整合素α5β1和FAK在上皮卵巢肿瘤组织中的表达及意义

目的研究整合素α5β1和黏着斑激酶（FAK）在卵巢上皮肿瘤组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法应用免疫组化方法检测49例卵巢上皮癌组织（观察组）和15例卵巢上皮良性肿瘤组织（对照组）中整合素α5β1和FAK的表达情况。结果观察组整合素α5β1和FAK的表达明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）;整合素α5β1阳性表达率与卵巢上皮癌组织的分化程度以及临床分期有关（P均〈0．05）,与患者年龄、肿瘤大小及组织学分型无关（P〉0．05）;FAK阳性表达率与卵巢上皮癌组织的临床分期有关（P〈0．05）,与患者年龄、分化程度、肿瘤大小及组织学分型无关（P〉0．05）;整合素α5β1、FAK在卵巢上皮癌组织中的表达呈正相关（r=0．490,P〈0．01）。结论整合素α5β1、FAK在卵巢上皮癌组织中的表达具有相关性,与卵巢上皮癌的发生、侵袭和转移密切相关。     

COX-2、VEGF在子宫内膜癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨环氧化酶-2（COX-2）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在子宫内膜癌发生发展中的作用。方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测41例子宫内膜癌和15例正常子宫内膜组织中COX-2、VEGF的表达。结果 子宫内膜癌组织中COX-2、VEGF的阳性表达率明显高于正常子宫内膜组织（P均〈0．05,）;低分化和肌层浸润〉1／2者的子宫内膜癌组织中COX-2表达明显高于中、高分化和肌层浸润≤1／2（P〈0．05）者;COX-2表达阳性的子宫内膜癌,其VEGF阳性率明显高于COX-2表达阴性者（P〈0．05）。结论 COX-2在子宫内膜癌组织中呈高表达,并可上调VEGF的表达,二者可能与子宫内膜癌的发生发展有关。     

大肠癌组织中PTEN和COX-2的表达及其相关性研究

目的通过对PTEN和环氧合酶-2（COX-2）在大肠癌中表达的研究，探讨PTEN和COX-2的相关性。方法应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测58例大肠癌组织及20例正常大肠组织中PTEN和COX-2的表达。结果大肠癌组织中PTEN蛋白表达显著低于正常大肠组织中表达（P〈0．01）。且与淋巴结转移及Dukes分期相关（P〈0．05），而与大肠癌组织分化程度不相关（P〉0．05）。COX-2在大肠癌中的表达显著高于正常大肠黏膜的表达（P〈0．01），与淋巴结转移及Dukes分期相关（P〈0．05），而与大肠癌组织分化程度不相关（P〉0．05）。PTEN在大肠癌中的表达与COX-2呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论PTEN失活或蛋白表达降低与大肠癌淋巴结转移及Dukes分期相关，且与COX-2呈负相关。抑癌基因PTEN和COX-2在大肠癌的发生发展过程中起着重要的作用。     

PTEN、survivin蛋白在食管癌中的表达及其相关性

应用免疫组织化学sP法检测60例食管癌组织及20例癌旁正常黏膜的survivin和PTEN的表达水平。结果：survivin在食管癌组织的阳性表达率为70．0％，癌旁正常黏膜为40．0％（P〈0．05）；低、高分化癌的阳性表达率差异显著（P〈0．05）；有、无淋巴结转移者的阳性表达率分别为88．9％、61．9％（P〈0、05）；其表达与肿瘤的浸润深度显著相关（P〈0．05），与患者的性别、年龄无关（P〉0．05）。PTEN在癌旁正常黏膜阳性表达率为90．0％。食管癌组织为36．7％（P〈0．05）。低、高分化癌的阳性表达率差异显著（P〈0．05）；有、无淋巴结转移者的阳性表达率分别为16．7％、45．2％（P〈0．05）；与患者的性别、年龄及浸润深度无关（P〉0．05）。survivin和PTEN在食管癌中的表达呈负相关。认为PTEN低表达及survivin的过表达与食管癌的发生及其生物学行为密切相关，可作为食管癌早期诊断及评估预后的客观指标。     

