共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 578 毫秒
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王长清 《电子产品可靠性与环境试验》2015,33(1):50-53
针对电子企业质量管理工作中的常见问题,包括其纲领和实现手段即质量管理体系和质量管理方法两方面的问题:剖析了质量管理体系存在的问题,提出了对策;论述了质量管理的前沿方法即通过改变理念,引进先进的质量管理技术、管理理念,采取一些诸如使用先进的质量管理工具、质量与可靠性设计方法等措施,使质量管理与业务相融合,以此确保质量管理有效,确保产品的质量与可靠性。 相似文献
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教育的根本任务是培养人,高等教育质量的根本体现是高等学校学生质量。在影响高等教育质量评价的诸多因素中,学生质量则是根本因素,因此,探索学生质量问题是提高教育质量、加强高等教育质量评价的关键所在。 相似文献
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质量管理是一项协调的活动,它是通过建立、运作和保持一个有效的质量管理体系来实施的。在质量管理中,质量策划、质量控制、质量保证和质量改进都是质量管理的一部分。本文,以质量管理中的过程与细节作为切入点,浅谈一下对细节与过程的认识,细节与过程在质量管理方面的作用,以及如何利用现有的标准和工具去更好的控制过程、关注细节。 相似文献
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Meihua Shen Wilfred Pau Nicolas Gani Jianping Wen Shashank Deshmukh Thorsten Lill Jian Zhang Hanming Wu Guqing Xing 《半导体技术》2004,29(8)
This paper presents a brief overview of the Applied Centura(R)DPS(R)system,configured with silicon etch DPS Ⅱ chamber, with emphasis on discussing tuning capability for CD uniformity control. It also presents the studies of etch process chemistry and film integration impact for an overall successful gate patterning development. Discussions will focus on resolutions to key issues, such as CD uniformity, line-edge roughness, and multilayer film etching integration. 相似文献
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针对光刻过程非线性、时变和产品质量不易在线测量的特性,提出了一种基于最小二乘支持向量机预测模型和微粒群滚动优化方法的批次控制预测控制器。通过历史批次样本数据构建光刻过程的最小二乘支持向量机预测模型,解决了复杂光刻过程难以建立精确数学模型的难题,提高了预测模型的精度。通过预测误差的反馈校正和微粒群滚动优化算法求解最优控制律,提高了控制精度。性能分析结果表明,与指数加权移动平均方法及非线性模型预测控制方法相比较,批次控制预测控制器控制器减小了不同批次关键尺寸输出的差异,显著降低了关键尺寸输出的均方根误差,有效抑制了过程扰动影响。 相似文献
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Run-to-run critical dimension and sidewall angle lithography control using the PROLITH simulator 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Chemali C.E. Freudenberg J. Hankinson M. Bendik J.J. 《Semiconductor Manufacturing, IEEE Transactions on》2004,17(3):388-401
We derive and investigate three different run-to-run (R2R) feedback controllers for the purpose of trying to minimize the detrimental effects of lithography process disturbances on critical resist profiles. Our controllers manipulate the dose and focus inputs and include Kalman filtering schemes that estimate the disturbances. The first controller adjusts the critical dimension (CD) and sidewall angle (SWA) of the resist profile. The second controller compensates for the print bias between isolated and dense lines. The third controller finds the best tradeoff between CD, SWA, and print bias. We tested the performance of the controllers using the lithography simulator PROLITH (v.7.0). The results showed a reduction of the effect of the disturbances on the CD, SWA, and print bias. Moreover, the results quantify the benefit of using focus, in addition to dose, as a control input for the purpose of controlling the resist profile. 相似文献
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目前在世界上许多国家运营的蜂窝式移动电话系统如北欧四国的 NMT、美国的AMPS、联邦德图的 C 网、英国的 TACS、日本的 NAMTS,我国在北京、上海和广州运营的 TACS 和爱立克森系统都属第一代模拟式移动电话系统。为了满足更多用户的要求,建立符合统一技术标准的系统,欧州许多国家在移动通信专业组(GSM)组织协调下,提出了多种系统方案,即第二代数字蜂窝式移动电话系统试验系统方案。本文对这几种系统,重点对 CD900、S900D,作了全面介绍。并从多址技术、信道编码、语音编码、调制技术以及经济性等方面进行了分析和评估。 相似文献
