西准噶尔北部萨吾尔山后碰撞花岗闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

新疆西准噶尔北部萨吾尔山塔斯特岩体出露在吉木乃县托斯特乡西南,岩性主要为花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩等,对其中的花岗闪长岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,206Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为(332±1.9)Ma,表明该岩体形成于早石炭世晚期。岩石SiO_2(64.03%~66.44%),Na_2O/K_2O(1.887 8~2.488 5)、A/CNK(1.766 7~1.920 4)显示I型花岗岩特征。岩石富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ti)。ΣREE(54.68×10~(-6)~57.56×10~(-6))、δEu(1.03~1.09)、(La/Sm)_N(3.173~3.54)表现出后碰撞花岗岩特点。指示早石炭世中期萨吾尔山地区乃至整个西准噶尔地区已处在后碰撞构造环境,早石炭世后碰撞花岗闪长岩的确定为西准噶尔晚古生代构造格局演化提供了新的证据。     

中祁连西段野马山岩基年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

野马山岩基位于中祁连地块西段,由早期岩体(花岗闪长岩、斑状二长花岗岩)和晚期岩体(二长花岗岩)组成,二者呈侵入接触。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年表明,早期岩体侵位时代为中奥陶世((469.0±1.3)Ma),晚期岩体侵位时代为晚奥陶世((450.0±1.0)Ma)。早期岩体Si O2=59.8%~64.2%,K2O/Na2O1,且A/NKC=0.8~1.0,为准铝质岩石;微量元素相对富集Rb、U、Th和亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti;稀土总量为97.7×10-6~185×10-6,且(La/Yb)N=5.57~12.47,LREE/HREE=7.7~11.3,具轻重稀土分馏明显,轻稀土富集,弱Eu负异常(δEu=0.66~0.89)特征。晚期岩体Si O2=69.8%~76.5%、K2O/Na2O=1.2~1.7、A/NKC=1.0~1.1,属弱过铝质花岗岩;稀土总量为78.97×10-6~244.92×10-6,轻重稀土分馏不明显((La/Yb)N=1.90~5.72),强Eu负异常(δEu=0.11~0.24)。岩石地球化学特征表明,野马山岩基早期岩体为I型花岗岩,形成于俯冲环境,晚期岩体为高分异的I型花岗岩,形成于后碰撞环境。结合岩体产出的区域构造位置及区域地质演化,认为早古生代北祁连洋发生了双向俯冲,野马山岩基为其向南俯冲碰撞的产物。     

西准噶尔北部比图岩体的地球化学特征及构造环境

选择西准噶尔北部晚志留世比图岩体进行系统的岩石学、地球化学特征研究,揭示其岩石成因及形成的大地构造环境。比图岩体岩性以钾长花岗岩为主,边部为碱性花岗岩、正长岩和闪长岩。钾长花岗岩和正长岩贫Mg O(0.3%~0.5%)、CaO(0.8%~1.1%),稀土含量高(105~204μg/g),Eu异常明显,属于碱性高分异I型花岗岩;碱性花岗岩富碱(6.8%)、贫Al_2O_3(9.9%),稀土含量较高(271μg/g),极度亏损Sr、Ba、Eu,属于典型的A型花岗岩。闪长岩富MgO(4.1%)和CaO(7.5%),稀土含量较高(93μg/g),属于高钾钙碱性系列,源自富水地幔的部分熔融。岩体地球化学特征表明比图钾长花岗岩、碱性花岗岩、正长岩均是新生地壳部分熔融之后不同程度结晶分异的产物;比图岩体的各种岩性普遍具有富碱、轻稀土和大离子亲石元素(Rb、K),弱亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta)的地球化学特征,形成于后碰撞的伸展环境。     

