镍基高温合金中几种主要杂质元素的ICP-AES测定法

提出了用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定镍基高温合金中Al、Cu、Mn、Si、Fe、Ti、Mo、Cr、Co等元素含量的方法。通过实验确定了溶样方法、仪器最佳工作参数和分析谱线波长,同时还研究了各元素间的干扰,来达到准确测定的效果。方法经检出限、标准样品测定和准确度、精密度、加标回收率试验,表明该方法准确、可靠、简便、快速。     

电感耦合等离子光谱法测定含镍生铁中多元素

采用混合酸溶解含镍生铁样品,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)可一次性检测含镍生铁中的P、Si、Mn、Cu、Ni、Cr、Mo、V、Ti、Al、Co、Sn、W、As和Nb等15种元素含量。实验表明该法精密度高、回收率良好,精密度为1.02%~2.78%,回收率为96.2%~104.0%,可以满足实验室高效分析的要求。     

高铬铸铁中元素分析研究进展

综述了高铬铸铁中Cr、Mo、Ni、Mn、Cu、Si、P、C及S共9种常规元素分析方法的研究进展,涉及分析方法有分光光度法、滴定法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法、光电光谱法等。     

ICP-AES法测定镍铁中Ni、P、Si、Cu

镍铁中含有Ni、P、Si、Cu等多元素杂质,传统的单一元素测定法虽然准确可靠,但操作过程复杂。本文采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定镍、磷、硅、铜的含量,通过选择合适的仪器测定参数、分析谱线消除共存元素间的干扰。实验结果证明此法相对标准偏差低,测定效果好。     

ICP-AES法同时测定中草药叶上花中的微量元素

采用HNO3-HF-HClO4系统湿法消解后,用ICP-AES法对中草药叶上花中16种微量元素进行了测定,含量从大到小的顺序为：Ca〉K〉Mg〉P〉Si〉Fe〉Na〉Al〉Mn〉Zn〉B〉Cr〉Pb〉Se〉Cu（其中Co未检测出）。该中草药接骨活性很可能与其中Ca、P、Fe、Mn、Zn、Se、Cu等元素有关。测定所用方法16种元素的线性相关系数在0.999 089～1.000 000之间,具有较高的准确度,并可多元素同时测定。     

微波消解-ICP-OES法测定黑芝麻中的18种矿质元素

采用HNO3/H2O2湿法微波消解制样,利用全谱直读电感耦合等离子原子发射光谱法(ICP-OES),全面详细地分析测定了黑芝麻中的矿质元素,共检出Ca、P、S、Mg、K、Al、Si、Fe、Na、Zn、Se、Sr、Cu、Mn、Ba、B、Ti、Cr等18种矿质元素,RSD值在1.21%～10.1%,其中13种元素在5%以内。黑芝麻中所含人体常量元素Ca、P、S、Mg、K、Na等的质量分数分别为1.79%,1.08%,0.59%,0.43%,0.41%和0.009 1%;微量元素Fe、Zn、Se、Cu、Mn、B、Cr、Sr、Si、Al等的含量分别为18.6,4.55,3.87,1.74,1.62,0.91,3.21,78.8,125.8 mg/100 g,未检出Pb、Hg、Cd、As以及Ni、Co、Mo等元素。     

X-射线荧光光谱仪测定钛铁中Si、Mn、P、Al、Cu

用X-射线荧光光谱仪测定钛铁中Si、Mn、P、Al、Cu的含量。通过对制样方法的研究,确定了合适的研磨时间、压力和保压时间,选择了仪器的最佳测量条件,用压片法在X-射线荧光光谱仪上建立了元素的工作曲线;通过强度测量与化学比对,精度、准确度能满足分析需要。     

X射线荧光光谱分析法测定高合金钢中的Si.Mn.P.Ni.Cr.Mo研究

论述了X荧光光谱测定高合金钢中Si.Mn.P.Ni.Cr.Mo的分析方法,并考察了准确度,精密度。研究表明:Si.P受Mo.Mn.W等元素的影响,必须进行校正,方法准确度和精密度令人满意,操作十分简便,快速。     

