SA266-304爆炸复合板的三种结合界面

运用JXA－8800M超大型电子探针对SA266—304爆炸复合板的结合界面进行了全面的分析测试，发现结合界面有大波状、小波状、微波状三类结合形式，其中以微波状为最佳．     

不锈钢—碳钢单、双面复合板的爆炸焊接及性能研究

研究了不锈钢－碳钢单面、双面复合板爆炸焊接质量,结合界面的微观结构,剪切强度及耐蚀性能,结果表明,单、双面不锈钢－低碳爆炸焊接复合板的结合界面均为波状结构,结合面两侧存在一定组织变形,近界面处为角结晶组织,稍远处为拉伸变形后的维状组织,结合界面碳钢－侧过渡区存在增碳区,不锈钢一侧有一个脱碳层,双面复合界面的结合过渡区的单面为１．５倍宽,脱碳区也接近单面的１．５倍,采用切割爆炸焊接法有利于改善不锈钢－低碳钢复合板的边缘焊合,在同一基板上进行了双面不锈钢复合时,第一面复合界面的剪切强度比第二面复合界面的差,还是双面复合板,其界面结面强度均由起爆端的末端逐渐降低,结合界面的脱碳层对复合的耐蚀性能无明显影响。     

爆炸焊接布药工艺与微观结合界面形貌分析

爆炸焊接是复合材料加工的1项高新技术,不同的爆炸焊接布药工艺对复合板的质量有很大影响。通过对传统的均匀布药工艺和新不等厚度布药工艺进行爆炸焊接试验和理论分析,发现传统的均匀布药工艺所得到的焊接大波状结合界面明显、复合板质量不好,而新不等厚度布药新工艺可以使炸药产生的爆轰压力逐渐减少,并和材料本身振动产生的惯性力协调作用,得到基本一致的微小波状结合界面,同时降低震动和噪声。结论表明新工艺对工业生产和爆炸焊接试验有很好的指导作用。     

T10-20G爆炸焊接复合板

通过选取最佳的爆炸焊接参数,消除了T10－20G爆炸复合板表面的裂纹,使复合率达到100％,微观测试和宏观力学性能检测表明,从起爆端开始,界面波依次为微波状和小波状,消除了大波状界面中不可避免的微观缺陷,界面的结合强度较高     

大规格铝合金-纯铝-钢爆炸复合板制备及性能研究

通过爆炸工艺制备出大规格船用铝合金-纯铝-钢(5083/1060/CCSB)爆炸焊接复合板,并对其结合质量、力学性能及界面形态进行了研究。结果表明,复合板的结合质量良好;铝/钢界面的剪切强度达到75 MPa以上,其它力学性能也均达到了CCS《材料与焊接规范》2012及《铝-铝-钢过渡接头标准》(Q/725—1100—2001)的要求;界面形态的分析表明,铝/钢界面呈近似于直线状结合,铝/铝界面呈波状结合。     

T2纯铜/2024铝合金爆炸焊接接头界面结构及性能

为研究铜铝异种金属爆炸焊接头界面形成机理,采用爆炸焊对T2纯铜和2024铝合金进行了焊接.通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、万能材料试验机和纳米压痕仪,对T2/2024复合板结合界面的显微组织、成分分布和力学性能进行了测试分析.结果表明:T2/2024合金爆炸复合板结合界面呈波状结合,结合界面主要由平直界面、波状界面和局部熔化层界面构成;靠近结合界面处,基体金属发生塑性变形,晶粒细化;反应层主要成分为AlCu和Al_2Cu的混合物.复合板拉剪试验表明,T2/2024合金爆炸复合板平均结合强度为67 MPa,纳米压痕测试反应层平均硬度可达8 GPa.     