青海牛鼻子梁镍矿勘查区闪长岩U-Pb年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素研究

本文对牛鼻子梁镁铁质-超镁铁质杂岩体中产出的闪长岩进行了详细的U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和Hf同位素分析,以便对岩石的成因及南祁连造山带对柴达木盆地的俯冲效应予以研究。闪长岩中锆石LAICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,闪长岩的形成时代为361±3 Ma(MSWD=0.049),即晚泥盆世。岩石地球化学方面,SiO_2含量为53.44%~58.27%,Na_2O+K_2O为4.80%~6.39%,K_2O/Na_2O比值为0.33~0.97,显示出富钠的特征,岩石由钙碱性序列向高钾钙碱性序列过渡。微量元素原地地幔标准化蛛网图上显示相对富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K)及轻稀土,相对亏损高场强元素(Ta、Nb、Zr),同时Th含量介于2.03×10~(-6)~6.57×10~(-6)之间,Th/Ta比值为2.73~12.82之间,显示为壳幔混染作用的产物,另外据闪长岩中发现的辉长岩包体也表明了壳幔岩浆的混合。闪长岩Hf同位素显示,岩石的ε_(Hf)(t)值和二阶段模式年龄(TDM2)分别介于±6.41~±9.36和714~878Ma之间。上述结果表明,岩体的原始岩浆是一种幔源物质为主,混合新生陆壳部分熔融的产物。综合区域岩石构造背景的研究,认为牛鼻子梁闪长岩岩体形成于南祁连向柴达木板块俯冲碰撞后伸展的环境。     

华北克拉通东缘金岭杂岩体岩浆源区及构造背景:来自岩相学、岩石地球化学及年代学的证据

金岭杂岩体由细粒黑云角闪闪长岩、中细粒黑云角闪闪长岩、中细粒黑云角闪二长闪长岩和细粒角闪二长闪长岩组成,是鲁西地区典型矽卡岩型富铁矿(金岭铁矿)控矿岩体。本次研究对细粒黑云角闪闪长岩和细粒角闪二长闪长岩进行了锆石LA‐ICP‐MS U‐Pb定年,其结果分别为129.2±3.2 Ma和132.8±1.2 Ma,表明该杂岩体的侵位时代为早白垩世。样品SiO2、K2O和Na2O含量分别介于54.17%~63.73%、1.92%~4.76%和3.10%~5.41%之间,K2O/Na2O为0.58~0.94,A/CNK为0.60~0.93,具有轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损的右倾型稀土配分模式,轻、重稀土分馏程度中等((La/Yb)N=9.94~23.49),Eu异常不明显(δEu=0.84~1.10),具中—弱负Ce异常(δCe=0.56~0.92)。样品以富集大离子亲石元素(Ba、K、U、Pb等)、亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti)以及高Sr/Y为特征。金岭杂岩体为燕山晚期岩浆活动产物,属准铝质高钾钙碱性系列,岩浆主要来源于富集岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,并在岩浆上升侵位的过程中有地壳物质的同化混染。燕山晚期华北克拉通在古太平洋板块俯冲后后撤引起的板内伸展环境下,增厚陆壳减薄阶段,岩浆上侵就位形成金岭杂岩体。     

新疆吉木乃县恰其海A型花岗岩的地球化学特征、年代学及构造意义

新疆西准噶尔北部发育大量碱性花岗岩, 其形成时代为早二叠世, 岩石类型为钾长花岗岩和石英钾长正长岩。恰其海岩体的形成年龄为280 Ma, SiO2为66.83%～68.44%, 高铝(14.46%～15.41%);富含碱质, 里特曼指数(δ)均大于3.3, 介于4.47～4.61之间; 富钾贫钠, K2O/Na2O为1.10～1.25;铁高而镁低, FeOt/MgO为4.06～7.85。其稀土配分模式右倾, 轻重稀土分馏明显, 具有中等-强烈铕负异常。地球化学特征表明: 岩石形成于造山晚期伸展体制的构造环境中, 应为后碰撞演化的晚期阶段, 早于东准噶尔后碰撞的时间(二叠纪末)。构造图解判别岩体为A2型花岗岩, 可能受到与俯冲有关的流体交代的影响, 为探索区域晚古生代地壳演化提供了约束。     

