Hem-o-lok结扎锁在后腹腔镜肾切除术肾蒂血管处理中的应用及注意事项

目的探讨后腹腔镜肾切除术中用Hem-o-lok结扎锁处理肾蒂的应用价值及注意事项。方珐应用后腹腔镜技术行肾切除30例,均用Hem-o-lok结扎锁处理肾蒂血管,其中肾动脉近端用L号（13mm）Hem-o-lok结扎锁2枚结扎,远端用1枚结扎后剪断,肾静脉用XL号（16mm）Hem—o—lok结扎锁近端2枚、远端1枚结扎后剪断。结果30例手术均获成功,无1例转为开放手术。术中术后无肾血管出血及其他严重并发症。手术时间90-240min,平均130min;出血量30-300mL,平均85mL;术后住院7～10d,平均8d。结论后腹腔镜肾切除术中应用Hem-o—lok结扎肾蒂血管安全可行,疗效可靠,值得临床推广应用。     

Hem-o-lok结扎夹在腹腔镜肾切除肾蒂处理中的应用

目的:探讨腹腔镜肾切除术中用Hem-o-lok结扎夹处理肾蒂的方法、优势及其应用价值.方法:2004年1月～2006年9月行腹腔镜肾切除术56例,其中38例术中应用Hem-o-lok夹处理肾蒂血管,包括腹腔镜单纯肾切除9例,腹腔镜.肾癌根治术18例,腹腔镜肾输尿管全长切除术11例.观察手术时间、术中出血量、是否中转开放、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间以及术后并发症等情况.结果:应用Hem-o-lok夹处理肾蒂的38例腹腔镜肾切除手术均获成功,无一例转为开放手术,术中术后无肾血管出血及其他严重并发症.手术时间35～270 min,平均165 min;术中出血量50～600 ml,平均187 ml;术后胃肠道功能恢复时间18～72 h,平均32h;术后住院时间7～16天,平均11天.结论:在腹腔镜.肾切除术中,Hem-o-lok结扎夹可以安全快速可靠的处理肾蒂血管,是一种新型有效的血管控制系统,具有广阔的应用前景.     

后腹腔镜肾切除术肾蒂血管处理方法探讨 (附39例报告)

目的:探讨后腹腔镜肾切除术中用腔内直线切割器(Endo-cut)和威克外科结扎锁(Hem-o-lok)处理肾蒂血管的安全有效性、经济性及优越性。方法:回顾性分析行后腹腔镜肾切除术39例,包括单纯性肾切除23例,根治性肾切除11例,肾输尿管全切除5例;其中用Endo-cut同时处理肾动、静脉18例,用Hem-o-lok分别处理肾动、静脉21例。结果:手术均获得成功,均未中转开放手术。1例Endo-cut离断肾动、静脉后残端严重渗血,近心端加用2个钛夹夹闭后未再渗血,其他处理肾蒂血管均顺利,术中、术后均未出现血管并发症。手术时间136～220min,平均160min;术中估计出血量60～320ml,平均125ml;腹膜后引流管于术后2～3天拔除,术后住院时间5～9天。结论:后腹腔镜肾切除术中用Endo-cut和Hem-o-lok处理肾蒂血管均安全有效,但Hem-o-lok更经济、便捷;对于肾蒂粘连严重,肾动、静脉无法游离者,用Endo-cut有优越性。     

手助腹腔镜肾癌根治术中肾血管的处理:切割吻合器还是威克结扎锁?

目的探讨手助腹腔镜中使用腔内直线切割吻合器(Endo GIA)和威克外科结扎锁(Hem-o-lok)截断肾血管的安全性及经济性。方法回顾性分析本院经腹腔手助腹腔镜肾癌根治术49例,处理肾蒂方法分别为:A组:使用腔内直线切割吻合器同时截断肾动、静脉(21例);B组:威克外科结扎锁分别截断肾动、静脉(28例)。结果 49例手术过程均顺利,无中途转开放手术,术中及术后无明显血管并发症。两组术中平均出血分别为78.3ml和92.1ml(P=0.244),手术平均时间分别为75.7分钟和94.1分钟(P=0.059),术后平均住院天数分别为7.52天和7.29天(P=0.761),术后第一日引流量平均值分别为145.76ml和172.54ml(P=0.143),均无显著性差异。术后前三日引流量分别为282.67ml和403.35ml(P=0.018),所用耗材费用平均值分别为3651.90元和2781.43元(P=0.008)有显著性差异。结论手助腹腔镜肾切除术中用腔内直线切割吻合器(Endo GIA)和威克外科结扎锁(Hem-o-lok)处理肾蒂血管安全性均较可靠,对于有经验的外科医师使用Hem-o-lok则更经济,是不错的选择。     

