胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT诊断与病理分析

目的:分析胰腺实性假乳头状瘤(SPTP)的CT表现,并与病理结果对照分析,旨在提高对该病的认识和诊断.方法:回顾性分析6例经手术和病理证实的胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的临床及CT表现,将CT表现与临床及病理对照.结果:SPTP好发于20～40岁女性,胰头及胰尾为好发部位,影像学表现为境界清楚的圆形或类圆形胰腺肿块,瘤体通常比较大(>5cm).平扫主要表现为囊实性混杂密度影,实性结构边缘分布为主,部分呈乳头状或壁结节样突起.动态增强后实性部分早期轻度强化,后期呈渐进性强化,6例肿瘤均有包膜,多伴有出血及囊变,所有病灶无论大小及在胰腺中的位置,均未见胰管及胆管扩张,腹腔淋巴结肿大及远处转移罕见.结论:胰腺实性假乳头状瘤影像学表现具有相对特征性,CT对其诊断有重要价值.     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT及MRI表现

目的探讨胰腺实性假乳头状瘤（SPTP）的CT及MRI表现。方法回顾性收集、分析9例经病理证实的胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT及MRI表现,分析肿瘤的位置、大小、边缘、密度及增强特征。结果9例均为女性,3例位于胰头,1例位于胰颈,5例位于胰体尾部,肿瘤体积较大,边界清楚,直径6～11cm,均表现为囊实性肿块,囊性、实性成分比例各有不同,以实性成分较多,4例伴有钙化,增强扫描时,肿瘤实性成分及包膜呈渐进性、填充式强化,囊性部分无强化,9例均不伴有胆管扩张,1例伴有轻度胰管扩张。结论胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT及MRI表现具有～定的特征性。     

胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的多层螺旋CT诊断

目的:探讨胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤(SPTP)在多层螺旋CT上的影像特点.方法:回顾性分析40例经手术切除和病理学证实的胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的临床、多层螺旋CT影像学资料,结合CTA、多平面重建和二维曲面重建等影像技术观察其影像学表现,分析影像学表现与病理结果的相关性.结果:女性35例,男性5例.40例患者SPTP影像学表现中,22例位于胰头,5例位于胰颈体交界区,6例位于胰体,3例位于胰体尾部,3例位于胰尾部,1例胰头、胰体尾部均见;类圆形30例,圆形5例,分叶状4例,表现为胰头增大1例,边界清楚,包膜完整;肿块多数较大,最大横断面达15 cm×18 cm,最小1.0 cm×1.1 cm;肿块完全实性7例,囊实性成分33例,其中囊性为主8例,实性为主17例,囊实性相仿8例.实性部分CT平扫呈稍低或等密度,增强扫描动脉期实性部分可见中等强化,至门静脉期肿瘤实性部分渐进性强化略高于动脉期,但强化程度均略低于正常胰腺组织,囊性部分平扫及增强均呈低密度.CT表现1例患者见恶性倾向,9例推压、包绕肠系膜血管,8例脾血管受压,3例累及肝总动脉及分支,2例累及十二指肠,11例伴有胰管扩张,其中1例伴有明显胆总管及肝内胆管扩张,13例伴有钙化.病理示良性37例,潜在恶性或低度恶性3例.结论:胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤具有特征性的影像学表现,螺旋CT能协助诊断,运用CTA、多平面重建和二维曲面重建等影像技术有助于术前评估肿瘤的良恶性.     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的螺旋CT诊断与鉴别诊断

目的 分析胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT表现,提高诊断能力.方法 回顾性分析7例经病理证实的胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的术前CT图像,分析肿瘤的部位、大小、形态、密度及增强方式.7例患者均为年轻女性.结果 3例肿瘤位于胰头部,4例位于胰体尾部.所有肿瘤境界清楚.肿瘤直径为3～10 cm.囊性结构为主4例,囊实结构比例近似1例,实性结构为主2例.4例病灶出现钙化.增强扫描.实性部分强化,静脉期较动脉期明显.结论 胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT表现有一定的特征性,CT扫描有助于该肿瘤的诊断.     