鼻咽癌组织中COX-2和VEGF-C的表达及意义

目的探讨鼻咽癌组织中环氧合酶（COX）-2及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）-C的表达变化及意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测58例鼻咽癌组织和10例正常鼻咽黏膜组织中COX-2及VEGF—C的表达，分析其与淋巴结转移的关系。结果鼻咽癌组织中COX-2、VEGF-C的阳性表达率分别为65．5％（38／58）、77．5％（45／58），显著高于正常鼻咽黏膜组织的10％（1／10）、10％（1／10），P均〈0．05；COX-2、VEGF—C的表达与鼻咽癌的淋巴结转移及分化程度相关，P均〈0．05；鼻咽癌中COX-2、VEGF—C的表达呈正相关，r=0．491，P〈0．01．结论鼻咽痛中COX-2、VEGF—C表试均增高，二者共同促进鼻咽癌的淋巴结转移。     

胰腺癌环氧合酶-2表达的意义

目的研究胰腺癌中COX-2表达的意义．方法应用免疫组化SP法检测82例胰腺癌、22例慢性胰腺炎、9例胰腺良性肿瘤、15例正常胰腺组织和2株人胰腺癌细胞中COX-2的表达,然后比较胰腺癌组织COX-2表达与胰腺癌患者临床病理特征的关系。结果2株人胰腺癌细胞COX-2表达均阳性。70．7％（58／82）胰腺癌组织可见COX-2表达,而正常胰腺组织只有6．7％（1／15）呈微弱表达。COX-2在4种组织中的表达程度有显著性差异（P〈0．001）。胰腺癌组织COX-2表达显著高于其他3种组织（P〈0．05）。胰腺癌组织COX-2表达水平的高低与胰腺癌的临床病理特征无关（P〉0．05）。结论COX-2蛋白的检测对胰腺癌的诊断及其与胰腺良性肿瘤、慢性胰腺炎的鉴别诊断有帮助。胰腺癌组织COX-2表达不能作为预测患者预后的指标。     

卵巢癌组织中P185、ER和PR的表达及意义

采用间接免疫荧光流式细胞半定量分析技术检测卵巢癌42例、卵巢良性肿瘤8例及正常卵巢组织10例中ERBB-2、雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）的表达以及三者的相关性。P185、ER、PR在卵巢恶性肿瘤组织中的表达量明显高于良性卵巢组织及正常卵巢组织（P〈0．05），而良性肿瘤组织与正常组织中表达量无明显差异（P〉0．05），并且其表达量与组织学类型和临床分期无关，三者具有相关性。认为卵巢癌不论其病理分级及组织类型，P185、ER、PR均呈高表达，可作为卵巢癌诊断、病情评估、预后判断的指标。     

宫颈鳞癌组织中HSP70和Bcl-2的表达及意义

目的探讨热休克蛋白（HSP）70和Bcl-2在宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组化法检测HSP70、Bcl-2在60例宫颈鳞癌、18例宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）、7例正常宫颈组织中的表达。结果宫颈鳞癌组织中HSP70、Bcl-2阳性表达率显著高于CIN和正常宫颈组织（P均〈0．05）；宫颈鳞癌组织中HSP70的阳性表达与病理分级、临床分期、淋巴转移密切相关（P均〈0．05）；HSP70与Bcl-2在宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达密切相关（P〈0．05）。结论HSP70、Bcl-2均在宫颈鳞癌发生和发展中起重要作用，两者具有协同作用；HSP70可作为判断宫颈癌预后的重要指标。     

COX-2和VEGF在宫颈癌组织中的表达及临床意义

采用免疫组化法检测45例宫颈癌组织和15例正常宫颈组织标本环氧合酶-2（COX-2）和血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）的表达及其临床意义。结果COX-2和VEGF在宫颈癌组织中阳性表达率（37．8％，60．0％）均明显高于正常宫颈组织（均为0）．P〈0．05；COX-2高表达与患者组织分化、组织学类型及淋巴结转移有关，VEGF表达与患者临床分期及淋巴结转移有关，宫颈癌组织中COX-2和VEGF表达存在显著正相关性（r=0．53，P〈0．05）。提示COX-2及VEGF表达可能与宫颈癌的发生、发展密切相关，抑制或阻断COX-2及VEGF表达对宫颈癌具有防治作用。     