后腹腔镜下肾切除应用威克外科结扎锁处理肾动静脉可靠性分析

目的:探讨后腹腔镜下肾切除应用威克外科结扎锁处理肾脏动静脉的可靠性.方法:124例后腹腔镜肾切除,采用腰部3个Trocar(2个10 mm,1个5 mm),由腹膜外人路.根据肾动脉搏动找到并分离出肾动脉,游离肾动脉至适当长度,用13 mm威克外科结扎锁(Hem-o-lok,Week Closure Systems)处理肾动脉,肾动脉近心端以2枚夹闭,远心端以1枚夹闭.切断肾动脉,同法处理肾静脉.结果:124例均顺利完成手术,动静脉处理过程顺利、安全,所有病例均用威克外科结扎锁处理完成,无结扎锁滑脱现象,术中及术后未出现继发性出血,术中出血10～100 ml,平均45 ml,均未输血,术后平均住院日6.5天.结论:后腹腔镜肾切除应用威克外科结扎锁处理肾脏动静脉安全、可靠、经济、操作方便.     

钛夹和Hem-o-lok夹在腹膜后腹腔镜肾切除术肾血管处理中的应用

目的:评价钛夹和Hem-o-lok夹在腹膜后腹腔镜肾切除术中处理肾血管的安全性和可靠性。方法:回顾分析2003年至2008年我院施行的1 245例腹膜后腹腔镜肾切除术的临床资料,其中单纯性肾切除术879例,根治性肾切除术321例,肾输尿管全长切除术45例。用钛夹处理肾血管825例,用Hem-o-lok夹处理420例。结果:3例中转开放手术,但非肾血管处理不全引起。发生钛夹滑脱1例,未发生明显出血。钛夹组平均手术时间150m in,平均出血90m l,Hem-o-lok组平均手术时间125m in,平均出血60m l。无血管夹原因而需输血、中转开放或再次手术探查病例。术后平均住院5.2d。结论:腹膜后腹腔镜肾切除术术中使用钛夹和Hem-o-lok夹处理肾血管安全可靠,而且用钛夹还可节省治疗费用。     

Hem-o-lok结扎锁在腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的应用

目的总结腹腔镜阑尾切除应用Hem-o-lok结扎锁处理阑尾根部的经验。方法 2009年5月～2011年6月对284例急性阑尾炎和40例慢性阑尾炎急性发作行腹腔镜阑尾切除术,超声刀切断系膜至阑尾根部,16 mm Hem-o-lok结扎锁(Weck Closure Systems)处理阑尾根部。根部近心端1～2枚Hem-o-lok结扎锁夹闭,远心端以超声刀切断。结果 324例均顺利完成手术,未发生严重并发症。阑尾根部处理顺利,所有病例均用结扎锁完成,无结扎锁滑脱现象。手术时间20～70 min,平均35 min。术中出血2～20 ml,平均10 ml。术后住院3～5 d,平均4 d。300例随访5～14个月,平均7个月,无切口感染、再发右下腹痛等发生。结论腹腔镜阑尾切除术中应用Hem-o-lok结扎锁处理阑尾根部,安全可靠,经济实用,操作方便,值得临床推广应用。     

