C/C多孔体对C/C-SiC复合材料制备及性能的影响

以准三维针刺碳纤维预制体,经化学气相渗透(CVI)法制备了4种密度的C/C多孔体,利用先驱体浸渍裂解法(PIP)制备了C/C-SiC复合材料,研究了C/C多孔体对C/C-SiC复合材料制备和最终性能的影响。结果表明:C/C多孔体密度越低,最终得到的C/C-SiC复合材料开孔隙率及SiC含量较高。SiC的存在使C/C-SiC材料具有较高的弯曲强度,纤维和基体界面也是影响弯曲强度的关键因素,其中密度为1.35g/cm3的C/C多孔体所制备的C/C-SiC复合材料纤维和基体之间形成较好的结合界面,其弯曲强度最大。同时,SiC含量增加可显著提高C/C-SiC复合材料的抗烧蚀性能。     

T300碳纤维热处理对Cf/SiC复合材料性能的影响

以聚碳硅烷先驱体浸渍裂解工艺制备T300碳纤维增强3D Cf/SiC复合材料,研究了T300碳纤维预先热处理对材料性能的影响.结果表明,热处理能够弱化Cf/SiC复合材料中纤维-基体界面结合,减少碳纤维在复合过程的损伤,显著提高复合材料性能.纤维经热处理后制备的Cf/SiC复合材料弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别从未经处理的154MPa,4.8MPa·m1/2提高到437MPa,20.4 MPa·m1/2.     

不同先驱体制备C/SiC复合材料及其浸渍行为

采用先驱体浸渍裂解工艺(PIP工艺)制备C/SiC复合材料, 研究了不同先驱体对复合材料浸渍行为的影响(三种先驱体分别为固态聚碳硅烷(PCS(s))、液态聚碳硅烷Ⅰ(PCS-Ⅰ(l))和液态聚碳硅烷Ⅱ(PCS-Ⅱ(l)), 制备的三种复合材料体系分别为C/SiC-0、C/SiC-Ⅰ和C/SiC-Ⅱ)。结合C/SiC复合材料的力学性能以及不同裂解周期C/SiC复合材料的微观形貌, 研究了不同先驱体制备的C/SiC复合材料对碳纤维织物浸渍行为的影响。研究结果表明: C/SiC-Ⅰ复合材料的室温弯曲强度最高, 达到336 MPa。不同裂解周期的微观形貌显示, C/SiC-0复合材料内部孔隙分布于碳纤维束间; C/SiC-Ⅰ复合材料内部较致密, 孔隙分布均匀; C/SiC-Ⅱ复合材料基体和束丝内部都存在孔隙, 说明三种聚碳硅烷浸渍液对C/SiC复合材料有不同的浸渍效果。凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)的分析结果显示, 由于浸渍液的分子量不同, 大分子无法浸渍到碳纤维束丝内部, 会造成裂解后的复合材料束内SiC基体较少, 造成其力学性能较低。     

CVI-SiC/TaC改性C/C复合材料的力学性能及其断裂行为

以针刺碳纤维整体毡为预制体,采用化学气相渗透工艺对预制体纤维进行PyC/SiC/TaC的多层复合模式的涂层改性,然后采用化学气相渗透和热固性树脂浸渍-炭化进行增密,制备出新型C/C复合材料.对复合材料的微观结构和力学性能进行了研究.结果表明:包覆在碳纤维表面的PyC/SiC/TaC多层结构均匀致密、无裂纹,在C/C复合材料中形成空间管状网络结构;改性后C/C复合材料的抗弯强度和韧性均大大提高,平均抗弯强度达到522MPa,断裂位移达到1.19mm;复合材料弯曲断裂形式表现为脆性断裂,经过2000℃高温热处理以后,复合材料的抗弯强度下降,但最大断裂位移增大,弯曲断裂形式由脆性断裂转变为良好的假塑性断裂.     

