脉冲噪声环境下基于矩阵差分的远近场混合源定位

为了提高脉冲噪声环境下基于二阶协方差矩阵差分（COV-MD）的远近场混合源定位算法的估计性能,本文提出了基于分数低阶协方差矩阵差分（FLOC-MD）和基于压缩变换协方差矩阵差分（CTC-MD）的远近场混合源定位算法。所提出的算法首先利用一维MUSIC谱峰搜索获得远场源信号的方位角估计,然后利用矩阵差分法实现远近场信号源的分离得到扩展的近场源分数低阶协方差矩阵（或压缩变换协方差矩阵）,最后在利用类旋转不变方法（ESPRIT-Like）估计得到的近场源方位角的基础上,再次利用一维MUSIC谱峰搜索获得近场源距离的估计。计算机仿真结果表明:CTC-MD算法和FLOC-MD算法在强脉冲和低信噪比情况下的估计性能都要明显优于COV-MD算法和其他基于二阶统计量的远近场混合源定位算法,同时CTC-MD算法的性能要好于FLOC-MD算法并且不依赖于脉冲噪声的先验信息。      

稀疏重构混合源参数估计方法

针对近远场混合源定位问题,本文提出了一种基于稀疏信号重构的信源参数估计算法。该算法首先通过对接收信号的协方差矩阵进行稀疏重构估计出远场信源参数,接着采用协方差分离技术将近场源和远场源分离,最后利用均匀线阵的对称性和稀疏信号重构估计近场信源参数。该算法避免了二维谱峰搜索和近场源参数配对,也无需构造高阶累积量,降低了计算复杂度。仿真结果表明,该算法的空间分辨能力和混合源参数估计精度均高于基于子空间的混合源参数估计方法。      

基于深度展开ISTA网络的混合源定位方法

针对嵌套阵列下近场和远场混合源定位问题,本文通过构建和训练深度展开迭代收缩阈值算法（Iterative Shrinkage Thresholding Algorithm,ISTA）网络实现混合源的波达方向（direction of arrival, DOA）和距离参数估计。首先考虑到近场源协方差矩阵具有Hermitian矩阵形式,远场源协方差矩阵具有Hermitian和Toeplitz矩阵形式,通过将混合源协方差矩阵进行差分可以得到近场源差分向量,其中近场源差分向量转换到实数域,可以显著降低深度展开ISTA网络的计算复杂度。接着将不同参数下的近场源差分向量和近场源真实空间谱进行配对作为训练样本,对近场源深度展开ISTA网络进行训练,其中深度展开ISTA网络的隐藏层对应模型驱动ISTA方法的迭代步骤。然后利用估计出的近场源DOA和距离参数,通过子空间差分方法得到远场源协方差向量。最后将不同参数下的远场源协方差向量和远场源真实空间谱进行配对作为训练样本,对远场源深度展开ISTA网络进行训练,其中远场源协方差向量同样转换到实数域。在深度展开ISTA网络的训练过程中,损失函数只与重构误差和网络输出的稀疏性有关,不需要混合源的标签,可以认为是无监督学习。仿真实验表明所提出的深度展开ISTA网络能够实现混合源识别和定位。此外所提出的深度展开ISTA网络具有可解释参数,对近场和远场混合源的离网格参数估计具有泛化能力。相较于模型驱动ISTA方法,经过训练的深度展开ISTA网络的收敛速度更快,对近场和远场混合源定位的精度更高。      

基于幅相误差阵列的远近场混合信号超分辨测向方法

大多数的超分辨测向方法都需要掌握准确的阵列流型,然而在实际应用当中,各阵元通道对信号的幅度增益和延时往往不一致,使得真正的阵列流型和它的理论模型之间存在一定的误差,最终造成测向性能的下降.针对这个问题,论文提出了一种基于幅相误差阵列的远近场混合信号超分辨测向估计方法.首先对信号的空间谱函数进行变换判断出远场信号方向,接着根据远场信号子空间和噪声子空间的正交性估计出阵列误差并对数据进行校正,在此基础上通过矩阵分解判断出近场信号方向,同时还能够实现近场信号的定位.所提方法直接对信号空间谱函数分母的多项式求根得出信号方向和近场信号距离,回避了谱峰搜索的过程,在保证一定精度的前提下大大提高了计算速度.     

基于协方差差分的近场源定位参量估计

提出一种基于空间差分技术的近场源方位角和距离联合估计新算法.算法利用平稳噪声协方差矩阵关于主对角线对称的特点,构造近场源定位模型下的空间差分矩阵.推导并证明了该矩阵的谱分解特性,以此为基础确定噪声子空间,借助谱峰搜索实现定位参量估计.算法通过对消噪声分量有效降低了未知平稳噪声对定位精度的影响,同时避免了应用差分技术解决信源定位时出现的伪峰问题.均方根误差的仿真结果证明了算法的有效性.     

