一个多物流中心配送模型及其遗传算法

物流配送费用是物流系统的核心费用。以节约物流配送费用为出发点,建立了一个多物流中心配送模型,并构造了一个双重混合遗传算法。算法采用扩大的集合覆盖方法,将需求点预分配给配送中心,一个需求点可以依附于多个配送中心,然后在第一重遗传算法中将需求点精确分配给每个配送中心,在第二重遗传算法中规划各配送中心的车辆行驶路线。为第一重遗传算法设计了编码方案和交叉规则。在第二重算法中设计了交叉个体的选择方案,较好地解决了简单遗传算法早熟问题。数据实验表明,该算法是有效的。     

半柔性覆盖的多配送中心路线优化问题研究

为应对“双十一”“618”需求突发性爆涨下物流配送网络的爆仓、滞缓等问题,提出能够兼顾配送系统稳定性和配送路线竞争性的“半柔性覆盖策略”,研究半柔性覆盖的多配送中心路线优化问题。在传统配送中心路线优化问题的基础上,根据地理位置,区分固定需求点和柔性需求点,定义固定需求点只能由所属配送中心服务,而柔性需求点可由多个配送中心协同服务;以总成本最小为目标,建立半柔性覆盖的多配送中心路线优化模型;设计遗传算法求解,使用Matlab编译;选取申通快递在西安北郊地区的五个配送站点为实例进行求解,将求解结果与原始路线、“全柔性覆盖策略”和“固定分区策略”进行对比,验证了“半柔性覆盖策略”的有效性。     

单亲进化遗传算法在多个配送中心选址中的应用

为更好地实现多个配送中心优化选址,在分析物流配送中心的作用及现存的用传统遗传算法进行选址的基础上,提出应用单亲进化遗传算法求解选址模型。首先,将所有的需求点按空间地理位置的关系自然划分为若干个配送区域范围;其次,在每一个配送区域,利用父体所提供的有效边的信息,使用保留最小边的方法对个体进行进化,求得费用最低的优化路径;再以优化路径作为父体,求解从各基因为始点的基因片段之和,选择最佳基因片段组合,得到问题的解。该算法可以有效、快速地求得多个配送中心选址问题的全局最优解。     

车辆路径问题的改进免疫遗传算法

物流配送车辆路径优化问题是在物流系统中受到普遍关注的问题,也是一个NP-Hard问题.针对物流配送车辆路径问题,提出并实现了一种改进的免疫遗传算法,给出了一种新的编解码方式,给出了相关的提取疫苗、接种疫苗、免疫选择等免疫算子以及选择、交叉、变异等遗传算算子的具体设计,通过在遗传算法中加入免疫选择,保证了算法以概率1收敛,同时提高了算法的寻优性能.实例验证了该算法的可行性,有效性.通过仿真验证,该算法运算速度快、结果精度高,对物流配送车辆路径优化问题研究具有一定的参考价值.     

B2C电子商务中配送中心选址优化的模型与算法

在考虑商品供应成本因素的基础上,结合B2C电子商务企业物流配送网络的特点,建立了混合0-1整数规划的配送中心选址优化模型．该模型是一种特殊形式的选址-分配模型,具有NP难性质．为求解上述模型,开发了嵌入表上作业法的遗传算法．实例研究表明,该算法能高效求得模型的优化解,是求解物流配送中心选址这类复杂优化问题的一个较好方法．     

物流配送系统中车辆路径问题的实现

针对物流配送系统中大规模车辆路径问题(VRP)很难在有限时间内得到最优解的问题,在分析了目前现有启发式算法的基础上,提出了采用遗传算法的解决方案,以及在交叉算子和变异算子中引出一个调整方法,使调整后的线路费用被进一步减少.该方法在一定程度上改进了遗传算法收敛速度慢的问题,并用VC++进行实现.最后两个实验结果表明,调整的遗传算法无论在运算时间还是运算结果上都是令人满意的,它可以有效地解决大规模的VRP问题.     

一种新的多父辈交叉遗传算法

提出了一种新的多父辈交叉遗传算法.该算法引入了父代数量自适应调节机制,使得交叉操作的父代数量自适应地收敛到一个合适的值,以克服多父辈遗传算法对于父辈数量的敏感性.该算法还采用了评价值加权的多父辈交叉算子.该算子是单点交叉、两点交叉、多点交叉、均匀交叉、算术交叉以及多父辈频率扫描交叉等算子的概括和推广,具有凸空间封闭特性,可以保证子代个体的合法性.在经典测试函数集上的实验结果验证了本算法的可行性.     

有时间窗物流配送车路由问题的改进遗传算法

给出了有时间窗物流配送车路由问题的数学模型．通过引入新颖交叉算子RC，构造了一种改进的遗传算法．实验结果表明．该算法在解决有时间窗的物流配送车路由问题时，比PMX及RC算子具有更优的性能，在满足所有需求点的前提下达到各评价指标的综合最优，是求解配送车路由问题的一个较好方案．     

基于遗传算法的电子商务物流网络模型的研究

本文建立了电子商务中物流配送中心优化设计的模糊规划模型。模型考虑了物流配送中心建设投资和流通加工的规模经济效应。为此设计了遗传算法对之进行求解。仿真实例表明了模型和算法的有效性和可行性。     

GIS环境下的物流配送中心选址模型与算法研究

物流配送中心是现代物流的重要组成部分。在规划配送中心时,合理的配送中心选址可以大大降低配送中心的运营成本和建造成本。本文提出了一种物流配送中心选址模型,并设计了遗传算法与线性规划相结合的计算方法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.