Q620D钢板连续冷却相变行为和回火工艺

以Q620D高强度钢板为研究对象,利用热模拟试验机研究了Q620D钢板连续冷却相变规律,同时对比分析了不同回火工艺对钢板组织和性能的影响,确定了Q620D钢板最佳的轧制和热处理工艺。结果表明,采用控制轧制+超快冷快速冷却+回火工艺生产Q620D钢板时,钢板轧制后冷却速率不低于20℃/s,回火温度控制在550~600℃,钢板的强度和韧性匹配最佳。回火过程中位错的回复和消失、M/A岛状组织的分解、马氏体组织的转变和铌、钒等微合金元素的析出强化等共同影响Q620D钢板回火后的强度和低温冲击韧性。     

HTP工艺生产的700 MPa级中厚板的组织与性能

 研究了高Nb超低碳贝氏体钢在HTP工艺条件下轧态、回火态的组织与力学性能。采用的合金成分（质量分数）为：C 0.05%、Mn 1.85%、Nb 0.1%左右,其余合金元素有Cu、Ni、Cr、B等。进行了热模拟研究、实验室冶炼轧制和工业试制。试验结果表明,第二阶段开轧温度、冷却速度和轧后高温回火工艺对钢的组织、析出物的形态和数量有明显影响。采用合适的HTP工艺与轧后高温回火相结合,能够生产出屈服强度达到700 MPa级别的高强度、高韧性钢板。     

耐磨钢在不同回火工艺下的组织与性能研究

研究了不同回火工艺对淬火态NM400耐磨钢板组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明:随着回火温度不断升高,组织由回火马氏体转变为回火索氏体,钢板的强度和硬度不断降低,钢板的冲击性能先降低后升高,存在马氏体回火脆性区。     

HTP工艺超低碳贝氏体钢Q620CFD中厚板的开发

研究了超低碳贝氏体钢Q620CFD在HTP工艺条件下轧态、回火态的组织与力学性能;与同级别低Nb钢板进行了变形抗力热模拟对比试验。结果表明,二次开轧温度和轧后回火工艺对该钢的组织、性能和析出物的形态数量有明显影响;采用HTP工艺可以有效降低其控轧生产时的轧制负荷。     

热轧中厚板超快速冷却过程温度场数值模拟

 超快速冷却工艺作为热轧钢板生产的核心技术,对改善板材产品组织形态、提升产品性能具有重要意义。在中厚钢板的超快速冷却过程中,心部与表面之间的冷却速度差异使得钢板在厚度方向上形成内外温度差,而超快速冷却中钢板表面的换热机制较为复杂,两者综合提升了中厚板冷却机制的界定难度。为提升中厚板超快冷模型计算精度,完善其换热体系,建立了中厚钢板轧后超快速冷却过程中等效换热系数反求法的数学模型。该模型依托离散解析法,基于导热微分方程及物体正规阶段的状态特点,将求得的超越方程根转化为等效换热系数,并将此作为超快冷温度场模型的边界条件。在此基础上,构建了超快速冷却温度场仿真模型,验证了20 mm钢板超快速冷却机制下的温度场。结果表明,等效换热系数反求法的数学模型能够适用于中厚钢板的超快冷工艺。     

回火工艺对Q550MD高强度钢板性能的影响

采用TMCP工艺轧制的Q550D钢板经过超快冷后,通过采用不同的回火工艺进行热处理,研究了钢板的强度、延伸率、冲击性能及屈强比等随回火工艺的变化。试验表明,随着回火温度上升,抗拉强度呈下降趋势,屈强比呈上升趋势;回火后经水冷的钢板屈强比比空冷钢板要低。     

典型热处理工艺对高强度钢板组织及性能的影响

主要研究再加热淬火+回火(RQ-T)、再结晶区控制轧制+直接淬火+回火(HR-DQ-T)和未再结晶区控制轧制+直接淬火+回火(CR-DQ-T)3种典型热处理工艺对高强度钢板力学性能及组织的影响。试验研究表明:直接淬火工艺生产钢板比再加热淬火工艺试验钢板具有更高的强度,CR-DQ工艺试验钢板具有更为优异的综合力学性能;3种工艺淬火态组织均为马氏体和少量贝氏体的板条组织,CR-DQ工艺获得的板条组织细小、取向相对混乱且相互交叉纠缠、位错密度更大。研究结果为DQ-T工艺生产高强度钢板提供了依据。     

超快冷技术在首秦宽厚板生产线上的应用

介绍了基于超快速冷却的新一代TMCP工艺的基本思想,轧后立即进行超快速冷却,在动态相变点停止冷却,而后进行冷却路径的控制。以超快速冷却为核心的新一代TMCP工艺在管线钢X70、水电钢07MnNiMoVR、高强钢SQ550等高等级品种钢的工业实践表明,该工艺较传统的TMCP工艺在降低合金元素含量、提高钢板的强度和冲击韧性等方面所表现出来的优势将越来越受到轧钢工作者的青睐。     

由碳化物形态控制技术生产的罐槽、压力管道用具有良好韧性的550MPa级和610MPa级高强度钢板

JFE应用最新在线热处理技术开发了550MPa和610MPa级高强度钢板,具有极好的韧性和焊接性。钢板和其焊件的优异性能在于采用了超级OLAC（在线加速冷却）和HOP（在线热处理工艺）的微合金化技术;直接淬火和在线回火工艺;并且低C,低焊接裂纹敏感系数（PCM）,不需B添加剂。特别是利用在线HOP回火工艺快速加热和回火,提高了韧性及热处理高性能钢板的产量。在许多钢厂已取得实际应用效果.     

冷却工艺对超低碳贝氏体钢强韧性影响的研究

研究了一种含有Cu、Ni、Mo、Nb、B等元素的超低碳贝氏体钢,以搞清楚其在不同的热机械处理 弛豫-析出-控制相变技术 回火工艺(TMCP RPC T)条件下组织和强韧性能的变化规律.实验室研究和工业试制表明,随着工艺制度的不同,钢的显微组织表现为粒状贝氏体和板条贝氏体的比例、形态、尺寸不同;在一定的冷却速度下,轧态钢的屈服强度、抗拉强度和屈强比随终冷温度的降低呈现上升趋势;回火后钢的屈强比较热轧态有所提高.试验条件下,回火温度对Nb析出数量的影响不明显,加热时Nb的固溶程度对该钢的最终组织有明显影响;采用TMCP RPC、TMCP RPC T工艺路线,通过调整工艺参数,能够获得不同性能组合的钢板,实现高性能钢种的柔性化设计.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.