基于重加权?1范数惩罚的远近场混合源定位算法

现有信源定位方法大多假定信源是远场源或近场源,而实际定位系统中往往存在远场源和近场源共存的情况。为实现远、近场源分离及高精度信源定位,本文在稀疏信号重构理论框架下提出了一种新的远近场混合源定位算法。该算法利用阵列协方差矩阵反对角线元素和重加权l1范数惩罚获得所有信源的到达角（Direction Of Arrival, DOA）估计。在DOA估计的基础上,根据远场与近场源距离参数位于不同区间的特点利用一维搜索实现远、近场源分离以及近场源距离参数的估计。从理论角度分析了重加权l1范数惩罚算法的重构性能。本文所提算法不仅同时适用于高斯和非高斯信号,而且无需多维搜索和参数配对,也无需信源数的先验信息,同时还可以获得较好的定位精度。计算机仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。     

基于均匀圆阵的近场源定位技术研究进展

近场源定位在雷达、声呐和通信中发挥着重要的作用。该文利用均匀圆阵的阵列结构优势,系统梳理了窄带近场源定位方法以及解模糊方法,并在此基础上从时域、频域、分数阶傅里叶域等方面阐述了近场线性调频(LFM)信号的方位角、俯仰角和距离等3维位置参数快速精确估计方法。最后,对相干辐射源和近远场混合源参数估计等后续研究内容进行了展望。     

基于时频域单源区域的延迟欠定混合非平稳信号盲分离

针对衰减-延迟欠定混合信号的盲分离问题,提出了基于子空间分解的时频域上单源区域检测方法,估计出信号在时频域上的单源区域以及相应的特征向量,然后利用系统聚类法对单源区域对应的特征向量进行聚类分析,估计出源信号数目以及混合矩阵,最后通过改进的基于子空间投影算法完成源信号的恢复.仿真结果表明本文算法提高了混合矩阵和源信号的估...     

基于均匀线阵的混合源波达方向估计方法

文中提出了一种基于均匀线阵的混合源波达方向DOA估计的改进方法。该方法首先利用传统MUSIC方法估计出非相干信号源的DOA,然后接收数据协方差矩阵进行差分消除不相关源和噪声的影响,对其进行特殊的空间平滑去相干,从而利用重建的数据协方差矩阵估计相干源的DOA。此方法的特点是分别估计不相关信号和相干信号的DOA。优点是算法在估计出多于阵元数信号的前提下具有较高的DOA估计精度和稳健性。仿真结果表明此方法的估计性能优于空间差分平滑算法。     

有色噪声下不相关和相干混合信号的DOA估计

针对有色噪声背景下的不相关和相干混合入射信号，本文提出了一种新的波达角度（Direction Of Arrival,DOA）估计方法 .首先对混合信号协方差矩阵进行分析和处理以消除其中的有色噪声部分.在此基础上，先利用多重信号分类（Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC）方法或旋转不变信号参数估计（Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques,ESPRIT）法估计出不相关信号的DOA；然后利用改进的空间差分方法构造出一个新的只含有相干信号的协方差矩阵，且无秩亏损；最后利用MUSIC算法或ESPRIT算法从中估计出相干信号的DOA.和文献报道的方法相比，新方法具有更优的混合信号DOA估计性能，尤其对于相干信号.仿真结果验证了该算法的有效性.     

Passive localization of mixed sources jointly using MUSIC and sparse signal reconstruction

Source localization for mixed far-field and near-field sources is considered. By constructing the second-order statistics domain data of array which is only related to DOA parameters of mixed sources, we obtain the DOA estimation of all sources using the weighted ℓ₁-norm minimization. And then, we use MUSIC spectral function to distinguish the mixed sources as well as to provide a more accurate DOA estimation of far-field sources. Finally, a mixed overcomplete matrix on the basis of DOA estimation is introduced in the sparse signal representation framework to estimate range parameters. The performance of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulations and is also compared with two existing methods.     

基于均匀圆阵的近场源三维参数估计

基于均匀圆阵,提出一种近场源距离-方位角-俯仰角联合估计算法。利用阵元观测数据,构造一组高阶累积量矩阵,通过矩阵联合对角化技术得到阵列流形矩阵的估计。根据阵列流形矩阵的估计以及近场和远场条件下方位角相同的结论,获得方位角的估计。利用阵列流形矩阵和方位角的估计,得到距离和俯仰角的估计。该方法无需二维频域峰值搜索或参数配对。计算机仿真验证了算法的有效性。     

Passive Localization of Mixed Near-Field and Far-Field Sources Using Two-stage MUSIC Algorithm