金属添加剂对Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂邻氯硝基苯加氢性能的影响

研究金属添加剂（Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Cu、Mo和Zn）负载的Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂催化加氢制备邻氯苯胺的影响。结果表明,适量的Zn、Cr和Mo能提高催化剂的活性和选择性,Mn对催化剂的活性和选择性影响不大,Fe、Co和Cu降低催化剂的活性。这与能和硝基形成多位吸附的单元镍以及电子因素有关。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定茶叶中元素

采用密闭微波消解方法处理茶叶样品,通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法同时测定矿物质元素。分析了各待测元素分析线、仪器射频功率、雾化气流量及溶液酸度对测定结果的影响。23种元素的测定结果相对标准偏差为0.24(Co)6.59(K),检出限为0.0012.405μg/mL,该方法能够满足茶叶中Cd,B,Cu,Zn,As,Ga,Pb,Ba,Ti,Sr,Mn,Co,V,Cr,Al,Ca,Fe,K,Mg,Na,P,S,Si分析要求。方法具有良好的精密度和准确度。     

丝状微生物形态分析方法及影响形态的因素

丝状微生物形态分析有直接观测法、计数表法和图象分析法等。其中图象分析法减少了主观性并引入了自动操作 ,弥补了人工操作的不足。影响丝状微生物形态的主要因素有搅拌强度、溶氧浓度和稀释率等。关于搅拌强度对真菌形态的研究大多集中在菌丝长度与能量损耗率的关系上 ,并提出了“削发”机制且对其进行了解释。搅拌强度与溶氧浓度对形态的影响并非孤立。稀释率对真菌形态的影响 ,目前尚无定论     

Effects of ultrasonic oscillation on processing behaviors of PS,EPDM, and PS/EPDM blend

In this study, the extrusion processing behaviors of polystyrene (PS), ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer (EPDM), and their blend (PS/EPDM, 80/20) were studied by using a special ultrasonic oscillation extrusion system developed in our laboratory. The die pressure and volume flow rate were measured at different ultrasonic intensities and screw rotation speeds. The dependences on ultrasonic intensity of die pressure, volume flow rate, and apparent viscosity of polymers, as well as die swell at the same screw rotation speed were investigated. The effects of screw rotation speed on the processing behaviors of polymers and their blend at the same ultrasonic intensity were also studied. The experimental results showed that in the presence of ultrasonic irradiation, the processibilities of polymers and their blend were improved. Their possible mechanism is discussed in this article. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1856–1863, 2006     

臭氧多脱副产物亚硝酸钙的复盐沉淀试验研究

针对复盐沉淀法(氢氧化钙与亚硝酸钙反应生成复盐沉淀)处理烟气中臭氧氧化氮氧化物的液相吸收产物亚硝酸钙,采用控制变量法对此反应的诸多影响因素(反应温度、反应物浓度、反应过程扰动和反应物形态等)进行了试验研究.结果表明:为提高复盐沉淀效率,需要选择合适的反应温度(80℃最佳),同时反应物投药量的增加以及反应过程湍流度的增大都能够有效提高复盐共沉淀效率.复盐沉淀会伴随着氢氧化钙的析出而动态产生,构建氢氧化钙的析出条件能提高亚硝酸钙捕集效率.     

多相光化学反应器的辐射能传递模型

以双通量模型为基础模拟多相光化学反应器中的辐射能传递行为 ,考虑透过光催化剂颗粒的光子总数修正了双通量模型 ,采用比较简单的模型说明了多相光化学反应器内量纲 1光辐射能分布和光催化剂的量纲 1吸收光子总数分布 ,举例讨论了半导体超细粉末二氧化钛为光催化剂的气固相光化学反应器在不同光催化剂粒径、不同反应器厚度条件下反应器内量纲 1光辐射能分布和光催化剂的量纲 1吸收光子总数分布     

A one-step sonoelectrochemical preparation method of pure blue fluorescent carbon nanoparticles under a high intensity electric field

A simple and efficient sonoelectrochemical method was proposed for the preparation of blue fluorescent carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) in pure water. Benefiting from the combination of the high intensity electric field and the ultrasonic field, pure blue fluorescent CNPs were rapidly generated without any complex purification. The obtained CNPs possess excellent fluorescent property and thermodynamic stability in aqueous solution. The effects of the high intensity electric field and the ultrasonic field on the fluorescent property of the electrolytic products were also investigated. Compare to the normal electrolysis, the high intensity electric field played a crucial role in improving the product purity. On the other hand, the electrolytic efficiency was obviously enhanced, since the ultrasonic field could act synergistically with the high intensity electric field. The obtained CNPs have the potential for application in bioimaging, immuno-labeling and fluorescence detection.     

