延边地区金(铜)成矿系列稳定同位素地球化学

延边地区金(铜)成矿系列的成矿流体中氢、氧同位素研究表明,其中δ18O的范围为-10×10-3～+5×10-3,δD的范围为-120×10-3～-40×10-3。小西南岔金铜矿床早期成矿流体主要以岩浆水为主,为典型的斑岩型金铜矿床;刺猬沟、五凤金矿床成矿流体主要以大气降水为主,为浅成低温热液型矿床,闹枝金矿床的成矿流体是介于上述两种类型之间的过渡型。该成矿系列的典型矿床硫、碳同位素地球化学具有幔源的特征。     

吉林东部地区与火山岩-斑岩有关的金(铜银)矿成矿地质特征及其成矿模式

吉林东部地区与火山岩-斑岩有关的金(铜银)矿床可分为浅成低温热液型金(银)矿和浅成中温斑岩。热液型金(铜)矿两个亚类。浅成低温热液型矿床的特征矿物组合为黄铁矿、石英、方解石、冰长石和重晶石,成因上与高钾的钙碱性火山岩。斑岩(137～177Ma)有关,成矿流体属浅成低温氧化流体,在成矿过程中大气降水混入的程度大。浅成中温斑岩,热液型矿床的特征矿物组合为黄铁矿、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿和石英,成因上与钙碱性火山岩。斑岩(130～140Ma)有关,成矿流体属浅成中温还原流体,在成矿过程中大气降水混入的程度相对较小。由于火山岩,斑岩的来源深度不同,斑岩体在矿床的形成中所起的作用不同,成矿流体的性质不同,造成金矿床的类型不尽相同。     

南秦岭寒武系黑色岩系中夏家店金矿床地质地球化学特征

研究取得如下成果和认识确定了微细浸染型金矿床赋存于含矿性好的重晶石-硅质岩热水沉积岩系之中;矿床形成经历同生沉积成矿预富集,韧-脆性剪切构造叠加和后生热液改造金的工业富集过程,与本区古大陆俯冲-碰撞造山大地构造演化密切耦合.成矿作用共划分为3期8阶段,矿石由3类11亚类型组成,体现出复杂改造的成矿过程.矿化矿物流体包裹体均-温度集中在199～300℃,成矿压力为370×105～820×105 Pa,具中-低温热液成矿特征;成矿早期流体包裹体盐度3.27(NaCl)%,中晚期5.25(NaCl)%;6件矿化矿物氢氧同位素组成δ18OH2O为-7.86‰～0.37‰,δDH2O为-80.70‰～66.30‰,具有由大气降水向右横向漂移的以天水为主的成矿流体受到较强烈的改造;金矿床属于热水沉积-韧脆性构造叠加-大气降水为主含矿热液改造的微细粒浸染型(类卡林型)金矿床.     

矿床地球化学类型及其在地质勘查中的意义

根据文献报导及作者的研究,分别对Sedex型铅锌矿床、浅成低温热液金矿床、岩浆期后高温热液型石英脉状黑钨矿矿床和沉积岩为主岩的微细浸染型(卡林型)金矿床进行了矿床地球化学分类:Sedex型铅锌矿床分为Selwyn型矿床和McArthur型矿床,前者的成矿热卤水产生于开阔海盆或大陆斜坡的浊积岩建造,后者的成矿热卤水产生于氧化的海底裂谷沉积建造,浅成低温热液型金矿床分为酸性-硫酸盐型(明矾石-高岭石型)金矿床和冰长石-绢云母型金矿床,前一类金矿床的成矿流体,f(S2)和f(O2)较高,pH值较低,后一类金矿床的成矿流体,f(S2)和f(O2)较低,pH值较高.岩浆期后高温热液型石英脉状黑钨矿矿床分为钨-铍-钼-铋型黑钨矿矿床和钨-锡-硫化物型黑钨矿矿床,钨-铍-钼-铋型黑钨矿矿床的成矿作用是在pH值较高的弱碱性、Eh值较高的环境中进行的,钨-锡-硫化物型黑钨矿床的成矿作用是在pH值较低的弱酸性的,Eh值较低的环境中进行的.沉积岩为主岩的微细浸染型(卡林型)金矿床分为金-砷-(锑)型金矿床、金-汞-(铊)型金矿床和金-锑-黄铁矿型金矿床.金-砷-(锑)型金矿床的成矿流体是地层建造水(为主)与改造后的大气降水混合形成的热液,其pH值为3.6～5.2,且Eh值较低;金-汞-(铊)型金矿床的成矿流体是大气降水与地层建造水混合形成的热液,其pH值为5.0～7.5,Eh值较高;金-锑-黄铁矿金矿床的成矿流体是改造后的大气降水与岩浆演化成的流体混合形成的热液,其pH值为5.4～6.77,Eh值较高.     