Passive source localization is one of the issues in array signal processing fields. In some practical applications, the signals received by an array are the mixture of near-field and far-field sources, such as speaker localization using microphone arrays and guidance (homing) systems. To localize mixed near-field and far-field sources, this paper develops a two-stage MUSIC algorithm using cumulant. The key points of this paper are: (i) in the first stage, this paper derives one special cumulant matrix, in which the virtual ?steering vector? is the function of the common electric angle in both near-field and far-field signal models so that source direction-of-arrival (DOA) (near-field or far-field one) can be obtained from this electric angle using the conventional high-resolution MUSIC algorithm; (ii) in the second stage, this paper derives another particular cumulant matrix, in which the virtual ?steering matrix? has full column rank no matter whether the received signals are multiple near-field sources or multiple far-field ones or their mixture. What is more important, the virtual ?steering vector? can be separated into two parts, in which the first one is the function of the common electric angle in both signal models, whereas the second part is the function of the electric angle that exists only in near-field signal model. Furthermore, by substituting the common electric angle estimated in the first stage into one special Hermitian matrix formed from another MUSIC spectral function, the range of near-field sources can be obtained from the eigenvector of the Hermitian matrix. The resultant algorithm avoids two- dimensional search and pairing parameters; in addition, it avoids the estimation failure problem and alleviates aperture loss. Simulation results are presented to validate the performance of the proposed method.     

Two-dimensional DOA estimation for acoustic vector-sensor array using a successive MUSIC

This paper discusses the problem of two-dimensional (2D) direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for acoustic vector-sensor array, and derives a successive multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm therein. The proposed algorithm obtains initial estimations of the azimuth and elevation angles obtained from the signal subspace, and uses successively one-dimensional local searches to achieve the joint estimation of 2D-DOA. The proposed algorithm, which requires the one-dimension local searches, can avoid the high computational cost within 2D-MUSIC algorithm. The proposed algorithm can obtain automatically-paired 2D-DOA estimation for acoustic vector-sensor array, and it has better DOA estimation performance than propagator method, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique algorithm and trilinear decomposition algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close angle estimation to 2D-MUSIC algorithm. Furthermore, it is suitable for non-uniform linear arrays, works well for the sources with the same azimuth angle, and imposes less constraint on the sensor spacing, which does not have to be restricted within half-wavelength. We have also derived the mean-square error of DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of DOA estimation. Simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

采用降秩多级维纳滤波器的二维DOA估计快速算法

针对双平行线阵的二维波达方向(DOA)估计问题,为有效降低计算复杂度,提出了一种基于降秩多级维纳滤波器(MSWF)的快速算法。首先利用MSWF的前向递推实现信号子空间的快速估计,无需估计协方差矩阵和特征分解;然后,通过MUSIC算法对方位角和俯仰角的估计进行分维估计,使二维DOA估计退化为两个一维DOA估计问题,且方位角和俯仰角自动配对,进一步降低了运算量。仿真结果表明,该方法的估计精度优于同样基于双平行线阵提出的波达方向矩阵法(DOAM),俯仰角兼并时同样适用,计算复杂度低,适用于实时性要求高的应用背景。     

基于互素对称阵的近场源定位

针对近场源定位中存在的孔径损失问题,该文提出了一种新的近场源定位算法。该算法采用互素对称阵列,使得阵元间距不必限制于1/4信号波长。首先构造一个特殊的四阶累积量矩阵,进而采用MUSIC算法估计信源方位角,然后在每个估计方向上搜索距离。该算法将近场源2维定位问题转化为多次1维搜索,且参数自动配对。互素对称阵的使用有效地扩展了阵列孔径,提高了空间分辨概率和参数估计性能。计算机仿真验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于高效3D-MUSIC 算法的近场辐射源定位

本文提出了一种用于近场辐射源定位的高效3D -MUSIC算法。该算法首先假设信号源为远场源,得到有关近场信号源与假设的远场信号源的关系式;然后利用傅立叶变换与多项式根方法计算远场辐射源的仰角和方位角,建立近场辐射源的搜索路径,沿此路径用传统的3 D-MUSIC搜索,确定近场辐射源的位置;最后在该位置附近进行局部优化搜索,得到最佳结果。仿真结果表明,该方法精确定位,计算时间短,有效地提高了定位的实时性。     

2D DOA estimation for noncircular sources using L-shaped sparse array

We present an algorithm for two-dimensional (2D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of noncircular sources using an L-shaped sparse array. An L-shaped sparse array consisting of two co-prime arrays is firstly introduced. Then, the fourth-order-cumulants (FOCs) of received data are used to construct a FOC matrix (FOCM), by which we can get the estimations of elevation angles. With the estimated elevation angles, the azimuth angles can be estimated by a low-complexity signal separation algorithm. During the procedure used for estimating azimuth angles, no any eigenvalue decomposition (EVD), peak search and pair-matching procedure need to be implemented. Although the aperture is extended significantly, the computation complexity of proposed algorithm still is acceptable. Compared with some analogous algorithms, our approach shows more attractive estimation performance. A lot of simulation results prove the advantages of proposed DOA estimation technology.