悬浮态TiO_2光催化降解腐殖酸的影响因素研究

在悬浮态TiO2光催化体系中,探讨了光催化氧化降解腐殖酸的规律,考察了催化剂投加量、腐殖酸溶液初始浓度、初始pH值、光强、反应时间等因素对腐殖酸去除效果的影响。结果表明,光催化氧化法降解腐殖酸的效率比直接光解法有显著提高,腐殖酸的去除率从34.73%增加到65.61%(反应时间为3 h);TOC的去除率也大幅度提高,直接光解反应对TOC几乎无去除作用,而光催化氧化对TOC的去除率达37.5%;腐殖酸的初始浓度增加,初始pH值降低,光强增大,光照时间延长均能提高腐殖酸的降解率,其中pH值和光强的影响较为显著。另外,催化剂的投加量存在一个最佳值。     

采用增大凝结液滴方法的锥芯超音速旋流分离装置性能研究

To improve the separation performance of a supersonic gas separation device for the treatment of gas mixture with a single heavy component, a novel structure with shorter settlement distance was constructed and a method of droplet enlargement was applied. A series of experiments were carried out in the improved separation device under various conditions, using air-ethanol vapor as the medium and micro water droplets as nucleation centers. The effects of the inlet pressure, temperature and relative humidity, the swirling intensity, and mass flow rate of water on the separation performance were investigated. The separation was improved by increasing the inlet pressure and relative humidity. With the decrease of swirling intensity and mass flow rate of water, the separation efficiency increased first and then decreased. The inlet temperature had a slight effect on the separation. The results showed that the separation performance was effectively improved using the proposed structure and method, and the best separation in this study was obtained with the ethanol removal rate about 55% and dew point depression 27 K. The addition of water had little pollution to the air-ethanol vapor system since the water carry-over rate was within the range of %-0 in most cases.     

制备工艺对PTC复合材料阻温特性的影响

研究了密炼工艺对聚乙烯／炭黑复合材料室温电阻率及ＰＴＣ强度的影响,针对一定配方找到了最佳密炼工艺条件。电子束辐照交联能有效消除ＮＴＣ现象和提高材料的电性能循环稳定性,有助于制备低电阻率、高ＰＴＣ强度并具有较好电性能循环稳定及热敏开关特性和电路保护元件。     

荧光光谱法检测除草剂萘氧丙草胺

研究了酸度、有机溶剂对萘氧丙草胺（napropamide）荧光强度的影响。结果在pH2．20的0.10mol／L檬酸钠-盐酸缓冲溶液介质中，加入1．00ml乙腈，体系的荧光强度极大地增强。方法的线性范围5．0-1500ng／ml，检测限为1．5ng／ml，λex/em=285／339nm，方法用于河水中萘氧丙草胺含量的测定，结果令人满意。     

Preparation and enhanced ferromagnetic, semi-conductive, and optical properties of Co-doped ZnO rod arrays

In this study, co-doped ZnO rod arrays with wurtzite crystal structure were successfully prepared on zinc substrate by the co-precipitation method. The results of crystal analysis indicated that the dopant Co²⁺ was incorporated into ZnO crystal. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra and magnetization curves proved that their PL intensity and ferromagnetism were increased with the increase of Co²⁺ concentrations in a ZnO host. Current?Cvoltage characteristic curves of Co-doped ZnO rod arrays indicated that as-prepared samples were n-type semiconductors. Co-doped ZnO rod arrays could be envisioned to detect diseases and bacteria based on these properties.