缺氧诱导因子在高肺血流性肺动脉高压大鼠肺组织中的动态变化及意义

目的 观察缺氧诱导因子(hypoxia inducible factors,HIFs)在高肺血流性肺动脉高压大鼠肺组织的动态表达,探讨HIF-1 α、HIF-2α在高肺血流性肺动脉高压形成过程中的作用.方法 64只6周龄雄性健康SD大鼠采用随机数字法均分为假手术组与肺动脉高压组,肺动脉高压组大鼠通过腹主动脉-下腔静脉分流法建立高肺血流性肺动脉高压模型,在两组大鼠术后第4、8、12、16周测量平均肺动脉压力(mean pulmonary artery pressure,mPAP)、右心室肥厚指数(right ventricular hypertrophy index,RVHI)及肺血管形态学观察,Western blot检测肺组织HIF-1α、HIF-2α蛋白表达,RT-PCR检测HIF-1αmRNA、HIF-2αmRNA的表达.结果 肺动脉高压组大鼠术后mPAP及RVHI随时间延长持续增高,肺动脉形态学变化与mPAP变化一致;肺动脉高压组大鼠肺组织HIF-1α、HIF-2α蛋白表达在术后随着时间的延长,均呈现先升高后下降的趋势,于术后8、12周明显高于同时间点对照组(P＜0.05);HIF-1 αmRNA、HIF-2αmRNA的表达亦呈现先升高后下降的趋势,于术后8、12周明显高于同时间点对照组(P＜0.05).结论 HIF-1α和HIF-2α可能在大鼠高肺血流性肺动脉高压形成过程中的肺血管病变可逆阶段发挥了一过性的血管保护作用,但仍无法遏制肺动脉高压的形成.     

小泛素蛋白样修饰蛋白1在大鼠低氧性肺动脉高压发病中的作用

目的探讨大鼠低氧性肺动脉高压(HPH)形成过程中小泛素蛋白样修饰蛋白1(SUMO-1)在肺内表达的动态变化规律及在HPH发病机制中的作用。方法40只Wistar大鼠随机分为常氧对照组、低氧3d组、低氧7d组、低氧14d组及低氧21d组,每组8只。常压间断低氧暴露复制HPH大鼠模型。检测各组大鼠的平均肺动脉压(mPAP)、右心室肥大指数(RVHI)、血管形态学指标[管壁面积/管总面积(WA%)];原位杂交、RT-PCR检测肺内SUMO-1 mRNA表达,免疫组化、Western blot检测其蛋白表达水平。结果低氧7d至21d,大鼠肺小动脉开始出现明显血管重塑并逐渐加重,低氧7d时WA%和mPAP显著高于对照组;低氧14d时WA%、mPAP较7d时进一步增加,RVHI显著高于对照组;低氧21d时WA%、RVHI较14d时进一步增加。SUMO-1 mRNA和蛋白在对照组肺小动脉壁呈弱阳性表达;低氧3d后显著增高;低氧14d达高峰;低氧21d后mRNA表达减弱但仍然高于对照组,蛋白表达继续保持高水平。SUMO-1 mRNA和蛋白表达与mPAP、WA%、RVHI均呈正相关(P均0.01)。结论慢性低氧诱导肺内SUMO-1表达增加在HPH的发病过程中发挥一定的作用。     

缺氧诱导因子-1α表达与移植静脉再内皮化关系的实验研究

目的　探讨缺氧诱导因子 1α(HIF 1α)表达水平与移植静脉再内皮化的关系。方法　将6 0只Wistar大鼠随机分为实验组与对照组 ,前者行颈内静脉 颈总动脉移植术。于术后 7d与 14d切取移植静脉。分别采用反转录多聚酶链反应 (RT PCR)、Western印迹法、免疫组织化学及电镜等检测 ,观察HIF 1α和血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)表达水平及再内皮化过程。结果　术后 7d与 14d相比较 ,移植静脉再内皮化显著 ;HIF 1αmRNA及其蛋白和VEGF蛋白表达增强 (P均 <0 0 1) ;增生内膜中HIF 1α阳性表达细胞增多。HIF 1α与VEGF表达呈正相关 (r=0 90 2 6 ,P <0 0 1)。结论HIF 1α与移植静脉内皮细胞增殖密切相关 ,其早期表达不足是引起内膜过度增生 (IH)的重要基因之一。     