CT对胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的诊断价值

目的:研究胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT表现,提高CT对该病的诊断水平。方法:回顾分析7例经病理证实的胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT表现。结果:7例患者均为女性。CT表现为囊实性肿块,边界清楚,5例位于胰头部,1例位于胰体,1例位于胰腺尾部;其中2例肿块内可见钙化;所有病例胰管、胆管均未见扩张。增强后肿块囊壁及实性部分明显强化,无局部浸润或淋巴结转移。结论:胰腺实性假乳头状瘤好发于年轻女性,CT表现具特征性,结合临床特征可在术前作出诊断。     

胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT和MRI表现

目的:探讨胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT和MRI表现,提高对其诊断水平.材料和方法:回顾性分析手术、病理证实的5例胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的临床及影像资料.结果:5例均为年轻女性.5例CT表现为胰腺区巨大囊实性肿块,其中肿瘤位于胰尾3例、胰体1例、胰头1例, 1例肿块内伴有点状钙化,增强扫描肿块实性成分动脉期呈轻度增强,门静脉期肿块囊壁及实性成分均增强明显,囊性部分增强前后均呈低密度,其中1例伴有胰管轻度扩张,5例均未见肝内外胆管扩张.1例肿块MRI表现T1WI、T2WI高低混杂信号,邻近结构受压移位,包膜完整,增强扫描肿块实性成分明显增强,囊变坏死区无增强.结论:胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的CT和MRI表现有一定特征,结合临床,可与其它胰腺肿瘤相鉴别.     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT表现简

目的：探讨胰腺实性假乳头状瘤（SPTP）的CT表现特征,提高其CT诊断准确性。方法回顾性分析手术病理结果证实的8例胰腺实性假乳头状瘤患者的CT表现,并与病理进行对照性分析。结果8例胰腺实性假乳头状瘤均为单发病灶,术前均行CT平扫及增强扫描。肿瘤直径1．5~6．4 cm,8例CT平扫为均匀或欠均匀类圆形低密度影,1例肿瘤内见点状钙化灶,所有病例为囊实性肿瘤,边界清楚,肿瘤质地较软。结论胰腺实性假乳头状瘤,肿瘤包膜清晰,内可见出血及部分囊变及钙化,肿瘤平扫密度较低,增强后可见轻度强化及强化,少数呈渐进性强化。     

胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的MSCT诊断

目的 分析胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤(SPTP)的MSCT表现,并与病理学对照,以提高对该病的认识.资料与方法回顾性分析11例(12个病灶)经手术及病理证实的SPTP患者的临床、CT资料,并将CT表现与手术病理结果进行对照.结果肿块体积较大,最大径4～13 cm(平均6.9 cm).术前CT检查均可观察到包膜,边界较清晰;病理标本中2个病灶包膜不完整,1个病灶包膜被部分侵犯,其余病灶包膜完整.肿块均为囊实性,5个病灶以实性为主.1例病灶中心出现钙化灶.结论 SPTP具有一定的影像学特征性,结合临床特点CT可较好地做出诊断及鉴别诊断.     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT及MRI表现

目的 :探讨CT及MRI对胰腺实性假乳头状瘤(SPTP)的诊断价值。方法 :回顾性分析21例经病理证实的SPTP的CT及MRI资料。结果 :21例均为单发病灶,其中位于胰头7例,胰尾11例,胰体3例;囊实性肿块16例,完全囊性2例,完全实性3例;18例病灶有完整包膜、边界清楚,1例低度恶性病灶包膜不完整,2例较小完全实性病灶未见明显包膜;5例肿瘤有钙化,3例肿瘤术后病理证实病灶内陈旧性出血;增强扫描后囊性部分无强化,实质部分及包膜渐进性强化。结论 :多数SPTP的CT及MRI表现具有特征性,全面分析影像学资料,结合临床资料,可以作出定性诊断。     

胰腺实性假乳头状瘤CT诊断及鉴别

目的：探讨胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT表现,提高对该病的诊断水平。方法：回顾性分析8例经手术病理证实的胰腺实性假乳头状瘤患者的CT资料,8例患者均行CT平扫及增强,2例行MRCP扫描。结果：8例患者均为年轻女性,无黄疸,5例肿瘤表现为胰头颈部较大囊实性肿块。3例表现为胰尾部囊实性肿块,CT平扫表现为圆形、类圆形低密度或混杂密度团块影,增强后肿瘤实性部分及包膜可见强化,囊性部分无强化。结论：胰腺实性假乳头状瘤影像学表现有一定特征性。     

Uptake of hexakis(t-butylisonitrile) technetium (I) and hexakis(isopropylisonitrile) technetium (I) by neonatal rat myocytes and human erythrocytes

The uptake mechanism of two potential cardiac imaging agents [99mTc]hexakis(t-butylisonitrile) technetium (I) (TBI) and [99mTc]hexakis(isopropylisonitrile) technetium (I) (IPI) has been studied using neonatal rat myocytes and human erythrocytes. Uptake of these complexes was rapid, of greater magnitude than seen previously for 42K, and was unaffected by either 0.15 mM ouabain or 10 mM KCI. Both [99mTc]isonitrile complexes had a high affinity for the membranes of the myocytes and erythrocytes. The data suggest that the uptake is not dependent on the membrane Na+/K+ ATPase but may be related to the lipophilicity of these agents as evidenced by the rapidity, tenacity, and quantity of the binding observed.     

