血清降钙素原诊断危重感染临床分析

目的:探讨降钙素原(PCT)在危重感染患者临床病情评估、预后预测中的价值。方法:选取139例脓毒症患者,根据患者入住ICU 24 h内的病情状况将患者分为脓毒症组47例、严重脓毒症组54例和脓毒症休克组38例,分别比较3组患者的血清PCT水平、急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHEⅡ)、全身性感染相关器官衰竭评分(SOFA)等指标,并根据患者预后分为存活组和死亡组,进行亚组分析。结果:入住ICU 24 h内,不同病情分组患者的血清PCT、WBC、CRP水平、APACHEⅡ及SOFA评分比较(脓毒症组严重脓毒症组脓毒症休克组),差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05);脓毒症患者的血清PCT水平与患者WBC、CRP、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分均呈显著正相关(均P0.05);存活脓毒症患者的血清PCT、WBC、CRP水平、APACHEⅡ及SOFA评分均显著低于死亡组患者(均P0.05);PCT判断患者预后的最佳临界值为19.84 ng/m L,此时的ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.857,灵敏度为89.27%,特异度为86.34%。结论:血清PCT水平在危重感染患者临床病情评估、预后预测中具有较高的临床价值。     

血清PCT、CRP及内毒素对G~-菌血流感染所致脓毒症病情的指导意义

目的:探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、内毒素对革兰氏阴性(G~-)菌血流感染所致脓毒症病情和预后的关系,为临床治疗提供指导。方法:纳入126例G~-菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者进行血清PCT、CRP、内毒素水平检测,分析不同感染程度(脓毒症、严重脓毒症、脓毒症休克)、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、序贯器官衰竭(SOFA)评分、预后(存活、死亡)患者血清PCT、CRP、内毒素水平差异。Pearson相关性分析血清PCT、CRP、内毒素与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分之间的关联程度和方向。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析PCT、CRP、内毒素鉴别G~-菌血流感染所致严重脓毒症/脓毒症休克的效能以及对患者预后的预测价值。结果:血清PCT、CRP、内毒素水平在不同感染程度、APACHEⅡ和SOFA评分患者中差异有统计学意义(P0.05),死亡组患者血清PCT、CRP、内毒素水平高于存活组(P0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,PCT与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分呈高度正相关(r=0.661、0.682,P均0.001),CRP、内毒素分别与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分呈中低度正相关(r=0.375、0.413、0.312、0.391,P均0.05)。ROC分析结果示PCT鉴别严重脓毒症/脓毒症休克,预测患者预后的曲线下面积分别达0.784(95%CI:0.639～0.928,P=0.002)、0.935(95%CI:0.880～0.991,P=0.000),高于CRP和内毒素。结论:血清PCT、CRP、内毒素水平与G~-菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者病情危重程度、预后均存在密切关系,PCT能更好的判断G~-菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者病情严重程度和不良预后。     

脓毒症患者血清硫氧还蛋白水平检测的临床意义

目的：探讨脓毒症患者血清硫氧还蛋白（Trx)水平及其临床意义。方法：选择脓毒症患者80例,根据病情严重程度分为脓毒症组48例,脓毒性休克组32例。另选择同期健康体检者40例作为对照组。比较3组白细胞计数(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、Trx水平;比较脓毒症组与脓毒性休克组急性生理与慢性健康状况评估（APACHEⅡ）评分、序贯器官衰竭评估（SOFA）评分以及住院病死率;比较死亡组与存活组血WBC、CRP、PCT、Trx水平;分析Trx与脓毒症患者血WBC、CRP、PCT水平、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分以及住院病死率的相关性。结果：脓毒症组与脓毒性休克组血WBC、CRP、PCT水平显著高于对照组,Trx水平显著低于对照组（均P＜0.05）;脓毒性休克组血WBC、CRP、PCT水平、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分以及病死率显著高于脓毒症组,Trx水平显著低于脓毒症组（均P＜0.05）。与死亡组比较,存活组血WBC、CRP、PCT水平显著更低,Trx水平显著更高（均P＜0.05）。Trx与WBC、CRP、PCT、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、病死率呈显著负相关（均P＜0.05）。结论:脓毒症患者血清Trx水平显著下降,且脓毒性休克患者下降更显著,Trx水平与患者病情严重程度呈显著负相关。     

