加热条件与混合气氛对50CrV4钢表面脱碳的影响

试验过程模拟武钢CSP均热炉的加热条件,分别研究加热温度、保温时间、炉内气氛对弹簧钢50CrV4表面脱碳的影响规律。结果表明,50CrV4钢脱碳厚度随保温时间的延长而增加;保温时间为30和60min,加热温度低于1050℃时,脱碳层厚度随温度升高而增加,高于1050℃时,脱碳层由于氧化加剧而减少,1050℃为脱碳敏感温度;O_2+CO_2+H_2O+N_2混合气氛比O_2+CO_2+N_2和H_2O+N_2降低脱碳层厚度更加明显。结合氧化模型和菲克第二定律,建立并修正了脱碳计算模型,利用试验数据验证其可靠性。     

碳含量和晶粒尺寸对高碳钢表面脱碳类型和深度的影响

摘要：硬线在加热、轧制等过程中会发生表面脱碳，严重影响工件的性能。通过等温加热实验，研究了加热温度和碳含量对硬线60、70和82B钢表面脱碳层类型和深度的影响，及原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸对弹簧钢60Si2MnA表面脱碳类型和深度的影响。结果表明：保温90min后，60钢在700~750℃时仅存在完全脱碳层，在850~900℃时仅存在部分脱碳层，其完全脱碳层深度随温度增加而逐渐减小，部分脱碳层则相反。70钢仅在850~900℃时存在部分脱碳层。82B钢的脱碳层深度随着温度增加先增加后减少至消失，然后又逐渐增加。硬线在碳含量处于γ单相区时主要发生部分脱碳，且深度随碳含量的升高而增大；碳含量处于α+γ两相区时主要发生完全脱碳，且深度随着碳含量增加先减小后增大。弹簧钢60Si2MnA的完全脱碳层深度随着原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸的增大逐渐减小。     

30CrMo钢表面脱碳试验

 在实验室模拟CSP工艺的加热条件,对30CrMo钢进行试验,用金相法测量脱碳层厚度,用失重法对30CrMo钢的氧化层厚度进行估算,结合氧化烧损研究了加热温度和保温时间对30CrMo钢的实际脱碳层厚度的影响规律。结果表明,在试验气氛为（体积分数,%）CO216.5、O20.8、H2O13、N269.7,加热温度范围为1 000～1 150 ℃时,30CrMo钢的实际脱碳层厚度随着加热时间的增加而增加,低于1 050 ℃时,脱碳层厚度随着温度升高而增加,高于1 050 ℃时,脱碳层由于氧化加剧而减少,1 050 ℃为脱碳敏感温度。     

热轧盘条SWRH72A中间坯表面脱碳的影响因素

利用加热炉、热模拟试验机研究了钢帘线用热轧盘条SWRH72A中间坯表面脱碳情况,分析了加热时间、加热温度及冷却速度对脱碳层深度的影响。结果表明,加热温度800℃时,SWRH72A基本不发生脱碳;加热温度 850℃时,脱碳层深度随温度的升高而增加。900℃保温时SWRH72A表面为完全脱碳;保温时间越长,SWRH72A脱碳层深度越大。脱碳深度与保温时间的平方根成线性关系。生产时应尽量降低加热温度,缩短高温段的保温时间,事故时尽量避开900℃待温;控冷工序提高冷却速度,以降低二次脱碳程度。     

高速轨U75VG脱碳层厚度控制技术

脱碳层是热轧钢轨订货的重要指标之一,铁道部发布的43～75 kg/m热轧钢轨的质量指标规定钢轨头部脱碳层的厚度不得大于0. 5 mm,高速轨内控要求脱碳层厚度控制在0. 3 mm以下。通过观察铸坯在加热过程中脱碳层的变化,研究了加热时间、加热温度及防脱碳涂层对重轨铸坯脱碳层厚度的影响规律。结果表明,重轨铸坯脱碳层厚度随加热时间和加热温度的升高而增加;脱碳速度随加热温度升高明显加快;防脱碳涂料喷涂技术可有效降低脱碳层厚度。当铸坯喷涂涂层厚度在0. 2 mm以上时,铸坯脱碳层厚度可控制在0. 1 mm左右。     

42CrMo钢表面脱碳行为研究

利用S60/58507型高温热重分析仪研究了加热温度对42CrMo钢脱碳的影响，分析了脱碳组织形貌规律，对传统脱碳模型进行了修正。结果表明，总脱碳深度随加热温度的升高而增加。当加热温度为900℃时，42CrMo钢表面出现完全脱碳层和部分脱碳层，当温度为950℃及以上温度时，42CrMo钢表面只出现部分脱碳层。部分脱碳层中铁素体沿晶界分布，形成网状铁素体组织。由于合金元素的作用，传统的脱碳模型不能适用于42CrMo，修正之后的模型能够较为准确地预测42CrMo钢的总脱碳深度。     