冀东分水岭岩体锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

冀东分水岭岩体位于马兰峪隆起西段,为复式岩体,其岩性为花岗闪长岩和黑云母二长花岗岩,花岗闪长岩呈带状环绕黑云母二长花岗岩分布,锆石U-Pb定年揭示其年龄分别为157.4±2.7Ma和162.0±4.0Ma。花岗闪长岩的SiO_264.50%~65.56%,K_2O+Na_2O 7.24%~7.70%,K_2O/Na_2O 0.58~0.67,A/CNK0.91~0.97,呈高硅富钾,属准铝质高钾钙碱性系列,为I型花岗岩;而黑云母二长花岗岩SiO_273.25%~74.56%,K_2O+Na_2O 7.22%~8.58%,K_2O/Na_2O 0.86~1.04,A/CNK 1.09~1.24,较花岗闪长岩更富硅、钾,为过铝质高钾钙碱性系列,属成熟度不高的A型花岗岩。两者稀土配分曲线呈右倾型式,具稀土总量较低,轻重稀土分馏明显,微量元素均亏损Nb-Ta、Zr-Hf,显示以壳源成分为主,具幔源混染特征。花岗闪长岩具弱Eu正异常,且富集Sr,源区深度较大;而黑云母二长花岗岩具Eu负异常,亏损Sr,源区有少量斜长石残留。岩体形成与太平洋板块俯冲构造背景密切相关,为中生代构造转换体制的产物。     

内蒙古北山地区蓬勃山南石英闪长岩LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb测年及其意义

对内蒙古北山地区蓬勃山南石英闪长岩进行了岩石地球化学分析,结果表明:SiO_2含量55.57%~64.80%,Al2O3含量为14.23%~16.38%,σ值1.02~1.99,K_2O/Na_2O1为主,A/CNK为0.82~1,全碱含量K_2O+Na_2O为3.71%~6.16%,稀土总量ΣREE为(53.77~162.47)×10~(-6),LREE/HREE为3.55~7.84,轻重稀土分异不明显,(La/Yb)_N=2.51~7.99,δEu为0.52~1.06。该岩体的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb同位素测年结果表明,其形成时间在310.59±0.88~302±1 Ma之间,相当于晚石炭世晚期。综合分析认为,蓬勃山南石英闪长岩侵位反映了洋壳俯冲的消减熔融岩浆事件。     

中国阿尔泰克孜勒花岗岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义

克孜勒花岗岩体位于新疆阿尔泰南缘西伯利亚和哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块的结合部位,岩体呈不规则圆形的岩基产出,主要岩石类型为石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、花岗岩、二长花岗岩、黑云母二长花岗岩。黑云母二长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为289.5±4.3Ma,表明岩体形成于早二叠世。岩体具有高硅(SiO_2=70.05%~75.78%)、高碱(K_2O=3.32%~5.70%,Na_2O=3.07%~4.48%)、富铝(Al_2O_3=12.49%~14.04%)和低MgO(0.01%~0.72%)、CaO(0.36%~1.60%)、TiO_2(0.03%~0.45%)、P_2O_5(0.07%~0.15%)特征,A/CNK=1.08~1.20,高FeO_T/MgO比值(平均44.95);富集Rb、Th、K、La、Ce,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、Nb、Ti,铕负异常明显(δEu=0.03~0.36);具有I-A过渡特点的高分异钙碱性花岗岩体。克孜勒花岗岩体可能是区域上"双峰式"岩浆组合中的酸性端元,为典型的后碰撞岩体,是后碰撞拉张背景下幔源岩浆发生底侵作用导致大陆地壳生长过程的产物。     

黔东南宰便新元古代镁铁-超镁铁质岩地球化学

在黔东南从江宰便地区进行地质填图过程中发现一处镁铁-超镁铁质岩体,该岩体属新元古代钙碱质岩系,矿物成分主要为长石、辉石和绿泥石等。其主量成分以高Na2O(5.04%~6.64%),CaO(0.76%~6.67%)和MgO(6.79%~7.88%),低TiO2(0.30%~0.4%),贫K2O(0.10%~0.29%)和P2O5(0.04%~0.05%)为特征。稀土总量ΣREE较高,为83.37×10-6~164.97×10-6,其LREE/HREE和(La/Yb)N变化较大,分别为3.50~7.25和2.90~7.58,表明轻和重稀土分馏较大,(La/Sm)N和(Gd/Yb)N相对较小,分别为1.81~3.19和1.22~1.53,表明轻稀土和重稀土内部分馏较小。在球粒陨石标准化图解上,为轻稀土富集,无Eu、Ce明显异常的平坦型;在原始地幔标准化曲线上出现较为明显的Nb、Ta负异常。微量元素及Y/Nb、Zr/Nb等参数暗示其为过渡-富集型地幔部分熔融的产物。综合研究表明该岩体形成于约800Ma的板内拉张环境,可能与导致Rodinia超大陆裂解的地幔柱有关。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)