CRP、PCT与APACHEⅡ评分判断ICU老年重症感染患者预后的价值

目的探讨C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)及急性生理和慢性健康状况评分(APACHE)Ⅱ对重症监护病房(ICU)老年重症感染患者预后的判断价值。方法回顾性分析老年脓毒症患者175例临床资料,按照患者病情严重程度将其分为脓毒症组70例、严重脓毒症组59例、脓毒症休克组46例,根据患者临床预后分为存活组133例、死亡组42例,比较分析各组CRP、PCT及APACHEⅡ评分,并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各指标对患者临床预后判断价值。结果不同病情严重程度患者CRP、PCT及APACHEⅡ评分差异有统计学意义(P0.05),随着患者病情严重程度增加,CRP、PCT及APACHEⅡ评分明显升高(P0.05)。死亡组CRP、PCT及APACHEⅡ评分均显著高于存活组(P0.05)。PCT、CRP及APACHEⅡ评分两两互呈显著正相关(P0.05)。采用ROC曲线分析CRP、PCT、APACHEⅡ评分及三者联合对患者预后的预测价值,CRP曲线下面积为0.817,PCT曲线下面积为0.798,APACHEⅡ评分曲线下面积为0.809,三项指标联合曲线下面积为0.893。结论联合运用CRP、PCT及APACHEⅡ评分对ICU老年重症感染患者临床预后具有较高的评估价值。     

脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡的影响因素及炎症因子水平对预后评估的价值北大核心CSCD

目的分析脓毒症致急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者死亡的影响因素及炎症因子水平对预后评估的价值。方法收集2019年2月—2021年2月在本院ICU接受治疗的100例脓毒症致ARDS患者的临床资料,按照28 d后的预后情况将其分为存活组(62例)和死亡组(38例),分析影响患者死亡的因素及其炎症因子水平对预后评估的价值。结果ARDS患者入住ICU 28 d后脓毒症所致的病死率为38%。脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、PaO_(2)/Fi_(2)、有无吸烟史、是否合理使用抗菌药物情况有关(P<0.05或P<0.01),与性别、年龄、BMI、饮酒史、入住ICU时间以及有创机械通气时间等因素无显著相关性(均P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,APACHEⅡ评分是脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。与存活组患者比较,死亡组患者的C-反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)以及IL-6等炎症指标水平均显著升高(均P<0.01);WBC和IL-10水平两组间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。受试者工作曲线(ROC)显示,CRP、PCT和IL-6等炎症指标的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)均>0.7,约登指数PCT>IL-6>CRP。PCT预测脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡的敏感性为97.40%,特异性为82.30%,AUC为0.962,优于CRP及IL-6。结论脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、Pa_(2)/Fi_(2)、有无吸烟史以及是否合理使用抗菌药物有一定关系,其中APACHEⅡ评分是脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡的独立影响因素。CRP、PCT和IL-6等炎症指标水平与脓毒症致ARDS患者的预后相关,其中PCT对毒症症致ARDS患者预后评估具有一定价值。     

