多功能精练粉TF-120EB

多功能精练粉TF 120EB集碱剂、渗透、精练、螯合及双氧水稳定剂功能于一体,与常规多功能精练粉一样,适用于全棉织物长车碱氧一浴汽蒸工艺。用其对全棉纱卡进行碱氧一浴汽蒸前处理的优化工艺为：精练粉TF 120EB 30~40 g/L,100%双氧水8~15 g/L,汽蒸时间40~90 min。与市售同类产品相比,TF 120EB具有更优异的渗透性和双氧水稳定性以及与棉用增白剂良好的同浴复配稳定性。     

精练酶881在纯棉织物短流程前处理中的应用

选用精练酶881对纯棉平纹织物进行练漂一浴法处理,探讨了精练酶881、双氧水和稳定剂硅酸钠用量及汽蒸时间对棉织物性能的影响。优化的工艺为:精练酶881 20 g/L,双氧水(35%)8 mL/L,硅酸钠5 g/L,100℃汽蒸60 min。精练酶881一浴前处理工艺简单,对纤维损伤小,处理后棉织物的各项性能指标与常规工艺的相当。     

纯棉机织物连续生化前处理

针对棉织物常规前处理工艺存在工时长、污染大、能耗高等问题,采用连续式生化前处理工艺处理棉织物,即先用生物酶制剂对织物进行预处理,再进行氧漂处理。优化的复合酶预处理工艺为:复合生物酶4～6g/L,渗透剂4g/L,60℃保温堆置90min;优化的氧漂工艺为:复合前处理剂CTA-8800L-220～25g/L,辅助剂4～6g/L,100%双氧水8～10g/L,100℃汽蒸60min。结果表明,织物的白度、毛效、退浆率和强力等均优于常规工艺,且较常规工艺减少一次高温汽蒸工序,符合节能减排要求。     

简化的棉织物一浴连续前处理工艺

通过正交试验,确定了简化的棉织物一浴连续轧蒸前处理的最佳工艺条件:30％双氧水35 g/L、精练剂YJ 15 g/L、配套助剂KX-10 42g/L、轧余率80％、汽蒸时间20 min.该前处理工艺不用烧碱,工艺流程短、效率高,对环境有利,处理效果与传统工艺相近.     

基于一种棉织物的等离子体前处理工艺研究

对常压空气等离子体预处理后的棉织物进行碱氧一浴前处理工艺研究,得知经过常压等离子体预处理的织物碱氧一浴前处理,既可节约化学助剂的用量,又可节省水、电、汽的用量,而且能达到传统碱氧一浴前处理工艺的效果。     

纯棉厚重织物的一浴法前处理工艺

采用精练酶881和去蜡剂对纯棉厚重织物纱卡进行退、煮、漂一浴法处理,探讨了精练酶881用量、去蜡剂用量、双氧水用量、汽蒸时间和稳定剂硅酸钠用量对处理后棉织物性能的影响。通过试验得出最佳工艺条件为：精练酶881用量25 g/L,去蜡剂8 mL/L,双氧水12 mL/L,硅酸钠8 g/L,在100 ℃条件下汽蒸60 min。精练酶881一浴法前处理工艺简单,对纤维损伤小,处理后的棉织物各项性能指标均优于常规法前处理工艺。     

双氧水活化剂NOBS在棉织物冷轧堆一步法前处理中应用

针对传统棉织物冷轧堆前处理工艺耗时长和耗碱高等问题,采用活化剂壬酰氧基苯磺酸钠(NOBS)、烧碱和双氧水体系对棉织物进行冷轧堆一步法前处理.通过单因素试验和正交试验分析了各工艺因素对棉织物前处理效果的影响,开发了一套低能耗、高效率的冷轧堆前处理新工艺,其优化工艺条件为:H2O2(35%)用量50 g/L,NaOH用量25 g/L,NOBS用量5 g/L,堆置7 h.结果表明:与传统冷轧堆工艺相比,该活化冷轧堆前处理工艺耗碱量低,堆置时间短,能很好地改善前处理织物的品质.     

棉织物等离子体预处理后的前处理工艺研究

文章对常压空气等离子体预处理后的棉织物进行碱氧一浴前处理工艺研究,通过研究得知,经常压等离子体预处理的织物碱氧一浴前处理即节约了化学助剂的用量,又节省了水、电、汽的用量,而且达到了传统前处理的效果.     

