材料和目标形状对多点拉形成形精度的影响分析

多点拉形是将整体拉形模具离散成多点模具,可以在一套多点拉形模具上实现不同形状零件的拉形,省去了模具的设计、制造等大量的生产成本,实现了蒙皮件的柔性成形。多点拉形主要适于成形小曲率、大变形的蒙皮件,材料和目标曲面形状都是影响多点拉形成形结果的重要因素。通过对3种材料成形不同曲率半径球形件的多点拉形过程进行数值分析,研究材料和成形件目标形状对多点拉形的影响。结果表明,在成形件中心区域的形状误差小于边缘区的形状误差,拉伸方向的形状误差大于垂直拉伸方向的误差,成形件的曲率半径越小,成形件的形状误差越大。     

Numerical simulation of aluminum alloy ladder parts with viscous pressure forming

1　INTRODUCTIONTheeffectofstressstatesonaxisymmetricsheetformabilityhasbeenstudiedundertheconditionofsolidmetalpunchforming [14 ] ,andtheeffectofblankholderpressure (BHP) ,frictioncoefficientandpunchconfigurationonthestressstateshasbeenob tained .Becauseofthedisadvantagesofsolid punchforming ,newformingtechnologyisneededtoim provethestressstatesofthesheetinformingprocessandtomeettherequirementofforminglow plastici ty ,complexshapeparts .Viscouspressureforming(VPF)isarecentlydevelopedfle…     

Modeling of manufacturing processes with ANNs for intelligent manufacturing

Modern manufacturing often caters to rapidly changing product specifications determined by the continuously increasing productivity, flexibility and quality demands. Metal forming and machining are two important manufacturing processes in present day manufacturing. Automatic selection of tools and accessories in these processes heavily relies on forming force/cutting force estimation. Complex relationships exist between process parameters and these forces. In the present work, the applicability and relative effectiveness of Artificial Neural Network based models has been investigated for rapid estimation of these, invoking the function approximation capabilities of the ANN models. The results obtained are found to correlate well with the finite element simulation data in cases of metal forming, and experimental data in cases of metal cutting. This work has considerable implications in selection of the tools and on-line monitoring of tool wear. The actual forming and cutting forces can be compared with predicted ones to signal the onset of tool wear, and thus prevent damage to the tool and work piece during the course of manufacturing.     

Valuation method for effects of hot stamping process parameters on product properties using hot forming simulator

Hot stamping is one of the hot forming processes for manufacturing products of lightweight construction such as lightweight vehicles. Knowledge on the characteristics of the hot stamping process is significant in designing and optimizing the process conditions, dies and tools; however, until now, the characteristics of this process, such as the relationships between a product property and die temperature and between a product property and cooling rate, and the springback amount, have not been clarified consistently or precisely. A new valuation method used to measure the effects of hot stamping conditions on product properties as a function of process parameters is proposed in this paper. This method utilizes a hot forming simulator, which is a precision press with feedback temperature control and controlled cooling, and permits to know the various characteristics of the hot stamping process. Here, the basic construction of the proposed method is presented, and its application to the characterization of the hot stamping process of high-strength steel sheets, such as an evaluation of the changes in product properties upon varying the forming conditions and process parameters, is shown and discussed.     

Two-step method of forming complex shapes from sheet metal

A two-step method of forming a part and a method of designing a preform shape are being discussed. The part may be formed from lightweight material to an extent that would normally exceed the forming limits of the material if the part were attempted to be formed in one-step conventional stamping die. Critical areas including deep pockets and sharp radius areas of the final part are formed from a preform or intermediate shape part. The first forming step can be conducted by variety of sheet metal forming methods; the preformed blank is further formed in a fluid pressure forming process to a final part shape wherein broad radius areas and pockets of accumulated metal of the preform are formed into deep pockets and sharp corners of the final shape. Electrohydraulic forming technology is employed for the second forming step.     