血清降钙素原和常用炎症指标与老年脓毒症的相关性及结合重症评分对其预后的评价

目的探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)和常用炎症指标[白介素6 (IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]与老年脓毒症的相关性,以及它们联合重症评分急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分(APACHE-Ⅱ)、简化急性生理评分(SAPS-Ⅱ)对老年脓毒症患者预后的价值评估。方法回顾性分析2018年1月-2020年10月期间复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院老年医学科和呼吸危重症医学科(PCCM)患者的临床资料,入院24h内测定PCT、IL-6、CRP,脓毒症组进一步测乳酸并评估APACHE-Ⅱ、SAPS-Ⅱ评分,统计患者30 d预后。分析脓毒症组和非脓毒症组PCT、IL-6、CRP的差异,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),评价PCT、IL-6、CRP诊断脓毒症的效能。根据预后,分析非休克组和休克组、存活组和死亡组患者 PCT、IL-6、CRP、APACHE-Ⅱ、SAPS-Ⅱ评分的差异,绘制 ROC 曲线,评价 PCT、IL-6、CRP 与 APACHE-Ⅱ、SAPS-Ⅱ评分对老年脓毒症患者预后的预测效能。结果共纳入脓毒症组患者117例,非脓毒症组58例。与非脓毒症组比较,脓毒症组PCT、IL-6、CRP均升高(P<0.001),PCT、CRP的AUC值相同,高于IL-6。非休克组77例,休克组40例,休克组APACHE-Ⅱ、SAPS-Ⅱ评分高于非休克组(P<0.001),PCT的AUC值高于IL-6、CRP及乳酸,低于两种重症评分标准,SAPS-Ⅱ评分的AUC值高于APACHE-Ⅱ评分。死亡组61例,存活组56例,死亡组PCT高于存活组,APACHE-Ⅱ、SAPS-Ⅱ评分高于存活组(P<0.001),PCT的AUC值高于CRP,但低于IL-6及乳酸,SAPS-Ⅱ评分的AUC值高于APACHE-Ⅱ评分,PCT联合SAPS-Ⅱ评分的AUC则进一步升高,达0.958。结论 PCT是老年感染患者脓毒症诊断的重要参考指标,SAPS-Ⅱ评分对老年脓毒症预后评价能力优于APACHEⅡ评分,PCT结合SAPS-Ⅱ评分更有利于对老年脓毒症的预后评估。     

血浆人源性激肽释放酶结合蛋白水平对严重脓毒症患者预后评估的意义

目的:探讨血浆人源性激肽释放酶结合蛋白(Kal)水平对严重脓毒症患者预后评估的意义。方法:选择严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者88例。根据60 d后患者临床结局分为存活组(58例)和死亡组(30例)。比较2组患者在临床特征方面的差异,探讨Kal水平与各临床参数之间相关性及影响严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者预后的因素。结果:2组患者在年龄、急性呼吸窘迫综合征例数、脓毒性休克例数、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、ICU时间、机械通气时间、Kal水平、CRP水平方面差异显著(均P 0. 05)。Kal水平与年龄、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、有创机械通气、脓毒性休克、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、ICU时间、机械通气时间、CRP水平呈负相关(均P 0. 05)。APACHEⅡ评分高、SOFA评分高、Kal水平偏低、CRP水平偏高是影响严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者预后的危险性因素(均P 0. 05)。其中,入住ICU时血浆Kal水平4μg/mL提示患者预后差。结论:入住ICU时血浆Kal水平4μg/m L提示严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者预后不良,血浆Kal水平可作为严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者预后评估的重要指标。     

PCT对老年脓毒性休克患者预后的评估价值

目的研究血降钙素原(PCT)对急诊老年脓毒性休克患者预后和病情的评估价值。方法收集我院内科2013年1月~2014年12月收治的103例老年脓毒性休克患者,分别于入院第1、3、6 d检查PCT、C反应蛋白(CRP)和乳酸等含量,根据入院第1 d数据进行急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ评分)和序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA评分)。随访28 d,根据预后分为死亡组和存活组,比较两组PCT、CRP、APACHEⅡ评分和SOFA评分的区别,并分析PCT和乳酸等与SOFA评分和APACHEⅡ评分的相关性。结果存活组和死亡组患者第1 d和第3 d的PCT含量比较无显著性差异,但存活组患者第6 d的PCT含量明显小于死亡组(P=0.001);死亡组第1 d乳酸、SOFA评分和APACHEⅡ评分明显高于存活组(P0.05);入院第6 d患者PCT含量与SOFA评分和APACHEⅡ评分呈正相关(r=0.632,0.648,P0.01);PCT为2.0μg/L时敏感度为82.3%,特异度为71.5%。PCT的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.825。结论动态检测PCT含量的变化可以对老年脓毒性休克患者的预后进行正确评估。     