胃癌组织中核因子-kB和环氧合酶-2的表达及其临床意义

背景：有关核因子（NF）一KB和环氧合酶（COX）一2在肿瘤组织中表达的研究虽然较多．但其临床意义和相互关系尚无定论。目的：研究NF-kB和COX-2在胃癌组织中的表达及其关系。方法：采用免疫组化SP法检测142例胃癌组织中NF-kB和COX-2蛋白的表达，以相应的癌旁正常组织（30例）作对照。结果：NF-kB在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为62．0％，显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；NF-kB的表达与组织学类型、淋巴结转移和远处转移的临床指标呈显著相关（P〈0．05）。COX-2在胃癌组织中的阳性率为64．1％，在对照组中无表达，两者比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01），且在淋巴结转移组阳性率显著高于无转移组（P〈0．01）。胃癌组织中NF-kB和COX-2的表达呈显著正相关（r=0．380，P〈0．01）。结论：NF-kB和COX-2在胃癌的发生、发展中起重要作用，NF-kB可能促进了COX-2的表达。     

Cyclooxygenase-2 promotes angiogenesis by increasing vascular endothelial growth factor and predicts prognosis in gallbladder carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the relationships between the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the degree of vascularization, clinicopathologic feature, survival time of patients with gallbladder carcinomas. METHODS: Sixty-four gallbladder carcinoma specimens were evaluated for COX-2, VEGF expression by immunohi stochemical methods. Microvessel counts (MVC) were determined using CD34. The relationships between COX-2, VEGF expression, CD34-stained MVC, clinicopathologic features and survival time were analyzed. The correlations between COX-2 and VEGF expression, CD34-stained MVC were also investigated. RESULTS: COX-2, VEGF immunoreactivity were observed in 71.9% (46/64) and 54.7% (35/64) specimens, respectively. The average MVC in 64 cases of gallbladder carcinoma was 57±14 per high power vision field. The status of MVC was closely correlated with Nevin staging, tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01, 0.002, and 0.003, 0.000, respectively). Increased VEGF expression was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation (poorly and moderately>well differentiated, P<0.05, P = 0.016). Clinical stages had no relation with the expression of VEGF (P>0.05, P = 0.612). There was a positive correlation between COX-2 expression and clinical stages. The positive rate of COX-2 was higher in cases of Nevin stages S4-S5 (81.8%) than in those of Nevin stages S1-S3 (50.0%) with a statistical significance (P0.01, P = 0.009). The expression of COX-2 did not vary with differentiation (P>0.05, P= 0.067). Statistically significant differences were also observed according to lymph node metastasis, COX-2 expression and VEGF expression (P<0.01,0.000, and 0.001, respectively). There was no relation between VEGF, COX-2 expression, MVC and the age and sex of patients. MVC and VEGF positive rate in the COX-2 positive gallbladder carcinoma tissue was higher than that in the COX-2 negative tissue (P<0.05, 0.000, and 0.032, respectively). Patients with VEGF, COX-2 positive tumors had a significantly shorter survival time than those with negative tumors (P<0.05,0.004, 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: Augmented tumor neovascularization induced by VEGF may be one of the several effects of COX-2 responsible for poor prognosis of human gallbladder carcinoma. COX-2 inhibitor, either in combination therapy with other agents, or for chemoprevention, may be effective via suppression of angiogenesis in this fatal disease.     

老年大肠癌中PCNA和C-erbB-2的表达及意义

目的：检测ＰＣＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２在老年大肠癌中的表达及其意义。对３３例老年大肠癌的石蜡切片标本进行免疫组化染色。结果ＰＣＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２在３３例大肠癌中的阳性率分别为６６．７％和６０．６％;ＰＣＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２的表达与癌组织的分化程度及临床分期有明显相关性（Ｐ〈０．０１）,淋巴结转移组中二者的表达明显高于无转移组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论ＰＣＮＡ和Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２过高表达者预后不良,Ｐ     

Slug和E-cadherin在结直肠癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨Slug和E-cadherin在结直肠癌组织中的表达及预后意义。方法应用免疫组化SP法检测65例结直肠癌组织,25例癌旁正常结直肠组织中Slug和E-cadherin的表达,分析两者表达水平与临床病理特征及患者预后的关系。结果 Slug在结直肠癌组织中异常表达率为47.1%,而在正常结直肠组织中表达率为12%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);E-cadherin在结直肠癌组织中异常表达率为55.4%,而在正常结直肠组织中表达率为8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两者阳性表达率与肿瘤浸润深度、分化程度、淋巴结转移、Dukes分期相关性均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Slug、E-cadherin、淋巴结转移、Dukes分期可成为影响结直肠癌预后的独立因素(P<0.05)。结论 Slug和E-cadherin的表达异常可能与结直肠癌的发生发展、转移相关并可作为评价结直肠癌生物学行为和预后的重要指标。     