爆炸-轧制钛/钢复合板界面结合性能研究

爆炸-轧制法是先通过爆炸复合制坯,再进行轧制生产复合板的一种方法。本文研究了爆炸-轧制法生产的钛/钢复合板的界面金相、结合界面的元素分布情况以及退火温度对界面结合强度的影响等问题,结果表明:爆炸轧制法生产的钛钢复合板的界面近似呈平直状,在界面钢侧有一脱碳层,引起界面附近碳元素的重新分布,对结合性能有重要影响;获得高强度结合的界面特征是:剥离界面钢层上的Ti元素含量在一定范围内,钛层大量粘铁;退火温度对界面的结合强度影响较大,而在相应保温下保温时间影响不明显。     

铝合金-钢爆炸焊接装药量与界面性能的关系(英文)

通过设计不同的爆炸焊接工艺参数爆炸复合了铝合金-钢爆炸复合板,并对复合板的界面性能进行了显微分析和力学性能测试,探讨了爆炸焊接装药量对复合板界面性能的影响。结果表明:在铝合金-钢复合板的的结合界面产生了一层金属间化合物并且在化合物中产生了许多微裂纹。随着装药量的增加,界面化合物的厚度略有增加,其上微裂纹的的数量也有所增加。复合界面的剪切强度随着装药量的增加而有所降低。界面化合物对复合板强度产生不利影响,铝合金-钢爆炸焊接时应尽量采用小药量。     

热加工工艺对钛-钢复合板界面力学性能和显微组织的影响

研究了热加工工艺对钛-钢复合板界面力学性能和显微组织的影响.测试了在A,B,C,D 4种温度下热轧复合板界面的力学性能,用金相显微镜及扫描电镜观察了界面显微组织并分析了界面的成分.结果表明,在A,B 2种温度下轧制的钛-钢复合板界面机械性能良好,延伸率高,其剪切强度不但可保持坯料原有的水平,甚至还略有增加.在C,D 2种温度下轧制的钛-钢复合板界面机械性能相对较低,延伸率较高,但剪切强度要比爆炸复合坯料低,尤其是D加热温度,轧制后界面剪切强度急剧下降.热轧的终轧温度也是影响钛-钢复合板界面结合性能的重要因素.在低于相转变温度的合适温区热轧,且终轧温度合适,获得的钛-钢复合板结合界面无爆炸波纹,没有污染,生产的脆性化合物极细小,组织类同于钛材完全退火的等轴组织.     

钛/钢双立式爆炸焊接参数优化

为解决大面积钛/钢爆炸焊接窗口窄,在结合区易出现"过熔"和"射流堆积"等微观缺陷的问题,开展了双立爆炸+轧制综合制造技术,进行了低爆速爆炸焊接用炸药试验优化,发明了一种最低临界爆速爆炸焊接用炸药,设计确定了刚性防护板和柔性防护墙构成的双立综合防护结构及参数,研究了钛/钢爆炸焊接装药厚度窗口.结果表明,双立钛/钢复合板结合界面成波状结合,几乎不存在金属熔化、漩涡等微观缺陷.     

爆炸焊接理论与技术新进展

爆炸焊接理论与技术取得了四个方面的进展:(1)发现并重新定义了三种结合界面:大波状、小波状和微波状,其中以微波状为最佳.首次发现在一个复合板中,界面波呈一定的规律分布.(2)针对爆炸焊接熔焊机理的局限性,首次提出并验证了"爆炸焊接是一种特殊压力焊"的新观点.(3)为了得到无熔化的良好界面,必须选取焊接下限,按照新的复板模型,得到了新的焊接下限,比传统下限小20%,并适宜于工程应用.(4)首次测试并研究了爆炸焊接荷载下地基的应力应变规律.通过地基参数的优化分析,得到了最适宜于爆炸焊接的沙土地基(含水量17.00%、密度1.74g/cm3).     

爆炸复合板与轧制复合板界面结构的研究

用透射电镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪等手段对爆炸和轧制复合板界面组织、相结构和成分变化进行了研究。结果发现爆炸复合是由周期性熔化和非熔化构成的波状复合面，它比轧制扩散复合形成的平面积多１／３左右。两种复合方式都有越过界面的元素扩散，爆炸态扩散范围在２５μｍ左右；轧制态Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ元素扩散范围在５０μｍ左右，碳元素越过纯Ｎｉ层向不锈钢侧的扩散范围为１００μｍ左右，在此区域发现沿晶界连续析出有Ｍ２３Ｃ６型碳化物。     