C反应蛋白、白蛋白比值与多评分系统对脓毒症严重程度和预后的评估价值比较

目的:分析C反应蛋白(CRP)、白蛋白(ALB)比值与多评分系统对脓毒症严重程度和预后的评估价值。方法:选取脓毒症患者117例,根据脓毒症严重程度分为脓毒症组与重脓毒症组,均在入院后24h内检测CRP、ALB水平,计算CRP/ALB比值,并进行序贯器官衰竭评分(SOFA)、急性生理与慢性健康状况评估(APACHEⅡ)评分、急诊脓毒症死亡风险评分(MEDS)、简化急性生理学评分(SAPSⅡ)、快速急诊内科评分(REMS)、改良早期预警评分(MEWS),分析CRP/ALB值与各评分系统对脓毒症严重程度和预后的评估价值,采用Pearson多重线性分析计算CRP/ALB值与脓毒症严重程度和预后的相关性。结果:存活患者入院24h CRP/ALB比值低于死亡患者,脓毒症组入院24h CRP/ALB比值低于重脓毒症组(均P 0.05)。存活患者SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分、MEDS评分、SAPSⅡ评分、REMS评分、MEWS评分均低于死亡组,脓毒症组SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分、MEDS评分、SAPSⅡ评分、MEWS评分均低于重脓毒症组(均P 0.05)。死亡患者患糖尿病的构成比高于存活组(18.8%vs 5.9%,P 0.05)。CRP/ALB值与脓毒症患者严重程度呈正相关(r=0.672),与预后呈正相关(r=0.596)。结论:CRP/ALB值对脓毒症病情和预后有较高的评估价值,而各项评分在一定程度上均可反映脓毒症患者病情,部分指标对预后有一定的预测价值。     

sPDPN在老年脓毒症性肺损伤病人早期诊断、病情及预后评估中的价值研究

目的 研究血浆中可溶性平足蛋白(soluble podoplanin, sPDPN)对老年脓毒症性肺损伤病人早期诊断、病情分级、预后评估的价值。方法 选取2018年1月至2020年12月收住无锡市人民医院ICU的老年脓毒症病人共95例，分为脓毒症组(40例)和脓毒症肺损伤组(55例)。将脓毒症肺损伤病人根据病情细分为脓毒症合并急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)亚组(脓毒症伴有ARDS,29例)和脓毒性休克合并ARDS亚组(脓毒性休克伴有ARDS,26例);根据病人的28 d转归情况分为存活亚组(40例)和死亡亚组(15例)。对照组为同期健康体检老年人30例。观察并记录病人收入ICU当日一般情况及APACHEⅡ评分、序贯性器官功能衰竭(SOFA)评分、血管外肺水(EVLW);测定各组病人CRP、PCT、IL-6、TNF-α和sPDPN等指标。结果 sPDPN及CRP、PCT、IL-6、TNF-α水平和SOFA、APACHEⅡ评分在脓毒症肺损伤组、脓毒症组和对照组间，及各亚组间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在各组别中，sPDPN与上述炎症指标、EVLW、SOFA评分及APACHE...     

青少年高血压的研究进展

随着人们生活和行为方式的改变,高血压发病明显呈年轻化趋势。在青少年时期识别高血压病高危人群有助于早期进行有效干预和治疗,降低未来高血压的发生率及其严重性。现试从青少年高血压的诊断、发病因素、特点、治疗策略等方面的研究进展作一综述。     