后腹腔镜下根治性肾切除术技术改进与并发症防治

目的 探讨后腹腔镜下根治性肾切除术中技术改进对降低手术难度和风险以及减少术中及术后并发症的作用. 方法 早期肾癌患者61例,均行后腹腔镜下根治性肾切除术治疗.术前根据增强CT检查判断肿瘤血管分布情况.术中采用30°自动对焦电子镜,自制气囊扩张器建立后腹膜间隙,全程使用超声刀分离,充分剥除腹膜外脂肪,分离时尽量保护腹膜,先游离肾脏周围,最后处理肾蒂,充分游离肾动、静脉,Hem-o-lok夹分次处理肾动、静脉. 结果 61例手术时间50～135min,平均70 min,术中出血量20～170 ml,平均65 ml.术后引流量20～210 ml,平均85 ml.术后住院3～15 d,平均5 d.术中发生下腔静脉损伤1例,以钛夹和Hem-o-lok夹夹闭破口;十二指肠穿孔1例,行一期开放修补. 结论 后腹腔镜下根治性肾切除术中使用30°自动对焦电子镜、气囊扩张和超声刀,手术视野更清晰,暴露更全面,直视下操作能更有效地降低手术难度,减少术中和术后并发症.     

Hem-o-lok结扎夹在腹腔镜肾部分切除术中的应用

目的：探讨腹腔镜肾部分切除术中减少打结的方法。方法：2005年3月～2008年3月，对22例肾肿瘤患者行腹腔镜肾部分切除术。其中肾细胞癌15洌．为临床分期T。期；良性肿瘤7例。术前放置F5输尿管导管．阻断肾蒂或肾动脉，锐性切除肿瘤，用线尾带Hem-o-lok结扎央的20可吸收线缝合肾实质及集合系统，术后注射美蓝检查是否漏尿。结果：本组患者肿瘤平均大小为3．2（1．4～4．6）cm，平均手术时间为110（85～270）min，平均热缺血时间为33．2（111～55）min，估计出血量平均为197（30～1000）ml。1例中转开放手术，行肾切除术。无术后出血及漏尿发生。结论：腹腔镜肾部分切除术中应用Hem-o-lok结扎夹简化了缝合过程，是一种安全、有效的打结替代方法。     

Hem-o-lok在后腹腔镜肾切除术中的应用

目的 探讨后腹腔镜下肾切除术中带锁塑料夹（Hem-o-lok）的应用效果. 方法 2003年11月～2006年11月行后腹腔镜下肾切除术178例.取腰部3个穿刺点入路,肾动脉和静脉分别用Hem-o-lok夹闭后切断,输尿管在近髂血管处切断.对于活体取肾,立即取出肾脏用4 ℃肾脏保存液灌注肾脏. 结果 178例手术均成功,无中转开放手术,无Hem-o-lok滑脱.手术时间平均100 min（60～200 min）,术中出血量平均95 ml（20～200 ml）.并发症2例：肾静脉损伤1例,胰尾损伤1例.术后住院平均5 d（4～8 d）.病理报告：65例肾透明细胞癌,肾囊腺癌3例,平滑肌肉瘤1例,肾淋巴瘤1例,肾嗜酸细胞瘤2例,肾错构瘤2例;输尿管移行细胞癌12例,输尿管鳞癌2例;肾盂移行细胞癌31例,肾盂黄色肉芽肿1例;肾结核4例,副肾1例,肾结石4例,肾积水4例,肾脓肿1例.136例随访1～36个月,平均25个月,64例随访＜1年,53例随访1～2年,19例随访2～3年,未发现肾窝及切口转移,未发现远处转移. 结论 后腹腔镜下肾切除术中使用Hem-o-lok处理肾脏血管安全可靠,疗效良好,对于活体取肾保证供肾血管长度有优势.     

Clinical research of renal vein control using Hem-o-lok clips in laparoscopic nephrectomy

Control of the renal vein represents a crucial step in laparoscopic nephrectomy. Although endovascular gastrointestinal anastomosis (GIA) staplers have generally been used for renal vein control because of the large diameter of the vessel, Hem-o-lok clips have recently been used for renal artery control. GIA staplers are expensive and can malfunction on rare occasions, resulting in severe complications. We evaluated renal vein control using Hem-o-lok clips (adaptive vascular width 7-16 mm) in laparoscopic nephrectomy. Since April 2004, we have ligated renal arteries using Hem-o-lok clips. From June 2004, this method was applied for renal vein control in 40 laparoscopic nephrectomies. After renal pedicle dissection, renal pedicle ligation was accomplished using extra large (XL) Hem-o-lok clips on both the renal arteries and veins by placing two clips on the patient side and one clip on the specimen side. Ligation times for obtaining renal vein control were compared between XL Hem-o-lok clips and GIA staplers in 40 cases before June 2004. Vascular control using XL Hem-o-lok clips was successful in all 40 cases, without any slipping of clips or uncontrolled bleeding. After renal pedicle dissection, ligation time for achieving renal vein control was 167.0 +/- 48 s (range: 122-295 s) using XL Hem-o-lok clips (mean, three clips) and 68 +/- 24.0 s (range: 54-150 s) using a GIA stapler. XL Hem-o-lok clips allow safe and reliable control of renal veins in laparoscopic nephrectomy. Ligation time is only 100 s longer than using a GIA stapler. In addition, costs are reduced by more than 90% compared to GIA stapling.     