3Cr13Mo-42CrMo高耐磨耐蚀爆炸焊接复合轧辊试验研究

通过爆炸焊接炸药配方优化、锥形布药技术以及爆炸应力退火工艺的试验研究,研制一种在冷热交变、重负荷工况条件下,冶金设备所需的3Cr13Mo-42CrMo高耐磨耐蚀爆炸焊接复合轧辊。爆炸复合轧辊界面和表面性能检测表明：同其它方法相比,爆炸焊接复合轧辊由于外辊是轧制态,其耐磨性能高,而且辊芯和外辊结合强度高,大大提高了轧辊的使用寿命。复合轧辊不仅性能优良、使用寿命高,而且制造成本大大降低。     

Explosive scarf welding of aluminum to copper plates and their interface properties

Explosive welding was used to produce scarf joint between aluminum and copper plates. This process is known as explosive scarf welding (ESW). In a scarf joint, the final bond interface is oblique. In this study, chamfered end of aluminum and copper plates were joined explosively and named scarf joint, employing changes in chamfered angle at different stand‐off distance and explosive loading. The geometry of scarf joint enables consideration of both flyer and base plate thickness and explosive loading and the effects on mechanical properties of interface such as bond shear strength and micro‐hardness can be investigated. Mathematical models developed on the interface properties of scarf joint to make relationship between the bond shear strength and explosive loading ratio. To check the adequacy of developed models, mechanical properties of interface, such as bond shear strength was predicted and compared with actual values in explosive cladding process. The results show reasonable agreement with theoretical predictions. Consequently, mathematical model which is based on scarf joints, can predict bond shear strength of cladding metals under desired explosive loading and flyer plate thickness.     

Einsatz des Explosivschweißens zur Herstellung von Edelmetallplattierungen

Explosive Welding as a Technique for Cladding of Precious Metals The method of explosive welding and the importance of the cladding parameters are described. The “Explosive Weldability Window” is experimentally determined for the material combination AgCu 10/Fe. The behaviour of explosive claddings produced under different conditions during rolling is investigated. Best results are obtained with samples with a wavy interphase, produced under the following cladding parameters: It is shown, that in comparison with conventional methods explosive cladding has advantages both in processing and quality.     

Correlation Between Numerical Finite Element Simulation and Experiments for Explosive Cladding of Nickel Base Super Alloy on Hot Tool Steel

Abstract: Experimental tests were carried out to explosively clad solution‐annealed Inconel 718 super alloy on quench‐tempered AISI H13 hot tool steel. The tests were performed using various stand‐off distances and explosive–to‐flyer plate mass ratios. Various interface geometries were obtained from these experiments. All the experiments were simulated using ABAQUS version 6.9 finite element software. The Williamsburg equation of state and Johnson–Cook constitutive equation with its corresponding failure equation were used to model the behaviour of explosive and plates, respectively. The experimental results showed that the shape of interface fell roughly into three classes, wavy or wavy with some vortex shedding or smooth‐wavy. Various interface morphologies were achieved by changing the stand‐off distances and explosive–to‐flyer plate mass ratios because of change of impact velocity and dynamic collision angle. Numerical results showed that high localised plastic deformation was produced at the bond interface. Equivalent plastic strain and shear stress could be criteria for transition of interface morphology. Welding window of alloys was also developed.     

Examination of copper/stainless steel joints formed by explosive welding

In this study, bonding ability of copper and steel with explosion welding was investigated using different ratios of explosive and different stand-off distance. Experimental studies showed out that, copper and stainless steel could be bonded with a good quality of bonding properties with explosion welding. In the bonding interface, intermetallics were not formed. It was observed that, when explosive ratio and stand-off distance were increased smooth bonding interface was transformed to a wavy bonding interface. As the ratio of explosive and stand-off distance increase, the amplitude and wavelength of wave were increased. It was found that, hardness of bonding interface and outer face of plates were increased because of deformation that was originating from impact the effect. Total interface area increased as a result of wavy interface, which was caused by increased explosive ratio and stand-off distance. In addition, wavy interfaces did not separate after tensile-shearing test. Bending tests applied on bonded samples had different diameters indicated that interfaces of the bonded samples have not any defect. EDS analyses in SEM showed that diffusion did not take place between bonding plates, however, diffusion was observed after annealing of the bonded samples for different times.