained EO(3) and EO(6) layers is comparable to those of similar, highly protein-repellent monolayers formed on gold and silver surfaces. EO(6)-Si(x)N(4) surfaces prevented significantly the adsorption of BSA (0.08 mg m(-2)). Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray reflectivity and static water contact angle measurements were employed to characterize the modified surfaces. In addition, the stability of EO(6)-Si(x)N(4) surfaces in phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) and alkaline condition (pH 10) was studied. Prolonged exposure of the surfaces to PBS solution for 1 week or alkaline condition for 2 h resulted in only minor degradation of the ethylene oxide moieties and no oxidation of the Si(x)N(4) substrates was observed. Highly stable antifouling coatings on Si(x)N(4) surfaces significantly broaden the application potential of silicon nitride-coated microdevices, and in particular of microfabricated filtration membranes.     

High temperature stability of multicomponent TiAlSiN and CrAlSiN coatings

The high temperature oxidation behavior of TiAlSiN and CrAlSiN coatings was studied. These coatings were deposited on silicon substrates by using a cathodic-arc deposition system with lateral rotating arc cathodes. Titanium, chromium and Al88Si12 cathodes were used for the deposition of TiAlSiN and CrAlSiN coatings. All the deposited Ti(0.49)Al(0.44)Si(0.07)N, Ti(0.41)Al(0.51)Si(0.08)N and Cr(0.50)Al(0.440Si(0.06)N coatings showed B1-NaCl crystal structure and possessed nano-grain sizes of 6-8 nm. For the high temperature oxidation test, the coated samples were annealed at 900 degrees C in air for 2 hours. The Ti(0.41)Al(0.51)Si(0.08)N with higher Al and Si contents possessed lower oxidation rate than that of Ti(0.49)Al(0.44)Si(0.07)N. The oxide layer formed on the Ti(0.49)Al(0.44)Si(0.07)N coatings consisted of large TiO2 and TiAlSiN grains at the oxide-coating interface, followed by a layer of Al2O3 in the near-surface region. The oxidation rate of the Cr(0.50)Al(0.44)Si(0.06)N coated sample was much lower than that of the Ti(0.49)Al(0.44)Si(0.07)N and Ti(0.41)Al(0.51)Si(0.08)N. The dense Al2O3 with amorphous top layer at the oxide-coating interface retarded the diffusion of oxygen into the Cr(0.50)Al(0.44)Si(0.06)N. The deposited Cr(0.50)Al(0.44)Si(0.06)N showed a high temperature performance superior to those of the Ti(0.49)Al(0.44)Si(0.07)N and Ti(0.41)Al(0.51)Si(0.08)N.