Vascular control of the renal pedicle using the hem-o-lok polymer ligating clip in 50 consecutive hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomies

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A crucial step in laparoscopic nephrectomy is control and ligation of the renal pedicle. Commonly, an endovascular gastrointestinal anastomosis (GIA) stapling device, titanium staples, or both is employed for vascular control. Herein, we report on the use of the Hem-o-Lok polymer ligating clip (Weck Closure Systems, Research Triangle Park, NC) for the routine control of the renal pedicle (both venous and arterial) during hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From March 2001 to December 2002, 50 hand-assisted simple or radical nephrectomies were performed by a single surgeon. The Hem-o-lok polymer ligating clip was utilized exclusively for ligation of the renal pedicle, with placement of two clips on the patient's side and one distally on the specimen side. RESULTS: Vascular control was achieved safely in all cases. Neither slippage nor complications were found in any of these cases. CONCLUSIONS: Vascular control of the renal pedicle via the Hem-o-Lok polymer ligating clip is safe and dependable for laparoscopic radical/simple nephrectomies.     

腹腔镜肾切除术中钛夹处理肾蒂的体会

目的:介绍腹腔镜肾切除术中单纯采用钛夹处理肾蒂的术式与经验。方法:腹腔镜肾切除术7例,其中肾积水无功能肾6例,肾结核1例。经腹腔镜操作,分离出输尿管显露肾蒂,肾动脉、肾静脉钛夹夹闭后切断,单纯采用钛夹处理肾蒂切除肾脏。结果:手术均获成功,术中和术后无肾血管出血发生。手术时间130~220m in,平均150m in;术中出血80~150m l,平均120m l;术后住院时间5~7d。结论:腹腔镜肾切除术中单纯采用钛夹处理肾蒂,效果确切,经济可行。     

性腺血管为标记经腹腹腔镜程序化处理肾蒂的技巧

目的探讨以性腺血管为标记的经腹腹腔镜处理肾蒂的手术操作技巧。 方法2014年5月至2018年7月,中山大学第三附属医院岭南医院由同一术者进行经腹入路腹腔镜肾切除手术72例,其中单纯肾切除术42例(感染性无功能肾28例、肾结核10例、单纯无功能肾4例),肾癌根治术22例,肾输尿管全长切除术8例。采用以性腺血管为标记的方法,解剖显露肾蒂,用Hem－o－lok处理肾蒂。 结果72例手术顺利完成,均能完好显露性腺血管并以性腺血管为标记寻找肾蒂。手术时间(148±68)min,出血量(80±57)ml,无中转开放手术,无周围脏器损伤。 结论以性腺血管为解剖标记程序化显露肾蒂血管,增加腹腔镜肾手术的手术安全性,缩短手术时间。     

Routine vascular control using the Hem-o-lok clip in laparoscopic nephrectomy: animal study and clinical application