FoxM1和COX-2在肺腺癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达及临床意义分析

目的分析叉头蛋白转录因子M1(FoxM1)和环氧合酶2(COX-2)在肺腺癌组织、癌旁组织中的表达及与病理特征、预后的关系。方法研究标本来源于我院病理科2015年1月~5月的存档蜡块,包括60份肺腺癌组织和35份癌旁正常肺组织,以标准化亲和素-生物素-过氧化物酶免疫组织化学法检测FoxM1和COX-2表达情况,Spearman等级相关性分析二者的相关性,借助χ^2检验分析其与病理特征的关系,以Kaplan—Meier法分析生存情况,并以COX回归模型分析预后的影响因素。结果FoxM1、COX-2在肺腺癌组织中阳性表达率分别为58.33%、68.33%,明显高于癌旁组织的17.14%、28.57%(χ^2=15.288,14.056,P<0.05)。肺腺癌组织中FoxM1与COX-2表达无明显相关性(P>0.05)。性别、年龄、癌变位置、肿瘤直径及是否吸烟与FoxM1、COX-2表达均无明显相关性(P>0.05),TNM分期、淋巴结转移与FoxM1、COX-2表达有关(P<0.05)。随访至少48个月,FoxM1阳性、阴性表达者生存率分别为48.57%、80.00%,COX-2阳性、阴性表达者生存率分别为43.24%、84.21%,均有统计学差异(log-rankχ^2=6.094,5.978,P<0.05)。TNM分期(HR=4.118)、淋巴结转移(HR=1.956)、FoxM1(HR=2.063)和COX-2(HR=1.467)阳性是肺腺癌预后的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论肺腺癌组织中FoxM1、COX-2表达增高,且与肿瘤进展、淋巴结转移及预后有关,但二者可能不存在协同作用。     

接触蛋白-1在原发性肺鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨神经细胞粘附分子-接触蛋白-1(contactin-1, CNTN-1)在原发性肺鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达,并探讨其表达与患者临床病理参数之间的关系。 方法收集63例原发性肺鳞状细胞癌手术石蜡切片标本和20例正常肺上皮组织标本,采用免疫组织化学染色技术检测CNTN-1表达,并分析其与患者临床病理参数之间的关系。 结果63例原发性肺鳞癌组织标本中,阳性表达35例,阴性表达26例,2例因石蜡切片上的标本脱落而无癌组织,CNTN-1在人正常肺泡上皮组织中不表达,在原发性肺鳞状细胞癌组织中广泛表达,阳性率为55.56%(35/63);χ²检验或Fisher精确概率法检验结果显示,CNTN-1阳性表达与患者吸烟和术前淋巴结侵袭显著相关(P<0.05),而CNTN-1差异表达与患者各临床病理参数之间无相关性。 结论CNTN-1是一个潜在的原发性肺鳞状细胞癌患者预后的生物学标志物。     

Correlation between cyclooxygenase-2, proliferative activity,and mucin phenotype in human advanced gastric cancer

Background Recent studies have suggested that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce the risk of gastrointestinal cancer, and that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) may be a target enzyme for the prevention or regression of cancer by the use of NSAIDs. Mucin histochemistry has made possible a clear distinction between the differentiated characteristics of gastrointestinal epithelial cells, and the possibility that phenotypic shifts from gastric- to intestinal-type in gastric carcinoma progression has been suggested. To evaluate the role of COX-2 in gastric cancer progression, we immunohistochemically investigated COX-2 expression, and examined its relationship to proliferative activity, mucin phenotype, and clinicopathological parameters in human advanced gastric carcinomas.Methods Forty-five surgical specimens of advanced gastric carcinomas (invaded the muscularis propria or subserosa) were examined. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with monoclonal antibodies against COX-2, Ki-67, CD10 (brush border), MUC-2 (goblet-cell mucin), MUC-5AC (gastric foveolar mucin), and MUC-6 (pyloric mucin). COX-2 expression was scored by the percentage of COX-2-positive neoplastic cells, and proliferative activity was assessed by the Ki-67 labeling index at the deepest area of invasion. The mucin phenotype of the carcinomas was classified into three categories; gastric, intestinal, and unclassified.Results COX-2 staining was restricted to the cytoplasm, not only in cancer cells but also in intestinal metaplasia and some inflammatory cells and COX-2 expression in cancer cells varied greatly, but the staining in some samples was preferentially found at the invasive front. COX-2 positivity was found to correlate with Ki-67 labeling. The mean COX-2 scores were 2.29%, 2.71%, and 2.75%; and the Ki-67 labeling indices were 23.6%, 40.6%, and 56.5%, in gastric-, intestinal-, and unclassified- type carcinomas, respectively.Conclusions A close relationship between COX-2 expression and proliferative activity was confirmed in the deepest areas of advanced gastric carcinoma, and the proliferative activity increased from gastric- to intestinal- and to unclassified- type gastric carcinoma, suggesting a role for COX-2 expression and differences in biological behavior according to mucin phenotype expression during gastric cancer progression.     

