多壁碳纳米管的对氨基苯磺酸钠修饰及对Cu2+的吸附性能

通过在多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)表面氧化出羧基,将羧基转化为酰氯,然后将对氨基苯磺酸钠与MWCNTs表面的酰氯发生酰胺化反应,制备了对氨基苯磺酸钠接枝的水溶性多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT-C6H5SO3Na)。红外光谱研究表明,对氨基苯磺酸钠以共价键方式接枝到MWCNTs表面;热重分析表明对氨基苯磺酸钠在MWCNTs表面的质量分数达到29.9%。MWCNT-C6H5SO3Na具有良好的水溶性及分散性。吸附性能测试结果表明,MWCNT-C6H5SO3Na对Cu2+的吸附性能较MWCNTs原粉有了显著的提高,吸附等温线符合Freundlich等温吸附方程。     

多壁碳纳米管/聚丙烯复合材料的结晶行为

采用表面接枝十六烷烃的方法对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行改性, 通过溶液共混法制备多壁碳纳米管/聚丙烯(MWCNTs/PP)复合材料, 并研究了MWCNTs/PP的结晶行为。结果表明, 3%(质量分数)表面接枝十六烷烃的MWCNTs在PP基体中分散良好, 达到纳米级的分散。加入接枝MWCNTs后, PP的结晶结构未发生改变, 依然是α晶型。接枝MWCNTs对PP有异相成核的作用, 加入接枝MWCNTs使PP的成核及晶体生长方式发生变化。加入3%(质量分数)接枝MWCNTs 以后, PP的结晶温度升高了8℃, 结晶速率提高了1倍, 结晶度提高了3%, 球晶尺寸减小。     

碳纳米管对PP/SPTW复合材料力学性能的影响

目的研究不同含量的多壁碳纳米管(CNT)对聚丙烯/六钛酸钾晶须复合材料力学性能的影响。方法将经表面改性处理的多壁碳纳米管与改性过的六钛酸钾晶须、聚丙烯(PP)、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH),采用熔融共混法,利用双辊开炼机熔融共混制得PP/PP-g-MAH/SPTW/碳纳米管复合材料。比较不同含量的改性多壁碳纳米管对PP/PP-g-MAH/SPTW复合材料力学性能的影响。结果多壁碳纳米管表面经过混酸处理后,在复合材料中分散均匀,与聚合物基体界面间结合良好,对复合材料起到增韧增强作用,但是当碳纳米管质量分数较大时,开始出现团聚现象,反而使复合材料的力学性能降低。结论当碳纳米的质量分数为0.5%左右时,复合材料力学性能最佳。     

PP/碳纳米管复合材料的结构与性能

采用原子转移自由基(ATRP)活性聚合方法在多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面接枝丙烯酸丁酯聚合物(PBA),并以此对聚丙烯(PP)进行改性。红外光谱(FT-IR)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试结果表明,采用ATRP法成功地将PBA接枝到多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面。采用熔融共混法制备了PP/MWNT复合材料,对其力学性能和耐热性能进行了研究,结果表明,接枝聚合物的碳纳米管提高了复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度,提高了PP的耐热性。MWNT-PBA和MWNT-COOH加入PP都能提高材料的性能,而MWNT-PBA比MWNT-COOH的作用更加明显。     

PP/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及电性能

采用原子转移自由基(ATRP)活性聚合方法在多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面接枝丙烯酸丁酯聚合物(PBA),并以此对聚丙烯(PP)进行改性。红外光谱(FT-IR)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试结果表明,采用ATRP法成功地将PBA接枝到多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)表面。对PP/MWNT复合材料电性能研究表明,MWNT-PBA的添加比MWNT-COOH更能降低复合材料的电阻率。MWNT-PBA的加入可使PP从绝缘材料转变为抗静电材料。MWNT-PBA和MWNT-COOH加入PP都能提高材料的电性能,而MWNT-PBA比MWNT-COOH的作用更加明显。     

碳纳米管/碳纤维环氧树脂复合材料的制备及力学性能

对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行改性处理,得到表面接枝1,3,5-苯三甲酸的碳纳米管(B-MWCNTs)。分别将MWCNTs和B-MWCNTs分散在环氧树脂基体及上浆剂中,通过缠绕成型法制备含有MWCNTs的碳纤维增强环氧树脂预浸料,并采用热压成型工艺制备MWCNTs/碳纤维环氧树脂复合材料层合板。结果表明,B-MWCNTs在环氧树脂基体和上浆剂中的分散状态明显优于MWCNTs。添加B-MWCNTs后复合材料的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和失重5%时对应的温度均有所提高。而且,添加B-MWCNTs可以明显提高碳纤维环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能。当MWCNTs含量为0.5%(质量分数)时,B-MWCNTs/碳纤维环氧树脂复合材料层合板的压缩强度、层间剪切强度和冲击后压缩强度(CAI)分别提高了14.3%,37.1%和23.4%。     