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: During laparoscopic nephrectomy (LPN), a stapling device is often used for vascular control, especially of the renal vein. Herein, we report our experience using a polymer clip (Hem-o-lok) for routine control of the vessels during LPN in the animal and clinical setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty ablative and fifteen live-donor nephrectomies were performed in domestic pigs. Hem-o-lok clips (10 mm; Weck Closure System, Research Triangle Park, NC) were routinely used for vascular control. In addition, from January 2001 to July 2002, 46 patients underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic (HAL) (N=40) or laparoscopic (N=6) nephrectomy for renal disease or donor nephrectomy. Venous control was achieved solely by the Hem-o-lok clips where at least two clips were applied on the patient side. Arterial control was obtained by the Hem-o-lok clips either alone or in combination with the metal clips. The technical difficulty in obtaining vascular control, transfusion requirement, and clinical outcome were evaluated. RESULTS: In the animal study (total 65 nephrectomies), individual vascular control was obtained by the Hem-o-lok clip in all cases except two, where vascular injury during dissection necessitated endoscopic stapling of renal hilum or open conversion. The warm ischemic time for animal donor kidney harvest was uniformly <2 minutes. In the clinical study, arterial control was obtained mostly by a combination of Hem-o-lok and metal clips. Venous control using the Hem-o-lok was successful in all 46 cases without any slipping of clips or uncontrolled bleeding. The mean operating time was 148 minutes. No open conversion was required. The transfusion rate was 6.5% (N=3), with none of the transfusions being related to inadequacy of vascular control using the Hem-o-lok. Major complications included deep vein thrombosis and postoperative retroperitoneal hemorrhage (same patient) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (N = 1). The mean postoperative stay was 5.2 days (range 1-20 days). CONCLUSION: The Hem-o-lok is a reliable and economical device for vascular control in laparoscopic renal surgery.     

Hem-o-lok结扎夹在腹腔镜肾切除肾动脉处理失败（附4例报告）

目的：报告Hem—o—lok结扎夹在腹腔镜肾切除术中肾动脉处理失败的体会。方法：报告我院4例经后腹腔途径行腹腔镜肾切除术时Hem—o—lok结扎夹结扎肾动脉时动脉断裂出血的临床资料。男3例,女1例。平均年龄76岁（58～84岁）。肾透明细胞癌2级2例,。肾透明细胞癌1～2级1例,肾盂移行细胞癌1例。行腹腔镜肾癌根治术3例,腹腔镜肾输尿管全长切除术1例。4例均经后腹腔途径行腹腔镜肾切除术,采用Hem—o—lok结扎夹结扎肾动脉和肾静脉。结果：3例Hem—o—lok结扎夹结扎。肾动脉后,肾动脉结扎处近心端发生部分断裂出血,1例肾动静脉结扎切断后肾脏已完全游离在取肾脏标本时肾动脉完全断裂引起大出血。4例均改行开放手术,血管阻断钳部分阻断腹主动脉,可吸收线缝合血管断端。平均手术时间80min（65～110min）,术中平均出血量450ml（200～1000m1）,1例术中输血800ml。结论：腹腔镜肾切除时Hem-o-lok结扎夹结扎肾动脉具有一定的潜在危险,肾动脉一旦断裂需及时改行开放手术。     

Hem-o-lok clips for vascular control during laparoscopic ablative nephrectomy: a single-center experience

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vascular control is an important step in laparoscopic nephrectomy. The various options are titanium clips, Hem-o-lok clips (Weck Closure Systems, Research Triangle Park, NC), T-knot, and stapling devices. We report our experience with the use of Hem-o-lok clips. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2001 to June 2004, 246 laparoscopic ablative nephrectomies (178 simple; 68 radical) were performed at our institute for benign and malignant conditions. All patients (mean age 46.76+/-26.31 years) were evaluated by detailed history and physical examination and laboratory investigations and underwent standard transperitoneal (N=204) or retroperitoneal (N=42) nephrectomy. Venous and arterial control was obtained using Hem-o-lock clips. In cases where the clips could not be applied directly on the renal vein, various maneuvers were employed to secure the occlusion. The features compared were the number of clips used, safety, cost, and requirement for blood transfusion. RESULTS: Conversion to an open procedure was required in 36 patients (28 in the transperitoneal group and 8 in the retroperitoneal group). The mean operative time was 280+/-35 minutes and 235+/-44 minutes in the retroperitoneal and transperitoneal groups, respectively. In all cases, arterial and venous control was achieved by application of two Hem-o-lok clips on the patient side. Blood transfusion was required by 7.2% of the patients (right-side nephrectomy 4.6%; left side nephrectomy 2.6%), but none was attributable to clip-related complication. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.4 days. CONCLUSION: Hem-o-lok clips are a reliable and cost-effective means of achieving vascular control during laparoscopic nephrectomy.