碳素工具钢T8表面脱碳规律研究

T8碳素工具钢在热轧环节表面极易出现脱碳现象,脱碳后的热轧卷经后序冷轧易起皮、开裂,严重影响产品质量及使用性能。为探明其表面脱碳规律,设计试验模拟加热过程,通过改变加热温度、保温时间等参数来开展研究。结果表明:T8碳素工具钢的脱碳层深度随时间的延长呈抛物线形不断递增关系,脱碳敏感度从950℃开始,出现脱碳;在950～1 100℃,脱碳层深度随温度上升呈线性增长;1 100℃时,温度越高脱碳层深度增长得越快;热卷温度应控制在950℃以下。     

60Si2Mn弹簧钢加热温度对表面脱碳的影响

表面脱碳是高速线材生产的重要问题之一.在考虑碳扩散和氧化因素后,理论计算了加热温度对60Si2Mn弹簧钢表面脱碳影响的规律,表明在900～1000℃加热温度下60Si2Mn弹簧钢脱碳层厚度存在最小值,此结果与60Si2Mn弹簧钢氧化脱碳试验结果一致.结合钢的相变进一步分析了不同加热温度下表面脱碳层形貌变化的规律,并简要介绍了脱碳控制的主要途径.     

H2/H2O气氛下Fe?C合金薄带气固脱碳反应动力学

为对H₂/H₂O气氛下Fe?C合金薄带的气固反应脱碳进行动力学研究,在保证快速脱碳而铁不氧化的前提下,利用可控气氛高温管式脱碳炉,研究了不同的脱碳温度、薄带厚度、脱碳时间对Fe?C合金薄带脱碳效果的影响。结果表明延长脱碳时间、提高脱碳温度、减少薄带厚度均可提高脱碳效果。当脱碳温度为1353 K,在脱碳过程中,薄带可以分成明显的3层,由表面到内部依次是完全脱碳层、部分脱碳层和未脱碳层。完全脱碳层的组织为铁素体,此部分碳含量最低;部分脱碳层由铁素体、渗碳体和少量石墨相组成,未脱碳层由珠光体和大量石墨相组成,此部分碳含量最高。脱碳层的厚度随着脱碳时间的延长而增加,脱碳层的厚度y与时间t平方根满足良好的线性关系,可用函数y =kt0.5描述,碳原子扩散所需扩散激活能为122.36 kJ?mol?1,脱碳反应为表观一级反应,表观活化能为153.79 kJ?mol?1。      

60Si2MnA弹簧钢盘条脱碳层控制工艺的优化

60Si2MnA弹簧钢ø9ø12 mm盘条的生产流程为100 t BOF-LF-VD-150 mm×150 mm坯连铸-高速线材轧制工艺。讨论了脱碳机理和分析了脱碳的影响因素。通过适当降低二加热段温度,提高均热段温度,铸坯总加热时间由2.7 h降至1.5 h,控制加热炉内氧含量3%5%,开轧和吐丝温度分别从（1000±20）℃和（850±15）℃降至（950±20）℃和（820±20）℃,减少727℃以上温度的风冷时间等工艺措施,使60Si2MnA弹簧钢盘条的全脱碳层由0.072 mm降至0,总脱碳层由0.142 mm降至0.063 mm,弹簧的疲劳寿命由17.7万次提高到23.2万次。     

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An experiment simulating the heating environment of CSP furnace was performed to study the effects of heating temperature, holding time and heating atmosphere on the decarburization of 50CrV4 spring steel. The results show that the decarburization layer depth of 50CrV4 steel increases with increasing the holding time. With holding time of 30 and 60min, the decarburization layer depth increases with increasing the heating temperature below 1050?? and decreases when the temperature is over 1050??. The decarburization layer depth reaches the peak at 1050??. The mixed atmosphere of O2+CO2+H2O+N2 can effectively reduce the decarburization layer depth more than that of O2+CO2+N2 and H2O+N2. Combined with the oxidation model and Fick??s Second Law, the decarburization calculation model is established and corrected with experimental data.     

Effect of carbon content and grain size on structure and depth of surface decarburization of high carbon steel

The surface decarburization of hard wire will occur in the process of heating and rolling, which will seriously affect the performance of workpiece. The effects of holding temperature and carbon content on the type and depth of decarburized layer on hard wire 60, 70 and 82B steel were studied by isothermal heating experiment. The effects of crystallite dimensions of original austenite on decarburization depth of spring steel 60Si2MnA were analyzed. The results show that there is only a complete decarburization layer of 60 steel at 700-750℃ after heating at different temperatures for 90min. There is only a partial decarburization layer at 750-850℃. The depth of decarburized layer decreases gradually with the increase of temperature, and there is only a partial decarburization layer at 850-900℃. The depth of complete decarburization layer decreases gradually with the increase of temperature, and the depth of partial decarburization layer increases gradually with the increase of temperature. The partial decarburization layer of 70 steel only exists at 850-900℃. The depth of complete decarburization layer of 82B steel increases gradually with the increase of temperature, then gradually decreases to zero, at least gradually increases. Only a complete decarburization layer exists at 700℃. There is partial decarburization when the hard wires carbon content is in the γ single phase region, and the depth increases with the increase of carbon content. There is complete decarburization when the carbon content is mainly in the α+γ two phase region, and the depth decreases first and then increases with the increase of carbon content. The depth of the complete decarburization layer of the spring steel 60Si2MnA decreases with the increase of crystallite dimensions of original austenite.     