低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉和右心室重构研究

目的研究慢性低氧对大鼠肺动脉血管和右心室重构的影响。方法常压间断低氧法复制大鼠慢性低氧模型。右心导管法测平均肺动脉压（mPAP）；测平均主动脉压（mAP），血细胞比容（HCT）；常规HE染色及右心室肥大指数（RVHI）研究右心室重构观察肺血管重构情况；结果慢性低氧大鼠（28d）血细胞比容和平均肺动脉压力显著升高。发生肺动脉血管重构，右心室肥大指数显著增加。结论慢性低氧化导致大鼠肺动脉压增高的同时，伴肺小动脉管壁增厚、管腔狭窄和右心室肥厚等重构性改变。     

Inhibition of Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1αmrna by Nitric Oxide in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Rats

Summary: In order to study the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-la) mRNA in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) rats, 30 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group, chronic hypoxic group and hypoxia plus L-argine (L-Arg) group. The animal model of HPH was developed. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured by inserting a microcatheter into the pulmonary artery. The HIF-1α mRNA expression levels were detected by in situ hybridization (ISH) and semiquantitative RT-PCR. It was found that after 14 days hypoxia, the mPAP in normoxic control group (17.6±2. 7 mmHg,1 mmHg=0. 133 kPa) was significantly lower than that in chronic hypoxic group(35.8±6.1 mmHg, t=0. 2918, P＜0.05) and mPAP in chronic hypoxic group was higher than that in hypoxia plus L-argine group(24.4±3.8 mmHg, t==0. 2563, P＜0. 05). ISH showed that the expression of HIF-lα mRNA in the intraacinar pulmonary arteriolae (IAPA) in normoxic control group (0. 1076±0. 0205) was markedly weaker than that in chronic hypoxic group (0. 3317 ± 0.0683, t=3. 125, P＜0. 05) and that in chronic hypoxic group was stronger than that in hypoxia plus L-argine group (0. 1928±0. 0381, t=2.844, P＜0.05). RT-PCR showed that the content of HIF-lα mRNA in chronic hypoxic group (2. 5395±0. 6449) was 2.16 times and 1.75 times higher than that in normoxic control group (1. 1781±0. 3628) and hypoxia plus L-argine group (1. 4511±0. 3981), respectively. It is concluded that NO can reduce the mPAP by the inhibition of the expression of HIF-1α mRNA, which may be one of the mechanisms through which NO affects the pathogenesis of HPH.     

缺氧性肺动脉高压发病中肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡变化

目的：研究缺氧性肺动脉高压发病中肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡变化。方法：用压缺氧法复制大鼠缺氧性肺动脉高压模型,用右心导管法测量平均肺动脉压,称量法计算右心室肥大指数,HE染色结合形态计量分析进行缺氧性肺血管重塑观察,Tunel法行肺动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡检测。结果：缺氧7d大鼠平均肺动脉压开始升高,肺动脉出现缺氧性肺血管重塑;缺氧14d及21d平均肺动脉压进一步升高,缺氧性肺血管重塑更明显,右心室肥大指数增加。对照组及缺氧3d、7d、14d、21d组肺动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡指数差异无显著意义。平均肺动脉压与WA％（血管壁横断面积与血管横断面积比值）及右心室肥大指数呈正相关,WA％与肺动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡指数之间无直线相关关系。结论：缺氧性肺动脉高压发病中肺动脉平滑肌细胞增殖同时不伴有凋亡水平的显著变化。     

Morg1在缺氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺组织中的表达

目的探讨大鼠慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压（HPH）形成过程中MAPK组织蛋白1（Morg1）在肺内的动态表达和意义，方法40只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组（C组）和缺氧3d，7d，14d和21d组（H3，H7，H14。和H24组），每组8只，常压缺氧复制HPH大鼠模型，测各组大鼠平均肺动脉压（mPAP）、右室肥大指数（RVHI）、血管形态学指标；western-blot检测Morg1蛋白质表达。结果①H7组大鼠mPAP开始上升，与C组比较，差异有显著性（P〈0．05），H14组达高水平并维持于此水平。缺氧14d后出现肺血管重塑，RVHI改变。②Morg1蛋白在C组呈弱阳性表达（0．085±0．007），H3H7组表达升高（0．102±0．003，0．124±0．010），H14组达高峰（0．146±0．006，与C组比较，P〈0．05）。结论Morg1蛋白含量在HPH大鼠中呈动态表达，可能在其发病机制中发挥作用。     