CVI-iC/TaC改性C/C复合材料的力学性能及其断裂行为

以针刺碳纤维整体毡为预制体,采用化学气相渗透工艺对预制体纤维进行PyC/SiC/TaC的多层复合模式的涂层改性, 然后采用化学气相渗透和热固性树脂浸渍-化进行增密,制备出新型C/C复合材料。对复合材料的微观结构和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:包覆在碳纤维表面的PyC/SiC/TaC多层结构均匀致密、无裂纹,在C/C复合材料中形成空间管状网络结构;改性后C/C复合材料的抗弯强度和韧性均大大提高, 平均抗弯强度达到522 MPa,断裂位移达到1.19mm;复合材料弯曲断裂形式表现为脆性断裂,经过2000℃高温热处理以后,复合材料的抗弯强度下降,但最大断裂位移增大,弯曲断裂形式由脆性断裂转变为良好的假塑性断裂。      

“CVI+压力PIP”混合工艺制备低成本 C/SiC复合材料

以低成本填料改性有机硅浸渍剂作为先驱体,采用"化学气相渗透法+压力先驱体浸渍裂解法"(CVI+P-PIP)混合工艺制备了低成本C/SiC陶瓷复合材料.研究了浸渍剂裂解机理,探讨了界面涂层对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明,填料改性有机硅浸渍剂裂解产物结构致密、陶瓷产率高;压力可提高填料改性有机硅浸渍剂的致密效率.混合工艺充分利用沉积SiC基体和裂解SiC基体的致密化特点,有效缩短了制备周期.C/SiC/C三层界面不仅可降低纤维/基体之间结合强度界面,提高了复合材料韧性;而且减缓了氧化性气体扩散到碳纤维表面的速度,改善了复合材料的抗氧化性能.复合材料的抗弯强度达到455MPa,断裂韧性达到15.7MPa·m-1/2.在1300℃空气中氧化3h,复合材料失重仅8.5%.     

合金反应熔渗法制备C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料

采用22Hf78Si合金反应熔渗法制备了高性能低成本的C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料.首先采用化学气相渗透法增密碳纤维预制体得到多孔C/C复合材料预制体,然后在1700℃下反应熔渗22 Hf78Si合金制备得到C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料.XRD分析表明复合材料由碳、SiC和HfC相组成.C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料的抗弯强度为237MPa,断裂模式为假塑性断裂模式.采用激光测试了反应熔渗C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料的抗烧蚀性能,复合材料的线烧蚀率为0.038mm/s,大大低于C/SiC复合材料的线烧蚀率0.081mm/s.烧蚀后复合材料烧蚀表面形成了一层HfO2烧蚀层,有效提高了复合材料的抗烧蚀性能.     

合金反应熔渗法制备C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料

采用22Hf78Si合金反应熔渗法制备了高性能低成本的C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料.首先采用化学气相渗透法增密碳纤维预制体得到多孔C/C复合材料预制体,然后在1700℃下反应熔渗22 Hf78Si合金制备得到C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料.XRD分析表明复合材料由碳、SiC和HfC相组成.C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料的抗弯强度为237MPa,断裂模式为假塑性断裂模式.采用激光测试了反应熔渗C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料的抗烧蚀性能,复合材料的线烧蚀率为0.038mm/s,大大低于C/SiC复合材料的线烧蚀率0.081mm/s.烧蚀后复合材料烧蚀表面形成了一层HfO2烧蚀层,有效提高了复合材料的抗烧蚀性能.     

界面涂层对液相硅浸渗制备C/SiC复合材料力学性能的影响

采用化学气相沉积工艺对短切碳纤维毡体进行界面涂层改性处理后树脂浸渍裂解得到了多孔C/C预制体,再将预制体液相硅浸渗制备了C/SiC复合材料.对比了纤维有无界面涂层对C/SiC复合材料力学性能的影响,并分析了其断裂机制.结果表明,与无界面涂层改性相比,碳毡经化学气相沉积SiC涂层改性处理后制备的C/SiC复合材料的力学性能更好,强度和模量分别提高了192％和36％.界面涂层增强了纤维的抗硅化效果是C/SiC复合材料力学性能提高的主要原因,但同时复合材料也呈现出脆性断裂模式.     

