PAA络合法制备掺Co锰酸锂纳米粉体

采用PAA络合法并结合热处理技术制备了尖晶石结构的LiCo0.1Mn1.9O4纳米粉体,并考察了前驱体的热分解行为、粉体的结构、形貌及电化学性能。结果表明:随着烧结温度的升高,LiCo0.1Mn1.9O4粉体的颗粒尺寸略有增大,尖晶石型结构越来越完整。在电流密度0.1 mA/cm2,截止电压3.5～4.4 V时,在700℃烧结8 h得到性能较好的LiCo0.1Mn1.9O4粉体,首次放电比容量达124 mAh/g,稳定放电比容量大于110 mAh/g。     

钴掺杂锰酸锂的合成与性能

通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、粒度分析以及充放电性能测试对固相烧结法制备的LiCoxMn2-xO4(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)结构、形貌进行表征,并对电化学性质进行研究.研究结果表明,LiCoxMn2-xO4(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)均为单一尖晶石结构,无杂相存在;晶格常数随着掺杂量x的增大而线性减小;钴掺杂有助于LiCoxMn2-xO4晶体更规则地生长,使一次颗粒呈现八面体结构;掺钴对LiCoxMn2-xO4的平均粒径无明显影响;纯LiMn2O4在循环过种中容量衰减快,钴掺杂明显地改善了LiMn2O4充放电循环性能,且大电流放电能力提高;随着掺钴量的提高,大电流充放电性能与循环过程中容量的保持率也提高.     

Co~（2＋）掺杂对Li_2FeSiO_4/C电化学性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法,合成纳米复合材料硅酸亚铁锂（Li2FeSiO4/C）。用XRD、TEM和电化学方法,研究了Co2＋掺杂对Li2FeSiO4/C的影响。结果表明,掺杂适量的Co2＋不会改变Li2FeSiO4的正交晶系结构,可稳定材料结构,改善高倍率充放电性能。室温下,Li2Fe0.97Co0.03SiO4/C以0.1C放电的首次放电比容量为151.8（mA.h）/g,20次充放电循环后放电比容量为131.2（mA.h）/g;Li2FeSiO4/C的首次放电比容量为122.0（mA.h）/g,20次循环后,比容量衰减率为20.3%。交流阻抗测试表明：Li2Fe0.97Co0.03SiO4/C在1.5～4.5V下充放电的可逆性优于Li2FeSiO4/C。     

丙烯酸络合法制备锂离子电池负极材料ZnMn2O4

采用丙烯酸络合溶胶-凝胶法合成出锂离子电池用ZnMn2O4负极材料,并用TG-DTA,XRD,SEM和电化学性能测试对材料进行了表征。结果表明,在焙烧温度达到800℃,焙烧5h时能够形成单一四方相尖晶石结构的ZnMn2O4粉体,结晶良好;络合剂丙烯酸与金属离子摩尔比显著影响微观形貌,1:1时层片状结构发育完善;组装成扣式电池进行电化学测试的结果表明,丙烯酸:金属离子=1:1的样品具有较好的电化学性能,首次放电比容量达到992.9mAh·g-1,为理论比容量的98.5%,循环60次后放电比容量为308.4mAh·g-1。     

溶胶凝胶法制备LiCo_(0.12)Mn_(1.88)O_4粉体及其电化学性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法并结合热处理工艺制备Li Co0.12Mn1.88O4粉体,考察了煅烧温度对Li Co0.12Mn1.88O4粉体形貌、结构及电化学性能的影响。结果表明:随煅烧温度的升高,粉体颗粒尺寸逐渐增大,晶型趋于完整。700℃煅烧10 h得到的Li Co0.12Mn1.88O4颗粒大小均匀,晶型完整。0.5C倍率下首次放电比容量达到117.9 m Ah/g,经100次循环后仍能达到108.8 m Ah/g,容量保持率高达92.3%,表现出良好的循环性能。     

