基于扩展主题模型的异常医疗处方检测方法

异常处方指的是医生为患者所开具的存在异常的处方。医疗处方中出现异常,如滥用药或者开错药等,会影响患者的治疗效率,甚至造成严重的后果。由于一些主观或者客观原因,医生总会开具一些异常处方。检测出这些异常处方能够提升患者就医效率,减少社会医疗成本,并且对药物滥用、多开药、错开药的有效管理等都有着重要意义。为此,提出了一种基于扩展主题模型的异常处方检测方法。该方法能够自动地从大量处方数据中检测出异常处方,并且对于每一个新的处方,该方法都能够判断其诊断和用药是否匹配,进而判断其是否正常。与其他异常检测算法相比,该方法具有更广泛的应用,不仅可以在医疗领域中使用,以检测异常处方,还可以在其他领域中使用,以检测其他特征之间的匹配关系异常。该方法已经得到了实现,并在真实的处方数据集中得到了验证。     

Computerized system for a nutritional support service

The development of a computerized system for the assistance of a nutritional support service (NSS) is described. A cooperative program exists between the NSS and the Department of Laboratory Medicine, whose computer system is used to support the activities of the NSS. A record is maintained on each patient followed by the NSS (15-20 patients per day). Demographic and anthropometric data, nutritional disorder(s), laboratory data, nutritional support therapy, patient response criteria, and concomitant drug therapy are components of the computer program. Computer reports are provided to the NSS for daily rounds. An automated nutritional assessment program has also been developed. Computer assistance has proven to be a valuable tool to support the patient care, education and research program of the NSS.     

中药特性信息数据挖掘系统设计

为推动传统中医药的研究与临床应用,开发从中药药方中挖掘方剂药理信息的软件系统,阐述该软件系统的系统结构、数据库设计、预处理设计。采用归一化数据处理技术与统计技术相结合的方法,挖掘出中药方剂的性、味、归经。采用空间矢量量化方案,结合传统中药理论,挖掘出中药方剂的功效。     

基于层次聚类的失眠处方用药分析

为了探寻层次聚类在失眠处方用药分析上的应用情况,进而分析失眠处方的用药规律,收集并整理了《方剂大辞典》中主治失眠的处方。对单味药物的四气、五味、归经及功效等数据,根据单连接、全连接和平均连接这三种不同的相似性度量方法进行层次聚类分析并比较。结果显示,基于全连接的层次聚类分组最为合理,将性味归经和功效有极大相似度的药物聚为一类,其聚类结果符合一定的中医理论。层次聚类结果客观地反映了失眠处方中药物间的关联关系,间接体现了失眠用药的药物组合规律,为临床用药提供新的研究方法和思路。     

Software for an air pollution measuring system: An application of modula

The program for a small embedded computer system has been implemented in Modula. The execution speed of this program was particularly important and the speed achieved was adequate. Some parts of this program are described using a notation derived from the Mascot approach. The use of the Mascot notation with a module-structured language is discussed and some suggestions for an appropriate style are made. Some simple optimizations of the program were made in order to achieve increased execution speed and it was observed that the final program ran at about twenty times the rate of an equivalent Fortran program. Some points on the suitability of Modula are briefly discussed and, in a similar way to previous authors, it is concluded that Modula is suitable for applications of this type.     

基于LabVIEW的数据采集系统的实现

阐述了开放式虚拟仪器平台LabVIEW的特点,并介绍了在该平台上使用普通数据采集卡进行数据采集的动态连接库的设计方法。在此基础上开发了一个由计算机控制的数据采集系统,并对电动汽车电机电枢电流、车轮速度以及车身速度等信号进行了实际采集。实验证明采用这种方法省去了复杂的语言编程,缩短了软件的开发时间,简化了开发过程,同时也增加了应用的灵活性。     

Rank order scaling in taste evaluation

A scoring system developed for comparing taste in two groups of individuals, patients with multiple sclerosis and a normal control group is described. The scoring system was extended to evaluate taste in renal patients paired by age and sex with controls. The results of the two comparisons are given. The scoring system can be used very flexibly in statistical comparison among groups and generated easily using a FORTRAN computer program. The use of this scoring system is compared with an alternative method which uses psychophysical functions.     

The accuracy of a Bayesian computer program for diagnosis and teaching in acute abdominal pain of childhood

The use of a computer program for diagnosing acute abdominal pain in children using Bayes' theorem is described and the results of a one-year trial are analysed in order to qualify and quantify the accuracy of the system and to suggest some of the educational benefits that might be obtained. A means of feedback to medical students is described which can localise their weaknesses based on their experiences of real patients and could be used by educators to measure the effectiveness of their courses and the major areas of difficulty being encountered by the students. The computer has in this instance achieved a remarkable degree of accuracy in view of several factors acting against it. Such experience is very encouraging for further endeavour in this area.     

基于MATLAB的计算机控制系统仿真程序设计

根据控制系统用方块图描述的相似性原理，系统模型在计算机里可等效为基本环节的描述。为使基本环节函数在多次调用时状态量不发生干扰，采用了全局数组和指针来存放中间状态。再由于计算机控制系统控制量离散的特点，把控制周期和仿真周期区别对待。运用MATLAB语言实现了这种结构化仿真算法，最后用一个仿人智能计算机控制系统的仿真实验证明了此程序的实用性和可行性。此程序算法设计简单，容易扩展且使用灵活、方便，可用于各种控制系统的数值仿真。     

一种基于单片机的多位LED显示系统的设计

结合HS型滑动轴承实验台测控系统的具体实例,提出了一种基于51系列单片机利用LED进行实时数据显示系统的设计方案及其实现。介绍了基于单片机的LED显示系统的开发与应用,详细介绍了单片机系统及LED显示器的两种显示方式,软件部分介绍了数据显示程序和选择按钮计数程序。     

基于文本分类技术计算中医方剂相似度

中医方剂是中医药信息的核心内容,借助现代化的工具和手段是处理信息中医药研究的新趋势。在数量逾十万的方剂中,许多方剂之间存在着相似性,一些方剂是在基本方的基础上进行增加或修改形成,研究方剂的相似性有重要意义。定义了相似度的概念,利用自然语言处理领域的知识,基于文本分类算法,计算方剂相似度,为研究中医方剂提供有用信息。     

中医药方剂相似度模型

针对当前方剂检索服务大多只提供简单查询功能,不能满足方剂知识整理与累积的需求,提出方剂4个方面的相似度模型。对于组成药、功效和主治的相似性,引入集合相似度模型。对于名称相似性,引入基于字符串的相似度模型,并进一步提出基于统计和词典的相似度模型。通过分析比较各模型,挖掘出方剂间的关联,完成方剂聚类。