合金反应熔渗法制备C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料（英文）

采用22Hf78Si合金反应熔渗法制备了高性能低成本的C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料。首先采用化学气相渗透法增密碳纤维预制体得到多孔C/C复合材料预制体,然后在1700℃下反应熔渗22Hf78Si合金制备得到C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料。XRD分析表明复合材料由碳、SiC和HfC相组成。C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料的抗弯强度为237MPa,断裂模式为假塑性断裂模式。采用激光测试了反应熔渗C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料的抗烧蚀性能,复合材料的线烧蚀率为0.038mm/s,大大低于C/SiC复合材料的线烧蚀率0.081mm/s。烧蚀后复合材料烧蚀表面形成了一层HfO2烧蚀层,有效提高了复合材料的抗烧蚀性能。     

C/C-ZrC复合材料的微观结构和力学性能研究

采用ZrOCl₂溶液浸渍法把锆化合物引入碳纤维预制体, 经热处理、热梯度化学气相渗透致密化和高温石墨化工艺制备了C/C-ZrC复合材料。性能测试结果表明, C/C复合材料的弯曲强度和模量随ZrC含量的增加而增大, ZrC含量为12.08wt%时, 其强度和模量分别为42.5 MPa 和9.6 GPa, 比未改性试样分别提高了70.0%和43.3%。基体中结合较弱的微米级ZrC颗粒的存在不利于碳基体强度的提高, 但其对材料最终性能的影响是次要的, 碳基体中亚微米/纳米级ZrC颗粒的存在和良好的ZrC-C界面结合, 提高了碳基体的强度和模量, 进而提高了复合材料的最终性能。     

用CVI工艺制备的低密度单向C/C复合材料的阻尼性能

用化学气相渗透工艺（ＣＶＩ）制备出几种不同密度及不同炭纤维类型增强的单向Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料。在国内自制多功能内耗仪上用扭摆法测试其阻尼性能。结果表明,低密度单向Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料的阻尼随密度的升高而降低。同种工艺条件,高模炭纤维Ｔ－５０增强的单向Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料的阻尼性能优于高强炭纤维Ｔ３００增强的单向Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料,且前者在８０￣２００℃范围内有一明显的内耗峰。纤维类型和界面微观结构是影响这类单向Ｃ／Ｃ复     

Compressive failure of unidirectional hybrid fibre-reinforced epoxy composites containing carbon and silicon carbide fibres

The compressive failure of unidirectional hybrid fibre-reinforced epoxy matrix composites containing carbon (C) and silicon carbide (SiC) fibres has been investigated. In contrast to the case of flexural testing previously investigated by the authors, no significant increase in compressive strength, elastic modulus, or work of fracture was noted for the case of composites containing a mixture of C and SiC fibres. The specific compressive strength and elastic modulus generally decreased with increasing SiC fibre content due to the higher density of these fibres. Failure modes of tested specimens were classified into two main groups, namely compressive shear and compressive crushing, with the presence of fibre kinking and longitudinal splitting being noted in both cases.     

Mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of lead-silicon carbide fiber and lead-carbon fiber composites made by electrodeposition

Multifilament silicon carbide fibers (Nippon Carbon, Nicalon type) and carbon fibers (Thornel, Pan T 300 and Pitch type) were used to produce lead-matrix composite materials for battery plate grid applications. Lead was impregnated into the fibers by electrodeposition from fluoborate baths. The electrical conductivity of carbon fibers was sufficient for direct electroplating; silicon carbide fibers were electroless plated with copper beforehand. The experimental conditions for good penetration of lead into the fiber tows were determined.Unidirectional composite samples with a fiber volume fraction of 5 to 25% were prepared from both lead impregnated fiber sheets and rods by hot-pressing (280°C, 50 MPa, 5–30 mm). The flexural strength and modulus of these samples were measured as a function of the infiltration current density and of the fiber volume fraction. Ultimate strengths in the range 300–400 MPa were attained for both lead-silicon carbide and lead-carbon composites, at a fiber volume fraction of about 25%. These latter composites exhibited a good corrosion resistance towards 38.5 wt-% sulfuric acid under non-anodic conditions.     