75Cr1钢加热炉内表面脱碳分析

在实验室模拟现场加热炉加热过程,在CO_2、O_2、H_2O、N_2体积分数分别为16.5%、0.8%、13%、69.7%的混合气氛下对75Cr1钢加热保温。通过正交实验研究了加热温度(975、1 050、1 125、1 200℃)和保温时间(10、20、30、40min)对75Cr1钢脱碳的影响规律。并与菲克第二定律的计算结果进行了对比。实验结果表明:脱碳层深度随着加热温度和保温时间的增加而增加,并且当温度为1 200℃时,增幅明显变大;975℃时的实测值接近理论值,1 050、1 125、1 200℃时,实测值远小于理论值;扩散系数修正后计算值与实测值基本保持一致。     

GD-OES study on oxidation behavior of FeMnAlC TWIP steel sheets during heating

The oxidation behavior of Fe-16%Mn-1.5%Al-0.6%C-0.11%Cr TWIP steel sheet during heating process was studied by simulation experiments. The effects of heating temperature and O2 content in heating atmosphere on the depth distribution of surface elements were analyzed by GD-OES. When TWIP steel sheet is heated to 550-700℃ in the atmosphere of N2-0.05 vol%O2, an oxide layer composed of Fe, Mn and O covers the surface, a Mn depleted zone, a decarburized zone and an internal oxidation zone will be formed in the subsurface layer. The thicknesses of the oxide layer and the subsurface zones increase with heating temperature increasing. When being heated in an oxidizing atmosphere, Al preferentially forms internal oxidation in the subsurface layer, and a small amount of Cr forms external oxidation at the oxide layer/matrix interface. The surface oxide layer basically contains no Al and Cr. When the heating temperature is 650℃, the change of O2 volume fraction in the atmosphere between 0.025%-0.20% has little effect on the thickness of the oxide layer, and the oxide layer with a thickness of 400-500nm can be obtained. In order to obtain the appropriate thickness of the pre oxide layer of TWIP steel and reduce the oxide at the interface between the pre oxide layer and matrix interface, the temperature control of the direct fire heating outlet is more important than the air-fuel ratio control.     

FeMnAlC TWIP钢加热过程中的氧化行为GD-OES研究

摘要：以成分（质量分数）为Fe-16%Mn-1.5%Al-0.6%C-0.11%Cr的TWIP钢为研究对象，采用模拟试验研究了加热过程中的氧化行为，使用GD-OES分析了加热温度和加热气氛中O2含量对表面元素深度分布的影响。结果表明，当TWIP钢在N2-0.05%（体积分数）O2的气氛中加热至550~700℃时，表面会形成Fe-Mn氧化层，次表层会形成贫锰层、脱碳层及内氧化层，各层厚度随加热温度升高而增大。在氧化性气氛中加热时，Al元素优先在次表层形成内氧化，少量的Cr元素在氧化层/基体界面上形成外氧化，表面氧化层中基本不含Al和Cr。当加热温度为650℃时，气氛中O2体积分数在0.025%~0.2%之间变化对氧化层厚度影响较小，均可获得厚度介于400~500nm的氧化层。由此可见，为获得TWIP钢合适的预氧化层厚度，同时减少预氧化层/基板界面位置的氧化物，直火加热出口温度控制比空燃比控制更重要。     

新型高强韧性弹簧钢40T 和44T 脱碳倾向的研究

新型高强韧性弹簧钢40T(%:0.41C-2. 12Si- 1.03Cr- 1.98Ni-0.31Mo-0.25V),44T(%:0.44C-2.28Si- 1.42Cr-0.25V)和弹簧钢60Si2CrVA(%:0.59C-1.65Si-1.11Cr-0.18V)的φ18 mm 和φ26 mm 试验钢材由北满特钢 20t电弧炉冶炼,经轧制、冷拔而成。各钢材经860～1000℃加热脱碳试验的结果表明,40T钢碳含量较低,并 有～2%Ni,其脱碳倾向明显低于44T钢和60Si2CrVA钢;880 ℃加热1 h时,40T钢没有脱碳,44T钢脱碳层深 0.05mm,60Si2CrVA钢脱碳层深0.15 mm;1000 ℃加热20 min,40T钢脱碳层深0.1 mm,44T 钢0.2 mm, 60Si2CrVA钢0.4 mm。40T钢脱碳倾向小,有利于提高弹簧的疲劳寿命。