基于函数约束的Bézier曲线在刺绣CAD系统中的应用

曲线造型是刺绣CAD系统的基础,本文归纳分析了该场景下的应用需求,提出采纳Bézier三次有理曲线作为造型曲线,并对曲线段之间在边界条件下产生的"突变问题"提出了一个基于线性函数的方法以约束曲线段之间的突变.该方法已应用到实际系统中,效果很好.     

一种改进的NURBS曲线插补算法

针对NURBS曲线曲率变化过快或出现曲率不连续点会导致插补进给速率变化过快,超出机床的加减速能力。提出一种利用NURBS曲线曲率特征的改进插补算法。该算法根据NURBS曲线曲率的变化情况将曲线分成曲率平缓段和曲率突变段,在前瞻过程中扫描出曲率突变段,获得该段的起始点、终止点及最低速率点等信息,采用梯形加减速方法对该段进行速度规划,以满足机床动态特性,实现在曲率平缓段以指令速度插补,在曲率突变段以规划速度平滑插补。仿真实验结果表明,在保证加工精度的前提下,该增强算法以较高效率实现了曲率突变段的平滑插补。     

圆弧曲线段和球面曲面片的多项式逼近

鉴于现有的CAD/CAM造型系统不能处理圆和球面的隐式方程以及用三角函数所表示的参数方程,因此为了使现有的CAD/CAM造型系统能够处理圆弧、圆以及球面曲面片、球面,人们只能采用参数多项式和参数有理多项式来逼近它们。为了能更好地对圆弧曲线段和球面曲面片进行逼近,提出了一种基于最小二乘范数的参数Bézier多项式逼近方法。该方法根据在最小二乘范数L2下所定义的距离函数取最小值,首先得到了一个圆弧曲线段和球面曲面片的参数Bézier多项式逼近式,并把该逼近多项式表示成两个行列式的商的形式。如果所取圆弧曲线段或球面曲面片为圆或球面时,则可得到圆或球面的参数Bézier多项式逼近式。另外,用该方法也可得到椭圆弧曲线段和椭球面曲面片的参数Bézier多项式逼近式。最后给出了一些数值实例,数值实验结果表明,该方法是有效的。     

基于NURBS曲线曲面造型理论的产品外形系统设计

为了设计一个适用于产品外形设计的系统,文中重点对曲线曲面造型模块进行了研究,在NURBS曲线曲面造型模块中融入了实体造型的功能,设计了便于扩充和维护的曲线曲面类层次结构,并讨论了曲面造型模块的应用流程,通过与数据导入导出功能的衔接实现了与其它造型软件之间的数据共享,提高了系统造型效率,缩短了产品设计周期。在内核的显示模块设计中,提出了一个包含两个显示链表的显示类结构,用以加快图形对象的显示速度。     

三次H-Bézier曲线的分割、拼接及其应用

为了拓展曲线曲面的表示方法,提出一种曲线造型工具--H-Bézier曲线.在讨论三次H-Bézier曲线性质的基础上,提出了三次H-Bézier曲线的任意分割算法,即对三次H-Bézier曲线上任意一点p(t*)(0≤t*≤α),求该点把曲线分成的2个子曲线段pt*(t)(0≤t≤t*)与pα-t*(t)(0≤t≤α-t*)的控制参数和控制顶点;给出了三次H-Bézier曲线与三次Bézier曲线的拼接条件,以及三次H-Bézier曲线在曲面造型中应用的例子.采用该算法所得结果简单、直观,有效地增强了三次H-Bézier方法控制及表达曲线形状的能力.     

基于边界采样技术的插值Loop细分方法

本文在分析了传统几何造型的弊端及开曲面造型中光滑边界曲线的插值要求后,针对细分曲面造型方法中较常用的Loop细分,提出了基于边界采样技术的插值细分曲面造型方法。该方法一方面利用了细分曲面造型的优点,如算法简单、可表达任意拓扑结构等;另一方面又满足了工程应用中插值边界曲线的要求。文中详细讨论该算法的步骤,并通过示例验证了该算法的有效性和实用性。     

基于扩展Bézier曲线拼接的曲线造型新方法

提出了一种基于扩展Bézier曲线拼接的曲线造型新方法。该方法首先构造了一种具有优良形状可调性和更好逼近性的带3个形状参数α, β, γ的三次扩展Bézier曲线(CE-Bézier曲线);并针对CE-Bézier曲线无法精确表示圆弧和椭圆弧等二次曲线的缺点,利用CE-Bézier曲线与C-Bézier曲线间的拼接技术,解决了CE-Bézier曲线造型中圆弧和椭圆弧的表示问题。最后讨论了该方法在曲线曲面设计中的应用。造型实例表明,该方法在计算机辅助几何设计中具有一定的应用价值。     

基于四元素插值的空间曲线边界约束变形方法

曲线形状的变形技术在计算机动画和产品造型设计中有着重要的应用。以单位球面四元素插值为基础建立非线性的局部变换，通过在中间帧重构方程引进边界控制条件，提出了具有边界约束的空间曲线和平面曲线形状的变形方法。该方法在曲线形状渐变序列中具有保周长的线性变化，适合一般曲线的渐变和骨架行走的特征。还给出了建立渐变序列的边界曲线算法，通过实例说明了造型和编辑边界曲线能得到良好的拼接效果。实验表明,该算法在空间曲线变形中具有良好的视觉效果和应用前景，算法具有简易性和统一性。     

三次H—Bezier曲线的分割、拼接及其应用

为了拓展曲线曲面的表示方法,提出一种曲线造型工具——H—Bezier曲线．在讨论三次H—Bezier曲线性质的基础上,提出了三次H—Bezier曲线的任意分割算法,即对三次H—Bezier曲线上任意一点p（t^＊）（0≤t^＊≤a）,求该点把曲线分成的2个子曲线段Pt^＊（t）（0≤t≤t^＊）与Pa-t^＊（t）（0≤t≤a—t^＊）的控制参数和控制顶点;给出了三次H—Bezier曲线与三次Bezier曲线的拼接条件,以及三次H—Bezier曲线在曲面造型中应用的例子．采用该算法所得结果简单、直观,有效地增强了三次H—Bezier方法控制及表达曲线形状的能力．     

参数曲线曲面降阶研究

参数曲线曲面降阶是当今计算机辅助几何设计研究的热点之一,已经被广泛地应用在CAD系统之间的几何数据的传输、几何造型中的求根和求交的计算、数据的几何压缩、曲线曲面的光顺处理、字符的构造以及参数曲线段的提取和信号的滤波等。以参数Bezer曲线降阶方法为主线索,其它如B样条、广义Ball、广义C-Bezer等参数曲线曲面降阶为辅进行了综述讨论。最后给出了参数曲线曲面降阶中有待进一步解决的问题。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。