DRC2000热模锻压力机优化设计

DRC2000热模锻压力机是在引进世界先进生产技术基础上,经过不断改进、完善,充分吸收MP、SP热模锻压力机的优点而设计的,具有重量轻、刚性好、传动平稳、结构可靠、导向精度高、维修操作方便等特点,用于进行成批大量的黑色和有色金属的模锻和精整锻件,锻件精度高,材料利用率高,生产率高,易实现自动化,同时对工人的操作技术要求低,噪声和振动小,是现代锻造生产不可缺少的高精锻设备。     

智能与控制在塑性加工制备与成形中的应用

对材料制备与塑性加工方面的智能控制特点进行了介绍与分析。首先对钢铁、铜及铜合金管材连铸连轧过程控制加工特点进行了阐述 ,其次介绍了镁合金的“轧制 等通道角挤压 拉制”连续加工制备技术和镁合金薄板半固态双辊铸轧工艺。对于薄板增量加工成形技术 ,介绍了飞机整体壁板增量压弯技术、薄板单点无模增量成形技术和多点无模增量成形技术。讨论了薄板可动凹模液压成形技术、异型截面管件液压成形技术和细长杆件空间弯扭成形技术原理。最后对于微小件加工技术进行了简要介绍     

板料增量成形的研究进展

板料增量成形是采用简单模具对板料进行逐次塑性加工的一种工艺,不需要专用的模具就可以成形较为复杂的零件,同时还具有成形力小、柔性高的特点,特别适合多品种小批量零件的生产方式,因此得到国内外学者的重视。本文重点从板料的增量压弯成形、增量拉深胀形、增量微成形3个方面对板料增量成形的发展进行综述,还对板料增量成形工艺的发展前景进行了展望,指出进行理论创新、开发新的模拟软件、探索新的成形方案、开发增量成形新设备是发展趋势。     

Inverse finite element approach and its application in sheet metal forming

The inverse finite element approach (IFEA) was derived from ideal forming to predict the development blank of sheet metal and the thickness strain distribution according to the geometry of final product. The flange portion of stamping product under blank-holder is a free parameter that is mostly dependent on the shape of the initial flat blank. Based on the IFEA, this paper proposed a node relocation technique to estimate the influence of flange shape and evaluate the final geometry and thickness strain distribution from the prescribed flat blank. The applications of the IFEA cover the backward and forward evaluations: from given product to initial blank and from given initial blank to final product. Those applications make the design of sheet metal forming easy and fast. A door-like product experiment confirmed that the precision of the IFEA satisfied the manufacturing requirement.     

Investigation of active-elastic blank holder systems for high-pressure forming of metal sheets

Hydroforming constitutes a subgroup of sheet metal forming processes utilizing a pressurized forming medium. Besides the hydroforming of hollow sections, the high-pressure forming (HPF) of metal sheets is demonstrably one innovative method for the production of complex sheet metal components and offers high potentials to improve the properties and qualities of sheet metal parts. This report describes investigations of a newly developed active-elastic blank holder technology, which is used for HPF of metal sheets. Unlike the use of semi-rigid blank holder systems, the active-elastic blank holder system shows improvements with respect to the material flow in the flange area and reduced sheet thinning in critical corner regions of the work-piece. In addition to numerical analysis concerning the development and design of the active-elastic blank holder, current experimental examinations will be presented. The focus is on a comparative evaluation of the simulation and production of rectangular metal parts, by using conventional semi-rigid tools and active-elastic tools.     

钛合金空心风扇叶片成形三维有限元分析

随着高旁路涡扇发动机在军用、民用飞机上的应用,采用超塑成形/扩散连接(SPF/DB)技术制造大尺寸钛合金宽弦风扇叶片已经成为涡扇发动机的一项关键制造技术.钛合金空心风扇叶片的成形过程包括3个阶段:扭转成形、热成形、超塑成形.在本研究中,为了分析空心风扇叶片的成形过程,建立了一个三维有限元模型,钛合金的变形行为符合Backofen方程.通过三维有限元模型,分析扭转速率、热成形模具下落速度、超塑成形目标应变速率、板材与模具之间的摩擦系数、芯板和面板的厚度比等参数对成形力的影响规律.研究表明,随着扭转速度、热成形模具的下落速度、目标应变速率、板材厚度比的提高,成形力将提高,而摩擦系数对成形力的影响很小.     