掺F锂离子电池正极材料Li1.03Co0.10Mn1.90FzO4-z的制备及电化学性能

以Li2CO3、Mn2O3、Co2O3及LiF为原料,采用高温固相法合成了掺F的Li1.03Co0.10Mn1.90FzO4?z锂电池正极材料。通过离子发射光谱(ICP)和电位分析法确定了材料的化学组成,用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电化学测试仪分析了 F 掺杂量对材料结构、形貌和电池性能的影响。结果表明,掺 F 的Li1.03Co0.10Mn1.90FzO4?z正极材料为尖晶石结构,在F掺入量z≤0.10时,随着掺杂量的增加晶胞参数逐渐增加,当F掺杂量继续增加时,晶胞参数的增幅有所减小。适量的F?与金属离子Li+、Co+的复合掺杂提高了材料的放电比容量,同时增强了材料结构的稳定性。电化学性能测试表明,Li1.03Co0.10Mn1.90F0.15O3.85的首次放电比容量达到111.0 mA·h/g,0.2C倍率下30次循环后容量保持率为97.0%。     

Al掺杂对Li_4Ti_5O_(12)结构及性能的影响

以金红石型TiO2、Li2CO3和Al2O3为原料,采用高温固相法制备锂离子电池负极材料Li4Ti5O12和Li4AlxTi5-xO12(x=0,0.025,0.05,0.1,0.2,0.4)。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、半电池充放电测试和交流阻抗测试研究材料的物相、结构、形貌以及电化学性能。结果表明:Al掺杂不会改变Li4AlxTi5-xO12的尖晶石结构,但会导致材料颗粒尺寸增大;适当Al掺杂后,材料的循环稳定性和极化性能得到改善,充放电比容量和可逆比容量不同程度降低;Li4Al0.025Ti4.975O12具有最优的电化学性能,0.1C倍率下首次充电比容量达到156.7 mA.h/g。     

Ti4＋掺杂对Li2FeSiO4／C电化学性能的影响

用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ti4＋掺杂的Li2FeSiO4／C正极材料。用XRD、HRTEM和电化学方法研究了该材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能。结果表明,掺杂适量的Ti4＋不会改变Li2FeSiO4／C的正交晶系结构,可以稳定材料的结构,改善高倍率充放电性能。在室温下,Li2Fe0.97Ti0.03SiO4/C以0．1c倍率放电的首次放电比容量为149．1mA·h／g,20次循环后放电比容量为127．3mA·h／g,且不同倍率下的电化学性能明显优于未掺杂的Li2FeSiO4／C。交流阻抗谱研究表明,适量的Ti4＋掺杂,减小了正极材料在充放电过程中的电荷传递电阻,增加了材料的电子电导率,改善了材料的电化学性能。     

复合金属掺杂的LiFePO4/C复合材料的制备与电化学性能研究

以超声波辅助沉淀法合成的纳米级球形FePO4·2H2O为原料,采用碳热还原法制备了复合金属掺杂的LiFePO4/C复合材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM),恒电流充放电测试,循环伏安和交流阻抗测试表征了FePO4·2H2O和LiFePO4/C的物相、结构和电化学性能。结果表明,溶液浓度为0.1 mol/L时制备的FePO4·2H2O为分布均匀的纳米级球形颗粒。复合金属掺杂显著提高了LiFePO4的放电比容量,Ni和Nb复合掺杂的LiFePO4/C复合材料表现出了最佳的电化学性能,0.1 C倍率条件下首次放电容量158.8 mAh/g,1 C倍率下首次放电容量150.2 mAh/g,100次循环后容量保持率分别为98.30%和97.8%。Ni和Nb复合掺杂后提高了LiFePO4的锂离子扩散速率和电导率。     

掺杂Pr3+的尖晶石LiPrxMn2-xO4的合成及电化学性能

采用溶胶凝胶法合成掺杂稀土镨离子的锂锰尖晶石LiPrxMn2-xO4,并对其结构和电化学性能进行初步研究.结果表明,当掺入的Pr3+含量较低(x≤0.02)时,得到的产物能保持完整的尖晶石结构,并表现出极佳的电化学性能.Pr3+的掺入使材料的循环稳定性能大幅度提高,而这种提高是源于Pr3+对尖晶石结构的稳定作用.电极材料LiPr0.02Mn1.98O4显示了最优的电化学性能,在0.2 C放电速率下,其初始放电容量为118 mAh·g-1,100次循环后仍能保持初始容量的98%.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.