Morbidity in cardiovascular diseases in immigrants in Sweden

INTRODUCTION: Although immigration to Sweden has increased in the last few decades, the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease in immigrants are unknown. The aim of the present study is to estimate whether place of birth affects the incidence rates of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was designed as a follow-up study on morbidity in cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 1998, including three and a half million persons with age range 35-64 years, of whom 550 000 were born abroad, from the database MigMed consisting of the whole Swedish population. Incidence rates and relative risks were estimated by indirect standardization and a proportional hazard model. RESULTS: The age-adjusted risk of coronary heart disease was higher in most foreign-born groups than in Swedes. For example, in nine of 12 male groups, the relative risks varied between 1.1 and 2.2, and in seven of 12 female groups, the relative risks varied between 1.4 and 2.5. When also adjusting for level of education and employment status, the risks were still high, but on a lower level. CONCLUSIONS: Foreign-born people possess an over-risk of cardiovascular or coronary heart disease(CVD/CHD) compared with Swedish-born persons, also when level of education and employment status are taken into account.     

Pulmonary sporotrichosis in Oklahoma in susceptibilities in vitro

Six cases of pulmonary sporotichosis were observed in 2 institutions in Oklahoma City, Okla. Three of the patients were treated with iodides with or without surgery. Although one patient required a second course of iodides, the patients have remained well after at least 34 months of follow-up. Three patients treated with amphotericin B, single course as well as multiple courses, and other antifungal agents (hydroxystilbamidine and miconazole) have all relapsed. These cases and a reviewed of more than 40 cases of pulmonary sporotrichosis susceptibilities of Sporothrix schenckii that we observed in vitro suggest that amphotericin B is not an effective agent for the treatment of pulmonary sporotrichosis. It is our opinion that the treatment of choice for pulmonary sporotrichosis is a supersaturated solution of potassium iodide. If the patient is allergic to the medication or fails to respond, then a combination of amphotericin B plus flucytosine may be tried.     

C·肉毒杀鼠素(冻干剂)应用研究

目的为研究C·肉毒杀鼠索对杀灭达乌尔黄鼠(简称黄鼠)的大面积应用情况和对家畜、家禽的毒害作用,进行了C·肉毒杀鼠素的应用研究.方法大面积投毒采用ES-2药饵撒播机[1],间隔约80m进行条投.羊、鸡采用直接灌胃.结果大面积应用的灭鼠率为83.72%.对羊、鸡最高剂量分别为500万MLD、150万MLD,均未出现中毒现象.结论 C·肉毒杀鼠素是较为理想的草原大面积杀灭黄鼠的理想、首选药物.     

Differences in outcome in primary angioplasty in women.

BACKGROUND: In acute myocardial infarction (AMI), primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) has proved to be the best therapeutic approach. Several factors have been associated with worse outcome in AMI in females. Are there differences in outcome in women undergoing PTCA for AMI? AIM: To evaluate gender influence on clinical outcome and in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI who undergo primary percutaneous interventions. METHODS: We studied 245 consecutive patients (72 women, 29.4 %), who underwent primary PTCA between January 2000 and December 2001. The following parameters were analyzed: risk factors for coronary artery disease including hypertension, diabetes, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and family history, previous AMI, PTCA or angina, pain-to-balloon time, extent of coronary disease and outcome. RESULTS: Female patients were older (67.9+/-11.6 vs. 59.6+/-13; p < 0.001) with a higher prevalence of hypertension (65.3 % vs. 47.4 %; p < 0.05) and angina (29.0 % vs. 16.0 %; p < 0.05) and lower prevalence of smoking (27.8 % vs. 54.3 %; p < 0.001). Pain-to-balloon time was longer in women (6.8+/-4.1 vs. 5.4+/-3.7 hours; p < 0.05). Extent of coronary disease was similar in both groups. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were used in 84.7 % of women and 90.8 % of men. The frequency of hemorrhagic complications (5.6 % vs. 5.2 %) and arrhythmias (15.3 % vs. 10.4%) and in-hospital mortality (9.7 6.4 %) were higher in females, although without statistical significance (p = NS). Hospitalization time was similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the growing awareness of a gender bias in therapeutic approaches to AMI, there are still some differences in outcome, with a trend towards higher mortality rates in women. Older age and longer pain-to-balloon time could account for this.