TGF-β1、MMP-2在宫颈腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）在宫颈腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义.方法 收集39例宫颈腺癌患者的癌组织标本和20例行子宫肌瘤切除术患者的宫颈腺上皮组织标本,采用免疫组化SP法检测各组织中的rGF-β1、MMP-2表达,分析二者表达与宫颈腺癌患者临床病理参数的关系.结果 与正常宫颈上皮组织比较,TGF-β1、MMP-2在宫颈腺癌组织中的阳性表达率明显升高（P均＜0.05）.TGF-β1、MMP-2表达与宫颈腺癌患者的年龄、肿瘤大小、分化程度及淋巴结转移无关,与临床分期有关（P＜0.05）,且二者表达具有正相关性（P＜0.05）.结论 TGF-β1、MMP-2可能与宫颈腺癌的发生、发展有关,可作为判断患者预后的指标之一.     

胰腺癌组织中COX-2的表达与其生物学行为关系的研究

目的通过检测环氧合酶2(COX2)在不同胰腺组织中的表达,探讨COX2在胰腺癌发生发展过程中的作用及与其生物学行为和预后的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学方法检测47例胰腺癌,12例胰腺导管上皮内肿瘤(PIN)和10例正常胰腺组织中COX2的表达。结果在10例正常胰腺组织中COX2阳性表达2例;COX2在PIN和胰腺癌中均呈高表达,分别为75%和68%,明显高于正常胰腺组织(P<0.05)。COX2在高分化、中分化和低分化胰腺癌组织中阳性表达率依次增高,分别为40%、69%和81%,但仅高分化与低分化组间差异有显著性(P<0.05);有淋巴结转移组COX2的阳性率为84%,明显高于无淋巴结转移组的50%(P<0.05)。COX2的表达与胰腺癌的部位、大小、是否浸润周围组织和是否发生远处转移无关(P>0.05),但与病人术后的生存期有关。生存超过1年组COX阳性表达率为38%,明显低于生存期不足1年组的79%,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论COX2在PIN和胰腺癌组织中高表达与胰腺癌的发生密切相关,对预测胰腺癌的分化程度、是否易发生淋巴结转移及病人的预后均有一定的作用,在临床上是具有较好指导意义的分子生物学指标。     

Relationship between expression and distribution of cyclooxygenase-2 and bcl-2 in human gastric adenocarcinoma

AIM: To explore expression and distribution features of COX-2 and bcl-2 in human gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and to study its biological significance. METHODS: Totally 36 human gastric carcinoma samples were enrolled in this study (cardiac adenocarcinoma 16 cases, distal gastric adenocarcinoma 20 cases). The expressions of COX-2 and bcl-2 in cancerous tissues and corresponding para-cancerous tissues were investigated by immunohistochemistry using COX-2 polyclonal antibody and bcl-2 monoclonal antibody. The normal gastric mucosa tissues were used as control. RESULTS: The expressions of COX-2 and bcl-2 in gastric carcinoma were significantly higher than that in the para-cancerous tissues (77.8% vs 47.2%, P<0.01, 80.56% vs 58.33%, P<0.05). The expression of COX-2 in cardiac adenocarcinoma was remarkably higher than that in the distal gastric carcinoma (93.8% vs 65.0%, P<0.01). The expression of COX-2 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and partly in the nucleus. There is a transition of the COX-2 cytoplasmic positivity to nucleic in tumor cells with the increase of gastric carcinoma pathological grade. Interstitial macrophages, fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells also expressed COX-2. The tissues with higher expression of COX-2 also expressed high level of bcl-2 protein. CONCLUSION: Abnormal expression pattern of COX-2 within the tissues of human gastric cancer is correlated with tumor location and lymph node metastasis. COX-2 may regulate expression of apoptosis suppressor gene (bcl-2) through interaction of tumor cells and stromal cells and play an important role in the generation and development of tumors, which will be of great help in developing new methods for antitumor therapy.