亚麻/棉织物的冷轧堆前处理工艺

针对亚麻/棉织物前处理过程中强力损失较大、能耗高等难题,采用冷轧堆工艺取代常规前处理工艺。考察了不同工艺对亚麻棉织物强力损失、麻皮残留数量和白度的影响。结果表明,织物采用先碱氧冷轧堆工艺煮漂处理,再进行氧漂的前处理工艺,织物强力下降最少,白度与常规工艺相当,麻皮残留少。优化的煮漂冷轧堆工艺条件为:30%双氧水40 g/L,活化剂10 g/L,冷堆时间24 h。     

棉梭织物酶、碱氧短流程前处理工艺研究

采用酶冷堆退浆、煮漂一步法对棉梭织物进行短流程前处理,并对处理后的棉织物进行性能分析,得到最优工艺条件:酶冷堆置过程中退浆酶WT840 4g/L、JFC 2g/L,一步法汽蒸过程中精练剂XQC 6g/L、硅酸钠6g/L、氢氧化钠5g/L、过氧化氢(100%)9g/L.在此工艺条件下前处理的效果与传统前处理工艺效果接近,退浆率可达到93%以上,白度为84,毛效达到11cm/30min,该工艺相比传统两步法前处理工艺可省去多道工序,具有碱用量少、节能节水等优点.     

聚吡咯/银导电涤纶织物的制备及其性能

为拓展聚吡咯/银(PPy/Ag)导电涤纶织物的应用领域,在等离子体预处理涤纶织物的条件下,以硝酸银为氧化剂,采用一锅法制备PPy/Ag导电涤纶织物。借助傅里叶红外光谱仪、X 射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜等对导电织物进行表征,通过电阻仪测试导电织物的方阻值,采用琼脂平皿法测试其抑菌效果。结果表明:制备的PPy/Ag导电涤纶织物具有良好的导电性,并对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有明显的抑制作用;导电织物的导电性与等离子体预处理涤纶织物的次数呈正相关,且在等离子体预处理4次时,其方阻达到最小值0.22 kΩ/□。     

Non-thermal plasma as an innovative pretreatment technology in delignification of brewery by-product

Non-thermal plasma was applied as an innovative pretreatment for the delignification of brewery by-products. The influence of different plasma gases (pure air or air/argon), time and solids concentration (7.5, 10 and 12.5%) was evaluated during the delignification tests. The levels of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were monitored before and after treatment. The reduction in lignin content was approximately 50% after 5 min using pure air in all tested solids concentrations. Longer pretreatment times (60 min) influenced the removal of hemicellulose (50%) and cellulose (12%), also indicated by morphological changes. After 5 and 60 min of plasma application, the physical-chemical characteristics showed minor changes in its chemical composition, mainly affected by the losses of lignocellulosic compounds. Non-thermal plasma is considered an attractive alternative for the pretreatment of brewery by-products, resulting mainly in removing lignin, assisting in subsequent processes such as the enzymatic hydrolysis of the spent solid.     

等离子体预处理对聚吡咯/涤纶经编导电织物结构和性能的影响

为改善导电高聚物在涤纶经编针织物上的附着效果,采用常温常压等离子体预处理方法对涤纶织物进行表面改性处理,并通过原位聚合法制备了聚吡咯/涤纶导电针织物,研究了等离子体预处理对聚吡咯在涤纶针织物上附着效果的影响,借助扫描电子显微镜和电阻仪分析了导电织物的微观形貌以及平磨前后方阻值的变化。结果表明:等离子体预处理方法可增加聚吡咯在涤纶上的附着量,改善聚吡咯在涤纶上的附着牢度,提高导电织物导电层在平磨过程中的保持程度,且附着量与等离子体预处理次数存在相关性:当等离子体预处理次数为4时,聚吡咯在涤纶针织物上的附着效果最佳。     

Cardiovascular and metabolic responses during growth hormone treatment of lactating sheep

Pituitary-derived bovine growth hormone (bGH) was administered to six lactating Friesland ewes for 7 d. There was no consistent galactopoietic response, with changes in milk yield varying from 0 to 33% during treatment compared with the pretreatment period. The major effect of bGH on the concentration of milk constituents was to increase fat by 14.2% (P less than 0.05). Treatment resulted in significant increases in arterial plasma concentrations of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I and glucose, with decreases in the plasma arterial concentrations of acetate and certain amino acids. There was a marked reduction in haematocrit and in haemoglobin concentration which took at least 3 d to recover. The arterio-venous difference across the mammary gland decreased for O2 during treatment and the veno-arterial difference for CO2 decreased after treatment. Mammary respiratory quotient therefore decreased significantly after bGH treatment. The results suggest that bGH exerts effects at a number of separate loci.     