Excitation functions of (alpha,xn) reactions on (nat)Rb and (nat)Sr from threshold up to 26 MeV: possibility of production of (87)Y, (88)Y and (89)Zr.

Excitation functions were measured by the stacked-foil technique for (nat)Rb(alpha,xn)(87m,87m+g,88)Y and (nat)Sr(alpha,xn)(86,88,89)Zr reactions from their respective thresholds up to 26 MeV. The samples for irradiation were prepared by sedimentation and pellet pressing techniques. The measured data were compared with those available in the literature. From the excitation functions, integral yields of the products were calculated. The suitable energy ranges for the production of (87)Y and (88)Y via (nat)Rb(alpha,xn) processes and of (89)Zr via the (nat)Sr(alpha,xn) process are E(alpha)=26-->20 MeV, E(alpha)=26-->5 MeV and E(alpha)=20-->8.5 MeV, respectively. The respective yields amount to 8.2, 0.08 and 0.9 MBq/microA h. Production of (88)Y is feasible if a waiting time of about 2 months is allowed to let the impurities decay out. Also, (87)Y can be produced with a relatively low impurity of (88)Y. The yields of both (88)Y and (87)Y via the present routes are, however, appreciably lower than those via the (nat)Sr(p,xn) processes. There is a possibility to produce (89)Zr via the alpha-particle irradiation of (nat)Sr. The yield is rather low but would be considerably increased if enriched (86)Sr would be used as target material. The radionuclidic impurity levels in all the three products are discussed.     

Simultaneous analysis of six novel hallucinogenic (tetrahydrobenzodifuranyl)aminoalkanes (FLYs) and (benzodifuranyl)aminoalkanes (DragonFLYs) by GC-MS,LC-MS,and LC-MS-MS

Six novel hallucinogens classed as (tetrahydrobenzodifuranyl) aminoalkanes or (benzodifuranyl)aminoalkanes, which are known by the common names of “FLY” and “DragonFLY,” respectively, were synthesized. These compounds were simultaneously analyzed by gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS), liquid chromatography (LC)-MS, and LC-MS-MS. GCMS analysis of their free bases was not satisfactory for both mass spectral and chromatographic measurements, and thus trifluoroacetyl (TFA) derivatization was employed. However, it was found that the usual TFA derivatization procedure using trifluoroacetic anhydride caused dehydrogenation of FLYs to the corresponding DragonFLYs. Therefore, TFA derivatization of FLYs was reinvestigated; the presence of triethylamine could almost inhibit such dehydrogenation. LC separation of the analytes was successfully achieved by using a phenyl-type semimicro column with methanol gradient elution, while 1-(8-bromo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[1,2-b;4,5-b′]difuran-4-yl)-2-methylaminopropane (N-methyl-DOB-FLY) and 1-(8-bromo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[1,2-b;4,5-b′]difuran-4-yl)-2-aminopropane (DOB-FLY) were not separated on an octadecylsilica (ODS)-type column. Specific product ion spectra for all compounds were also obtained using LC-MS-MS, which enabled sensitive and reliable identification.     

Synthesis and characterization of (99m)Tc- and (188)Re-complexes with a diamido-dihydroxymethylenephosphine-based bifunctional chelating agent (N(2)P(2)-BFCA).

A diamido-dihydroxymethylenephosphine (N(2)P(2)) bifunction chelating agent (BFCA) was shown to form well-defined (99m)Tc- and (188)Re-chelate structures. The 4, 4-bis [bis-hydroxymethyl-phosphonyl-propylcarbonmoyl]-butyric acid bifunctional chelating agent (N(2)P(2)-BFCA) formed stable complexes with (99m)Tc and (188)Re in >95% yield with high radiochemical purity (RCP). The biodistribution of the (99m)Tc- and (188)Re-N(2)P(2)-BFCAs after intravenous injection studied in normal mice showed the activity was excreted primarily via renal-urinary pathway indicating their use for labeling peptides with (99m)Tc and (188)Re.     