ATRP方法可控合成碳纳米管/PMMA纳米复合材料

通过多壁碳纳米管的表面改性合成了ATRP引发剂,利用合成的ATRP引发剂进行ATRP活性聚合,成功地在碳纳米管表面接枝聚合物PMMA。利用红外(IR)、透射电镜(TEM)、热重(TGA)以及核磁共振(NMR)表征接枝的碳纳米管,考察了碳纳米管用量对碳纳米管/PMMA纳米复合材料力学性能的影响,结果表明,碳纳米管表面成功接枝聚合物PMMA,PMMA的力学性能得到很大改善。     

1.6-己二胺化学修饰多壁碳纳米管

为获得两端具有活性端胺基的碳纳米管,通过化学方法对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)接枝改性,利用氯化亚砜将MWCNTs酸处理产生的羧基转化为酰氯,进一步与1.6-己二胺发生亲核取代反应,将1.6-己二胺接枝到碳纳米管端部.采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电镜(TEM)及扫描电镜(SEM)对化学修饰过程中各反应产物进行表征.结果表明:酸的切割作用,使碳纳米管从端帽下及管壁缺陷处打开,碳管长度由十几微米变为500nm左右;1.6-己二胺成功地接枝到碳纳米管端部,能谱分析(EDS)结果表明N元素接枝率达3.29%,接枝后的碳纳米管可以均匀分散在丙酮溶液中,并含有活性端胺基.     

聚乙烯/马来酸酐接枝聚合物修饰多壁碳纳米管

多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)与混酸(浓硫酸∶浓硝酸体积比为3∶1)和无水乙二胺进行酸化、胺化反应使MWCNTs表面产生羧基和氨基基团,进而与聚乙烯/马来酸酐接枝聚合物(PE-g-MA)发生开环反应制备PE-g-MWCNTs,以提高MWCNTs在聚乙烯基体中的分散性。采用红外光谱、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)和拉曼光谱对MWCNTs的化学修饰进行定性表征。结果表明:当MWCNTs的体积分数为0.67%时,MWCNT/PE复合材料的体积电阻率发生渗流突变。MWCNTs的体积分数在0.1%～1.2%时,MWCNT/PE复合材料体积电阻率由1016Ω.m下降至105Ω.m。     

超支化聚酰胺改性多壁碳纳米管的制备与表征

采用硫酸和硝酸的混合液氧化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs),再用二氯亚砜将氧化产生的羧基酰氯化,进一步与带有活性端基的超支化聚酰胺(HBPA)反应,得到超支化聚酰胺修饰的碳纳米管。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)及热重分析(TGA)对化学修饰的碳纳米管进行了表征。结果表明HBPA接枝到碳纳米管上,在碳纳米管表面形成聚合物层。由TGA曲线计算出改性碳纳米管的接枝率约为27%;SEM结果表明接枝后的碳纳米管在无水乙醇中的分散性更好。     

Assembly of fullerenol particles on carbon nanotubes through poly (acryloyl chloride)

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/fullerenol composites were prepared through a facile method. Poly (acryloyl chloride) (PACl) was first grafted onto oxidized MWCNTs through the reaction between the acyl chloride groups of PACl with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of MWCNTs. The PACl with multiple acyl chloride groups provided more active points for further reactions. Subsequently, the remaining acyl chloride groups of PACl were allowed to react with the hydroxyl groups of fullerenols leading to the covalent attachment of the latter onto the grafted PACl chain. The MWCNTs/fullerenol composites thus obtained were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA).     

磷酸胆碱表面改性涤纶材料及抗凝血性研究

采用氧等离子体预处理涤纶材料（聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,PET）表面,并通过紫外辐照在其表面接枝聚合丙烯酸,以接枝聚丙烯酸链中的羧基为反应位点,通过原子转移自由基聚合在PET表面进一步固定磷酸胆碱聚合物。经漫反射红外光谱及X射线光电子能谱分析测试表明,涤纶薄膜表面成功地固定了磷酸胆碱聚合物。经磷酸胆碱聚合物改性的涤纶表面亲水性得到改善,体外抗凝血性评价表明,固定磷酸胆碱的PET表面能够有效地抑制纤维蛋白原分子的变性,降低血小板粘附和激活。     

Fabrication of gold nanoparticle/multi walled carbon nanotube hybrids by in situ reaction in water using poly(acryloyl beta-alanine)

Fabrication of a hybrid consists of gold nanoparticles and multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with the help of poly (amino acid) was investigated. Poly(acryloyl beta-alanine) was synthesized by precipitation polymerization in tetrahydrofuran. The polymers were used to form hybrids with MWCNTs in aqueous media. Subsequently, the polymer functionalized MWCNTs were fabricated by in situ formed gold nanoparticles. The fabrication by gold nanoparticles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopic analyses. The fabrication was attempted with different concentrations of lithium auric chloride solutions in the range of 0.1-1.2 mM in water. The lower concentration of the gold precursor solution resulted in the formation and attachment of gold nanoparticles without aggregation while the higher concentration above 1.0 mM led to the aggregation of gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles were observed only on the surface of MWCNTs and none was in the bulk aqueous phase.     

聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯齐聚物的合成及其红外激光固化性能研究

使用3种方法合成了具有不同分子量的聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯（PEGDA）齐聚物,包括：聚乙二醇（PEG）与丙烯酸反应,聚乙二醇与丙烯酰氯反应,聚乙二醇钠与丙烯酰氯反应,并在此基础上对3种合成方法进行比较。研究了聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯齐聚物的红外激光固化反应,利用红外分析测定双键转化率,发现随着齐聚物分子量增大,激光固化后的双键转化率有所上升。     

Rheological and mechanical properties of surface modified multi-walled carbon nanotube-filled PET composite

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites were prepared by in situ polymerization. To improve the dispersion of MWCNTs in PET matrix, the surface modified MWCNTs having acid groups (acid-MWCNT) and diamine groups (diamine-MWCNT) were used. The functional groups on the surface of modified MWCNTs were confirmed by infrared (IR) spectrometry. SEM analysis showed better dispersion of diamine-MWCNTs as compared to pristine-MWCNTs and acid-MWCNTs in the PET. The reaction between PET and diamine-MWCNTs was evidenced by the shifting of the G band to a higher frequency in Raman spectroscopy and an increase of the complex viscosity in rheological properties. The composites containing functionalized MWCNTs showed a large increase in the tensile strength and modulus. The PET/diamine-MWCNT composites showed maximum tensile strength and modulus increases by 350% and 290% at 0.5 and 2.0 wt%, respectively, as compared to pure PET.     

SDBS修饰碳纳米管及其增强聚乳酸复合材料的制备与表征

采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对碳纳米管进行表面修饰,并以其为增强体,利用溶剂蒸发法制备了碳纳米管/聚乳酸复合材料.采用红外吸收光谱、偏光显微镜、扫描电镜及拉伸实验研究了SDBS修饰的碳纳米管表面形貌和结构以及碳纳米管/聚乳酸复合材料的链结构、聚集态结构和力学性能.SDBS修饰可使碳纳米管均匀分散于有机溶剂中,并改善...     

Nanoporous silica membranes fabricated using multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Nanoporous silica membranes were fabricated using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) and acyl chloride-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The amine groups of silane reacted with the functional groups (e.g., acid chloride) that were attached to the sidewall of the MWCNTs. The APS that was grafted to the sidewall of the MWCNTs was polymerized in order to coat the MWCNTs wall through heating. The thickness of the silica layer on the surface of the MWCNTs was controlled by adjusting the growth time of the SiO2 layer. Approximately 20 nm-sized pores were formed through the removal of the MWCNTs using a simple thermal process, but some traces of the MWCNTs still remained. The porous properties of the nanoporous silica membrane were analyzed from the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms that were obtained using a surface area and porosimetry analyzer. The structure and composition of the silane-modified MWCNTs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy.     

聚酯纤维的附生结晶法改善纤维的表面浸润性

将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)纤维置入过冷态的聚乙二醇(PEG)和聚己二酸丁二酯(PBA)熔体,制备了PET纤维/PEG基体和PET纤维/PBA基体复合体系。使用偏光显微镜和原子力显微镜研究了这两种异质复合体系的界面结晶形态,利用接触角测量仪测量了附生结晶法改性前后PET纤维织物的接触角。结果表明,纤维置入温度和结晶等条件决定附生体系的横穿晶体形态结构,选取合适的树脂并采用附生结晶的方法可明显改善PET纤维织物的表面浸润性,并有望改善PET纤维增强复合材料内部的界面结构。     

超支化聚(胺-酯)接枝改性纳米TiO_2的研究

提出了一种对纳米TiO2表面进行化学改性的新方法,即利用硅烷偶联剂KH550进行表面预处理,得到接枝有KH550的纳米TiO2,在此基础上以改性纳米TiO2为中心核,通过与AB2型单体进行缩聚反应,在纳米TiO2的表面原位接枝超支化聚(胺-酯)(HBP)。红外光谱、热失重和透射电镜的测试结果表明纳米TiO2表面接枝上了超支化聚合物,接枝率约为15%。研究结果表明,纳米TiO2经超支化聚(胺-酯)接枝改性后,在乙醇和氯仿中的分散性和稳定性得到提高。