Comparison of ceramic material effects on the flexural Weibull statistics and fracture of high volume fraction particle reinforced aluminum

The effects of the ceramic particle material on the flexural Weibull modulus, characteristic flexural strength, and damage parameters of particulate-reinforced metal-matrix composites were studied. Three high volume fill composites were fabricated using the pressure infusion casting technique: they were reinforced with SiC, B₄C, and -Al₂O₃ particles. Four-point bend testing determined the effects of particle material on flexural strength and elastic modulus. It was found the B₄C and SiC composites had similar flexural Weibull modulus, low deflection, and similar damage parameters. The -Al₂O₃ reinforced composite had the largest flexural Weibull modulus, highest deflection at failure, and largest damage parameter. Extensive microstructural and SEM fractographs were taken of the as-processes and fractured specimens. The mechanisms leading to the dominant failure modes are discussed.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Si_3N_4 Composites Containing SiC Platelet

Hoppressed Si3N4/SiC platelet composites had been investigated with respect to their microstructure and mechanical properties. The results indicate that Vickers hardness, elastic modulus and fracture toughness of the composites were increased by the addition of SiC platelet until the content up to 20 vol pct. A slight decrease in flexural Strength was measured at room temperature with increasing SiC platelet content. The high temperature flexural strength tests at 1150, 1250, and 1350℃ were conducted. It was found that the flexural strength at elevated temperature was degraded with the rising temperature, and the downward trend of flexural strength for the composite containing 10 vol. pct SiC platelet was less. The results indicate that SiC platelet had a positive influence on the high temperature strength. Effects of SiC platelet reinforcement were presented     

Effects of microstructure on flexural strength of biomorphic C/SiC composites

Biomorphic C/SiC composites were fabricated from different kinds of wood by liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) following a two-step process. In the first-step, the wood is converted into carbon preforms by pyrolysis in a nitrogen atmosphere. The carbon preforms are then infiltrated by silicon melt at 1,560°C under vacuum to fabricate C/SiC composites. The mechanical properties of the C/SiC composites were characterized by flexural tests at ambient temperature, 1,000, and 1,300°C, and the relationship between mechanical properties and microstructure was analyzed. The flexural strength of the biomorphic composites was strongly dependent on the properties of the carbon preforms and the degree of silicon infiltration. The flexural strength increased with increasing SiC content and bulk density of composite, and with decreasing porosity in the C/SiC composite. An analysis of fractographs of fractured C/SiC composites showed a cleavage type fracture, indicating brittle fracture behavior.     

陶瓷/纤维/树脂超混杂复合材料的力学性能

以泡沫SiC陶瓷为基本骨架,以改性酚醛树脂为基体,加入短切高硅氧玻璃纤维制备出陶瓷/纤维/树脂超混杂复合材料(SHCM),研究了泡沫陶瓷骨架和高硅氧纤维对材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,泡沫陶瓷骨架有利于材料的刚度和尺寸稳定性提高.加入泡沫陶瓷骨架后,纤维/树脂/陶瓷超混杂复合材料的压缩强度和压缩模量增大,随着泡沫陶瓷骨架含量的提高,弯曲模量大幅度提高而弯曲强度略有下降;随着高硅氧纤维含量的提高,材料的弯曲强度及弯曲模量均明显提高.     

Effect of multilayer coating on mechanical properties of Nicalon-fibre-reinforced silicon carbide composites

Nicalon-fibre-reinforced SiC composites were fabricated by combining polymer solution infiltration (PSI) and chemical vapour infiltration (CVI). Effect of multilayer coating on mechanical properties of the composites was investigated. The coatings consisted of chemically vapour deposited (CVD) C and SiC and were designed to enhance fibre pull-out in the composites. It was found that the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites were increased with the number of coating layers and was a maximum for 7 coating layers which consisted of C/SiC/C/SiC/C/SiC/C. Typical flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites were 300 MPa and 14.5 MPa m^1/2, respectively.