刺五加香薷合剂药理作用的观察

在实验期分别为10～110天的动物(小白鼠和大白鼠)和人体实验中,观察到合剂具有如下作用:增强小鼠对低温和酒精的耐受力,改善阴虚和阳虚小鼠的免疫功能,减少老龄雄性大鼠大脑皮质中去甲肾上腺素的含量,抑制老龄大鼠肝和大脑皮质的脂质过氧化反应,调节老龄雌性大鼠和高脂血症者的血脂,特别是增加血清HDL-C 的含量。合剂的抗脂质过氧化作用是刺五加和香薷配伍后出现的作用。合剂的调整血脂作用主要和刺五加有关     

F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP)

This study was done to evaluate if the accuracy of FDG-PET concerning the differentiation of benign and malignant pancreatic masses differs for patients with and without elevated C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Three hundred-four patients (165 neoplasms, 98 chronic pancreatitis, and 41 benign lesions) received FDG-PET of the abdomen prior to planned resective surgery. CRP was unknown, normal, and elevated with 211, 71, and 22 patients, respectively. For differentiation of benign and malignant lesions, specificity was 87% for patients with unknown or normal CRP, and it was 40% for patients with elevated CRP (P < 0.01). Thirty-five percent of those patients with both a positive PET and elevated CRP were false positive. On the contrary, sensitivity was slightly higher in the group with elevated CRP (92% vs. 80%, NS). FDG-PET is a sensitive and specific test for patients with normal CRP, however, FDG-PET may be false positive if CRP is elevated. Proper patient selection is therefore important. CRP or other parameters indicative of active inflammation appear useful adjuncts for the interpretation of increased FDG-accumulation.     

Synthesis and radiopharmaceutical preparation of (ethylenediamine) (1-carbon-11-malonate) platinum(II) for PET studies

Interest in the distribution, biotransformation, and mechanism of action of anticancer platinum complexes has led to the microscale, semi-automated and remote-controlled synthesis of (ethylenediamine) (1-[11C]malonate) platinum(II) [( 11C]Ptenmal, EDMAL, JM40) from cyclotron-produced [11C]cyanide. Carbon-11 cyanoacetate is produced by reacting [11C]cyanide with bromoacetate. After hydrolysis, the resulting [11C]malonic acid is purified and complexed to (diaquo) (ethylenediamine) platinum(II). Each step of the synthesis was optimized by studying the influence of different variables like reaction time and temperature, pH, necessary purification of intermediates, concentration and ratios of the reactants. Purification of the endproduct is achieved using preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The total incorporation of the [11C]cyanide in the final product was 17-40%. After approximately 1 hr, approximately 40 mCi of [11C]Ptenmal are produced in 10 ml sterile and isotonic dextrose solution ready for i.v. injection. The specific activity is approximately 200 mCi/mumol at EOB.     

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European Radiology -     

Determination of the oxidation state of Tc in 99Tc(Sn)EHDP, 99mTc(Sn)EHDP, 99Tc(Sn)MDP and 99mTc(Sn)MDP complexes. Characterization of Tc(III)-, Tc(IV)- and Tc(V)EHDP complexes

The oxidation state of complexed Tc was determined, by performing paper and thin-layer chromatography during potentiometric titrations. Both titrations of Sn(II) with TcO₄⁻ and of TcO₄⁻ with Sn(II) were performed at pH 2.5, 7.0 and 12.0. Differences were found in the number of electrons transferred to 1 mol of TcO₄⁻, n, in the titration solutions at the end point of a direct and a reversed titration. The oxidation state of Tc changes during a titration with the titration degree. It was possible to obtain almost pure Tc(III)-, Tc(IV)- and Tc(V)EHDP complexes, depending on the pH, titration mode and titration degree. These TcEHDP complexes were analyzed by u.v./vis spectrometry, anion-exchange HPLC on Aminex A-28, gel chromatography on Biogel P₄ and extraction with oxine in chloroform. The spectra of the pure Tc(III), Tc(IV) and Tc(V) species were calculated. Adsorption of these complexes on calcium phosphate increased in the order Tc(V) < Tc(IV) < Tc(III). From the chromatographic characterizations it was concluded that in the ^99mTc(Sn)EHDP bone scanning agent Tc is tetravalent. An analogous (though less elaborate) investigation was performed on the Tc(Sn)MDP complex.