Inhibition of Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-la mRNA by Nitric Oxide in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Rats

Summary In order to study the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) mRNA in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) rats, 30 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group, chronic hypoxic group and hypoxia plus L-argine (L-Arg) group. The animal model of HPH was developed. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured by inserting a microcatheter into the pulmonary artery. The HIF-1α mRNA expression levels were detected by in situ hybridization (ISH) and semiquantitative RT-PCR. It was found that after 14 days hypoxia, the mPAP in normoxic control group (17.6±2.7 mmHg,l mmHg=0.133 kPa) was significantly lower than that in chronic hypoxic group (35.8 ±6.1 mmHg,t=0.2918,P<0.05) and mPAP in chronic hypoxic group was higher than that in hypoxia plus L-argine group (24.4±3.8 mmHg,t=0.2563,P<0.05). ISH showed that the expression of HIF-1α mRNA in the intraacinar pulmonary arteriolae (IAPA) in normoxic control group (0.1076±0.0205) was markedly weaker than that in chronic hypoxic group (0.3317±0.0683,t=3.125,P<0.05) and that in chronic hypoxic group was stronger than that in hypoxia plus L-argine group (0.1928±0.0381,t=2.844,P<0.05). RT-PCR showed that the content of HIF-1α mRNA in chronic hypoxic group (2.5395±0.6449) was 2.16 times and 1.75 times higher than that in normoxic control group (1.1781±0.3628) and hypoxia plus L-argine group (1.4511±0.3981), respectively. It is concluded that NO can reduce the mPAP by the inhibition of the expression of HIF-1α mRNA, which may be one of the mechanisms through which NO affects the pathogenesis of HPH. AO Qilin, male, born in 1971, Lecturer, M. D., Ph. D. This project was supported by a grant from National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 39730190).     

低氧肺动脉高压大鼠蛋白激酶CβⅡ蛋白表达及膜转位水平的变化

目的 建立慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠模型并初步探讨蛋白基酶CβⅡ（PKCβⅡ）在慢性低氧性肺动脉高压的发生发展过程中所起的作用.方法 建立慢性常压低氧肺动脉高压大鼠模型,将清洁级SD大鼠,随机分为正常对照组、低氧1d、3d、7d、14d和21d组,检测大鼠右心室收缩压（right ventricle systolic pressure,RVSP）和右心室肥厚指数（right ventricle hypertrophy index,RVHI）,采用HE染色观察肺动脉病理学改变,Western blotting方法检测大鼠肺动脉内PKCβⅡ蛋白表达和膜转位水平的变化.结果 （1）与正常对照组相比,低氧暴露1d、3d、7d、14d、21d后RVSP均明显上升（P＜0.05）; RVHI低氧3d、7d、14d、21 d组较正常对照组明显上升（P＜0.05）;低氧暴露3、7和21 d组肺动脉病理学改变明显.（2）PKCβⅡ蛋白的表达量在慢性低氧3d、7d、14d和21 d与正常对照组相比明显降低（P＜0.05）,慢性低氧3d后PKCβⅡ膜转位水平较正常对照组明显下降（P＜0.05）.结论 PKCβⅡ蛋白表达和膜转位水平的下调可能参与了大鼠慢性低氧性肺动脉高压的发生和发展过程.     

Wnt/PCP信号通路在大鼠缺氧或炎症诱导肺动脉高压形成的作用

目的探讨Wnt/PCP信号通路在大鼠缺氧或炎症诱导肺动脉高压形成过程中的作用机制。方法将40只雄性SD大鼠,分为对照组、低氧组、百合碱组、低氧＋百合碱组,测大鼠平均肺动脉压力（MPAP）,右心室肥厚指数（RVHI）肺小动脉相应管壁中膜厚度占其管径的百分比（WT%）;采用RT-PCR法,从基因水平观察Wnt11、Wnt5a、Dvl-3、DAAM1以及Rho A在缺氧或炎症诱导肺动脉高压形成大鼠肺组织中的表达情况。结果低氧组、百合碱组及低氧＋百合碱组大鼠的MPAP与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;3组的RVHI与对照组比较均显著提高（P〈0.05）,低氧组与百合碱组的RVHI比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,低氧组与低氧＋百合碱组的RVHI比较无统计学意义（P=0.761）;3组的WT%与对照组比较均显著升高（P〈0.05）。Wnt11、Wnt5a、Dvl-3、DAAM1、Rho A、mRNA,在低氧组、百合碱组及低氧＋百合碱组的表达较对照组均显著下调（P〈0.05）,而低氧组与百合碱组、低氧组与低氧＋百合碱组、百合碱与低氧＋百合碱组比较,Wnt5a、Wnt11、Dvl-3、DAAM1、Rho A、mRNA,表达差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论在缺氧或炎症诱导肺动脉高压形成的过程中Wnt11、Wnt5a、Dvl-3、DAAM1以及RHOA均处于下调,提示Wnt/PCP信号通路在缺氧或炎症诱导肺动脉高压形成的过程中具有一定的作用,但其作用可能受到某种机制的抑制。     

慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺内血管内皮生长因子表达的变化

为了解低氧对肺内血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）基因表达的影响及ＶＥＧＦ在肺动脉闹压发生中的作用，以常压低氧建立大鼠肺动脉高压模型，采用Ｅｌｉｓａ检测大鼠肺动脉血血清ＶＥＧＦ的含量改变，以体外转录并用ＤＩＧ－ＵＴＰ标记的ＶＥＧＦ ｃＲＮＡ探针进行肺组织原位杂交，检测大鼠肺内ＶＥＧＦ ｍＲＮＡ表达的变化。结果发现：低氧３周后，大鼠形成明显的肺动脉高压；大鼠肺动脉血血清中ＶＥＧＦ含量在低氧３周组为４２０．     

低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺内 fractalkine 的变化

目的探讨趋化因子fractalkine在低氧性肺动脉高压发病机制中的作用。方法将20只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和低氧组,每组10只,低氧组以常压低氧建立肺动脉高压模型。以右心导管法检测平均肺动脉压(mPAP),图像分析法测量肺小动脉壁厚度,计算出管壁厚度占血管外径的百分比(WT%)和管壁面积占血管总面积的百分比(WA%),逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法观察大鼠肺组织fractalkine mRNA的表达和酶联免疫法观察肺组织匀浆fractalkine的变化。结果对照组大鼠mPAP为(16.3±2.1)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),低氧组为(28.7±3.8)mmHg,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组大鼠WT%为(10.20±1.56)%、WA%为(38.11±2.30)%,低氧组大鼠WA%和WT%分别为(21.28±4.60)%和(67.08±9.44)%,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.01);低氧组大鼠肺组织fractalkine mRNA的含量较对照组增加〔(0.49±0.05)vs(0.29±0.02),P<0.01〕,肺组织匀浆fractalkine浓度亦高于对照组〔(7622.6±938.4)pg/mL vs(4168.5±403.5)pg/mL,P<0.01〕。相关分析表明,fractalkine mRNA和蛋白与WA%和WT%均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论慢性低氧大鼠肺组织fractalkine的合成和释放增多,fractalkine增加可能与低氧性肺动脉高压的发生有关。     

L-精氨酸干预低氧性肺血管结构重构机制的研究

探讨Ｌ－精氨酸干预低氧性肺血管结构重构的机制。方法将１８只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠采用区组随机法分为对照组、低氧组和低氧＋Ｌ－Ａｒｇ组。以右心导管法测定肺动脉压力,并对大示本进行显微结构观测和超微结构观察,同时分光光度法间接测定血浆一氧化氮（ＮＯ）含量,并对肺组织以内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）ｃＲＮＡ探针进行原位杂交,研究肺动脉内皮细胞ＥＴ－１ｍＲＮＡ的表达。结果低氧组大鼠肺动脉平均压（ｍＰＡＰ）为２．７１ＫＰ     

慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠血清碱性成纤维细胞生长因子含量的 …

为探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子在慢性低氧性肺动脉高压肺血管重建中的作用及机理，采用慢性低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠模型，用酶联免疫吸附法测定其血清ｂＦＧＦ含量，并用原位杂交法观察肺、心、脑、肾等器官ｂＦＧＦｍＲＮＡ表达的变化。     