针织物节能减排漂染工艺探讨

将新开发的高效前处理、染色助剂应用于针织物实用高效漂染工艺,探讨其应用工艺、产品质量及节能减排效果。分析各类前处理碱氧一浴工艺的特点、应用特性及节能减排效果;阐述涤棉针织物练染一浴工艺,免还原清洗工艺,棉针织物活性染色与抛光一浴工艺及活性染色后皂洗酶后处理工艺。并与相应的传统工艺对比其工艺曲线、质量水平、节能减排效果及污染物浓度降低情况。客观评价各类工艺的优缺点,建议生产厂家根据产品质量要求,选用相应高效助剂,并结合实际生产设备优化工艺后使用,节能减排效果将更加显著。     

等离子体预处理对大麻纤维柔软性的影响

为了改善大麻纤维的柔软性,利用常温常压等离子体预处理与柔软剂处理相结合的方法对大麻纤维进行柔软整理.实验结果表明:等离子预处理可以有效增强大麻纤维柔软整理的效果,与仅用柔软剂整理工艺处理后的大麻纤维相比,前者的初始模量和马克隆值较小,柔软度显著提高,手感更软;当等离子体预处理工艺条件为电极间距离8 mm,功率110 W,时间10 s时,大麻纤维的柔软整理效果最佳.     

Impact of gliding arc plasma pretreatment on drying efficiency and physicochemical properties of grape

The effect of cold plasma pretreatment with different durations 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 s on the mass transfer rate and quality of grape fruit during hot-air drying at 60 °C and 1.5 m/s were studied. It was found that cold plasma pretreatment significantly increased effective moisture diffusivity, reducing the drying time and energy consumption by up to 26.27% and 26.30%, respectively. Longer exposure resulted in smaller shrinkage and higher rehydration ratio. Furthermore, plasma pretreatment resulted in improved quality of dried grapes, in particular higher total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and vitamin C retention by up to 3.06–30.53%, 7.31–62.29%, and 17.87–168.73%, as compared to the untreated ones. Among all pretreatments, 50 s exposure was preferred due to the minimal energy consumption and the least effect on the samples color.     

等离子体预处理对丙纶基材溅射银薄膜的影响

采用磁控溅射技术,在丙纶(PP)非织造布基材表面沉积厚度为0.5～2 nm的银薄膜,研究氩等离子体预处理对PP基材沉积银薄膜后表面形貌和抗菌性能的影响.原子力显微镜(AFM)分析表明,经氩等离子体处理后的纤维表面有明显的刻蚀痕迹,沉积的银粒子分布均匀、不易团聚;X射线能潜仪(EDX)分析表明.经氩等离子体预处理后,PP非织造布表面沉积的银粒子总量增加,表面沉积1nm厚的银薄膜,对大肠肝菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别达到99.96%和100%.     

低温等离子体预处理对马铃薯薄层热风干燥特性的影响

为实现马铃薯高效干燥,缩短干燥时间,提高干燥效率。本文以薄层热风干燥实验为基础,在马铃薯热风干燥前,采用低温等离子体对其预处理,研究马铃薯在不同等离子体预处理时间（20、30、40、50、60 s）、等离子体预处理功率（100、200、300、400、500 W）和干燥温度（50、70、90 ℃）条件下的干燥特性,并将其与未预处理马铃薯相比较。结果表明,等离子体预处理可有效提高马铃薯热风干燥速率,缩短干燥时间。水分有效扩散系数在3.785×10?11~11.868×10?11 m2/s之间。当等离子体处理功率为500 W,处理时间30 s,热风温度70 ℃时,干燥效果最佳,较对照组干燥时间缩短35.71%。本研究为马铃薯热风干燥预处理方法的研究提出了新思路,对等离子体技术在新领域的应用进行了探讨,同时为马铃薯高效干燥预处理技术的研究提供新的参考和理论依据。