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Shupei Sheng Xuya Yu Guozheng Xing Limin Jin Yan Zhang Dunwan Zhu Xia Dong Lin Mei Feng Lv 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(5):2212118
Tumor precision therapy and preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis are the main challenges to tumor eradication. Herein, an apoptotic body-based vehicle with imaging navigation is developed for precise tumor delivery and photothermal-immunotherapy by IR820-conjugated apoptotic body loaded with R848 nanoparticles. The apoptotic body serves as ammunition stores as well as vehicle drive engines, while IR820 acts as a fluorescence imaging navigation and photothermal controlling system. The apoptotic body vehicle can deliver the ammunition to tumor and achieve deep penetration by macrophage-hitchhiking. Fluorescence imaging navigation opens a control window for photothermal treatment, followed by photothermal triggering of in situ vaccine formation. Further, CD47 antibody loaded hydrogel strengthens innate and adaptive immunity, simultaneously the polarization of macrophages regulates the immunosuppressive microenvironment to further promote the combined antitumor immunotherapy. With breast tumor (4T1)-bearing mice model, the apoptotic body vehicle performs excellent therapeutic efficacy for primary tumor, distant tumor, tumor metastasis, and recurrence prevention. 相似文献
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目的比较总淋巴细胞计数、CD4+CD25+Treg细胞、Th/Tr淋巴细胞比值、CD4/CD8比值评估结直肠癌患者抗肿瘤免疫状态的意义。方法应用流式细胞术检测60例结直肠癌患者和30例健康者外周血Th/Tr比值、CD4/CD8比值,计算CD4+CD25+Treg计数、淋巴细胞总数,并与30例健康志愿者进行比较。结果结直肠癌患者总淋巴细胞计数较健康志愿者减少,CD4+CD25+Treg较健康志愿者增多(P<0.05);有转移与无转移的结直肠癌患者总淋巴细胞计数、CD4+CD25+Treg细胞计数分别为1478±349vs1576±369(P>0.05)、121±47vs107±64(P>0.05);结直肠癌患者Th/Tr比值小于健康志愿者(P<0.01),有转移结直肠癌患者Th/Tr比值小于无转移患者(P<0.01);CD4/CD8比值在患者与健康志愿者间无统计学差异(P>0.05),且与有无转移无关。结论Th/Tr比值对结直肠癌患者抗肿瘤免疫状态的评估可能优于总淋巴细胞计数、CD4+CD25+Treg细胞计数和CD4/CD8比值。 相似文献
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A G Merson Zh Brosh'e N M Gipsh N M Karminskaia O Iu Udris 《Eksperimental?nai?a onkologii?a》1988,10(1):40-43
A phenotype of lymphoid cells of peripheral blood in 38 patients with B-cel chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) was determined by means of a set of monoclonal antibodies. In the majority of the cases (32 persons--group I) the cells had an incomplete phenotype (CD 20+, CD 21-, CD 22-, CD 24+, CD 37+). In 6 patients (group II) cells had all the surface markers peculiar to B-CLL cells (phenotype--CD 20+, CD 21+, CD 22+, CD 24+, CD 37+). In 2 out of 6 cases lymphoid cells contained E-receptor (CD 2+). Cells of the patients from group I and II differed also in the level of TUI-receptor. An assumption is advanced about the existence of two phenotypic variants of B-CLL and about a possible association of CD 21 and CD 22 receptors. 相似文献
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目的:通过观察大鼠创伤性脑损伤后血浆β-EP、CD4^+、CD8^+和IL-2的动态变化,了解脑创伤后机体细胞免疫变化。方法:(1)采用气体冲击致大鼠中重度脑损伤模型;(2)流式细胞术检测血浆中CD4^+、CD8^+的含量;放射免疫法(RIA)测定血浆中β-EP的含量;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测血浆中IL-2的含量。结果:CD4^+与IL-2含量在TBI后6h显著降低,CD4^+和IL-2分别于1d、3d达到谷值;β-EP、CD8^+6h显著升高,分别于6h、1d达到峰值。CD4^+与IL-2呈直线正相关性;CD4^+和IL-2降低,β-EP和CD8^+升高,引起免疫平衡紊乱,表现为细胞免疫功能抑制。 相似文献