钛板下颌假体的柔性化三维曲面展开与快速冲压成形工艺研究

针对现有定制化钛合金下颌假体的精铸加工周期长的问题。提出了一种快速冲压成形具有柔性化三维结构的钛板下颌假体的方法。以曲率变化大的颏部缺损为对象,结合有限元分析确定钛板下料的最佳初始结构和冲压加工过程的变形条件,研究该类下颌假体的冲压成形工艺性结构设计和分析方法。基于增材制造及其快速模具的树脂壳体／金属树脂填料冲压模具具有高效、低成本的特点;所完成的三维下颌假体表面质量良好,结构尺寸平均偏移量为0．5mm,证明柔性化结构的下颌假体可采用效率更高、成本更低的钣金冲压加工方法。提出了完整的冲压加工工艺路线．对下颌修复的实际应用具有一定的指导意义。     

基于冲压与数控渐进成形的复合成形

针对冲压工艺难以成形形状复杂板材件、冲压模具难以制造或加工成本高以及单独采用数控渐进成形加工效率低的问题,提出基于冲压工艺与数控渐进成形工艺相结合的复合成形方法,并给出了基于冲压与数控渐进成形的复合成形的数值模拟方法。采用冲压成形、数控渐进成形和复合成形3种成形方式,以有限元分析软件数值模拟分析同一形状板材件,对比分析数值模拟后的板材件的轮廓尺寸精度与厚度分布。结果可知,采用复合成形得到的板材件轮廓尺寸精度与厚度分布能够满足实际应用,所提出的复合成形方法具有可应用性。     

补偿回弹的冲压件模具设计方法

回弹是金属板料冲压中的主要缺陷之一,它可以通过修正模具形状加以解决.基于对经过成形--回弹的有限元数值模拟,提出一种循环位移补偿回弹修正模具型面的方法.它基于对经过成形--回弹有限元数值模拟得到的成形工件与目标工件多次循环比较,用成形工件结点回弹位移修正实验模具形状,直到利用修正的模具能够换获得满意的工件为止.利用此方法对一小型三维铝合金板料冲压工件的冲压模具设计过程进行了数值模拟,结果表明,通过两次修正的模具可获得满意工件.并根据模拟得到的型面制作模具进行了实冲实验,证明此补偿回弹的模具修正法是有效的.     

板冲锻成形新工艺及其在轿车飞轮盘加工中的应用

该文提出一种新的冲锻复合塑性加工方法,来成形中空且厚差较大的板材零件或者管材零件。其特点是以冲压工序成形出空间形状,并在需要的部位储备金属,随后的锻造工序对该部位压缩增厚,从而得到大厚差整体塑性成形件。并以轿车飞轮盘为实例,进行了有限元分析与试验研究,结果显示,采用该方法进行零件加工,降低了对设备吨位的要求,材料的利用率、加工效率以及零件质量大大提高。     

复合塑性成形新技术及其应用

介绍了几种复合塑性成形新技术,包括热锻冷锻复合技术、板料冲压冷锻复合技术、以及结合铸造和锻造特点开发出来的铸造锻造技术和半固态成形技术,以及它们在工业生产中的应用情况。     

人工神经网络在塑性成形领域中的应用研究

在概述人工神经网络发展及应用的基础上,综述了国内外神经网络在塑性成形领域中应用的现状,着重介绍了板材成形和模具设计与制造方面应用神经网络的现状。利用人工神经网络实现了板材拉深成形智能化控制过程中摩擦系数的实时识别,并对其进行了实验证,结果表明,神经网络模型能够很好地解决板材拉深成形智能化控制过程中摩擦系数的实时识别问题,实现整个拉深化过程的智能化控制。最后指出了当前人工神经网络研究与应用中的不足之处及今后的研究方向。     

基于JSTAMP／NV的汽车B柱热冲压仿真

介绍了热成形的技术原理,并以2008年国际板材成形数值模拟会议（Numisheet’2008）上提出的汽车B柱热成形仿真的考题为例,分析了应用JSTAMP／NV进行热成形案例热力耦合仿真分析的应用过程,并将仿真结果与实验结果进行比较,结果表明仿真结果与实验结果吻合良好,精确地预测出该制件成形过程中的板料温度及厚度分布。     

多点成形中的柔性压边技术研究

对于薄板类零件而言,无论是利用整体模具成形还是多点成形,影响成形零件质量的关键因素是起皱。为了防止薄板类零件成形过程中产生起皱,尽量提高薄板类零件的变形量,研制了一种适合于多点成形的新型柔性压边装置,依据成形件的工艺特点、变形大小、材料特性及其弹性模量和成形零件形状,可以确定压边力的大小,且与板料直接接触的柔性压边圈随成形零件的形状不同而有所变形。介绍了多点成形压力机专用的柔性压边装置的工作原理、工作过程、布置结构、力学分析、成形力及压边力的计算。阐述了实际使用过程中的压边力和成形力的调节方法及柔性压边力,实现了数字无级调压,通过调节柔性压边力,明显改善了薄板类零件的成形质量。