内皮素A受体拮抗剂WS009A对大鼠低氧性肺动脉高压形成的影响

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ETA receptor antagonist, WS009A, on the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats. METHODS: In the course of chronic hypoxia, rats were treated with WS009A (10 mg/kg) by a siliastic catheter inserted in the left external jugular vein. RESULTS: The measured values of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) were 2.7 +/- 0.33, 3.97 +/- 0.47 [symbol: see text] 2.39 +/- 0.27 kPa in the control, the hypoxic and the WS009A treated groups, respectively. The percentages of vascular wall area/total vascular area (MA%) were 0.26 +/- 0.03, 0.52 +/- 0.04, 0.32 +/- 0.07, respectively. The percentages of vascular wall thickness/vascular external diameter(MT%) were 0.14 +/- 0.02, 0.31 +/- 0.03, 0.18 +/- 0.05, respectively. The ratios of right ventricular wall to left ventricle plus septum[RV/(LV + S)] were 0.24 +/- 0.02, 0.35 +/- 0.03, 0.26 +/- 0.03, respectively. The variance analysis revealed there were decreases in mPAP and the ratio of RV/(LV + S) in WS009A group (P < 0.01, compared with those in hypoxic group). There were no haemodynamic and right ventricular hypertrophy differences between WS009A group and control group. The MT% and MA% in WS009A groups were higher than those in controls, but there were significantly decreased MT% and MA% in WS009A group as compared with those in hypoxic group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The ETA receptor antagonist, WS009A, attenuates the pulmonary vascular wall remodelling and the pulmonary hypertension induced by chronic hypoxia.     

缺氧性肺动脉高压大鼠泡内肺动脉与右心室胶原表达及黄芪的干 …

目的 观察缺氧性肺动脉高压大鼠胞内肺动脉与右心室胶原表达及黄芪的干预作用,初步探讨其作用机制。方法 将雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠随机分为３组：（１）缺氧组：在常压缺氧舱内缺氧,每日１２小时,连续３周;（２）黄芪组：缺氧条件同缺氧组;自缺氧第一天起给大鼠每天腹腔注０．２ｍｌ黄芪注射液;（３）正常组对照组：室内空气正常饲养,用心导管和Ｆｉｃｋ’ｓ法测定肺动脉压和右心排血量,苦味酸天狼猩红染色切片观察泡内肺动     

The inhibitory effects of Radix Astragali on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension of rats

Ｔｈｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｒｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇｏｆｉｎｔｒａａｃｉｎａｒｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙａｒｔｅｒｉｅｓ（ＩＡＰＡ）ｉｓａｐａｔｈｏｍｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｂａｓｉｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙｈｙｐｅｒ...     

低氧大鼠肺血管中血小板衍化生长因子α，β受体基因表达的变化

肺血管构形重建是慢性低氧性肺动脉高压的重要发病学环节。肺血管壁细胞增生、肥大，细胞外间质成分堆积及部分非肌性化小动脉肌性化致肺血管壁增厚、管腔狭窄、弹性下降，使肺动脉高压得以维持。在调控间质细胞增殖中，血小板衍化生长因子（PDGF）的作用尤引人注目。动脉粥样硬化、高血压、血管成形术后再狭窄等体动脉增生性病理过程中，有关PDGF及其受体的作用有较多报道。基于Northern分子杂交结果显示出低氧大鼠肺组织PDGF受体基因表达增强［”，本研究进一步用原位杂交技术动态观察了低氧性肺动脉高压形成过程中肺组织PDGF－a，…     

灯盏花素对大鼠低氧性肺动脉高压治疗作用及血清一氧化氮和内皮素-1的影响

为探讨灯盏花素对大鼠慢性低氧性肺动脉高压的治疗作用及机制,应用灯盏花素腹腔注射,观察其对大鼠不同低氧时间肺动脉平均压(mPAP)、血清一氧化氮（Nitricoxide,NO）及内皮素-1（Endothelin-1,ET-1）含量的影响,并与单纯低氧组对照。结果显示单纯低氧组大鼠mPAP和血清内皮素-1含量在低氧5、14和28d均明显增高（P<0.01）,血清一氧化氮明显降低（P<0.01）;灯盏花素治疗组肺动脉平均压和血清内皮素-1含量在低氧5、14和28d均较单纯低氧组明显降低（P<0.01）,血清一氧化氮含量明显升高（P<0.01）。灯盏花素明显降低大鼠慢性低氧性肺动脉高压,可能是通过增加血清NO、降低ET-1含量发挥其作用的,可用于慢性肺动脉高压的治疗。