山东邹平火山岩地区铜矿床成矿流体的形成、演化及成矿

邹平地区与火山岩浆热液作用有关的铜矿床主要可划分为2种类型：一类为斑岩-火山角砾岩型,另一类为浅成低温热液型;代表性矿床分别为王家庄斑岩一火山角砾岩型铜（钼）矿床和南洞子浅成低温热液型铜（金）矿床。流体包裹体研究表明：王家庄铜（钼）矿床成矿流体的均一化温度和盐度偏高,出现了富气相的两相水溶液包裹体、富液相的两相水溶液包裹体和含子晶的三相水溶液包裹体共存现象,加温后,富气相包裹体均一到气相,同期富液相包裹体均一到液相的特征,这表明成矿流体在形成和演化过程中曾发生过沸腾作用。南洞子铜（金）矿床成矿流体均一温度和盐度偏低,以上3种包裹体共存的现象不明显,说明成矿流体在形成和演化过程中沸腾作用不强。上述2类矿床矿化脉石英中的δ^18OH2O-δD投影点飘离岩浆水范围,参照流体包裹体研究结果,证明邹平地区与火山岩浆热8液作用有关的铜矿成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水,后期混人大气降水。相比之下,浅成低温热液铜矿成矿流体中的大气降水混入量多。     

五凤浅成热液金矿床地质特征及成矿机理研究

五凤金矿床是中生代陆相火山环境中的浅成热液型矿床。其典型的蚀变矿物包括绢云母、冰长石、玉髓、蛋白石、浊沸石、水白云母和蒙脱石。流体包裹体研究表明,成矿温度集中于200～240℃,含盐度很低(1.0wt％～1.5wt％NaCl),成矿压力为4.0×10~7～6.8×10~7Pa,流体由偏碱性向弱碱性演化;稳定同位素研究结果为,δD=-66‰～-98‰,δ~(18)O_(H_2O)=-3.2‰～-7.2‰,δ~(34)S=1.0‰～2.6‰,δ~(13)C=-6.9‰～-9.4‰。由此推断成矿流体为天水成因的地热水,矿质来自深源。它完全可以同世界上典型的浅成热液贵金属矿床相类比。     

甘肃大水金矿床成矿流体特征与来源

产于西秦岭南缘的大水金矿是一个新型金矿床。作者在前人研究的基础上,通过对大水金矿床流体包裹体的较系统研究认为,大水金矿床的方解石中的包裹体以气液包裹体为主。流体包裹体气相成分的CH4、CO、H2的含量反映属氧化环境;液相成分中阴离子以SO42-为主,Cl-次之;阳离子以K＋为主,Na＋次之。Au在成矿流体中以AuSO42-络合物的形式迁移。矿床成矿温度为120℃～220℃,属中低温范畴。w（NaCleq）盐度为2.7%～9.1%,密度为0.875～0.970g/cm3。流体水的δD值为-101‰～-61‰,δ18O（SMOW）为-0.3‰～19.42‰,δ18OH2O为-4.32‰～8.33‰,显示早期成矿流体来源于岩浆水,晚期成矿流体为岩浆水与大气降水的混合;δ13C值趋向热液成因。综合分析认为该矿床为一层控—浅成-超浅成岩浆期后中低温热液交代型金矿床,为多次构造—岩浆作用的产物。     

斑岩铜矿-浅成低温热液银铅锌一远接触带热液金矿矿床模型：一个新的矿床模型——以德兴地区为例

在前人研究的基础上,通过系统的野外考察,论证了位于赣东北德兴地区德乐中生代火山盆地中的德兴铜矿、银山银铜铅锌矿和金山金矿及蛤蟆石金矿属于同一成矿系统。德兴铜矿是典型的斑岩铜矿,成矿流体和金属元素主要来自岩浆;银山银铜铅锌矿是一个下部为斑岩铜矿、上部为浅成低温热液型银铅锌矿,成矿流体早期以岩浆为主,晚期有较多的大气降水参与,成矿物质主要来自岩浆;金山和蛤蟆石金矿是远接触带热液矿床,成矿流体为岩浆热液与大气降水的混合产物,金主要来自围岩——双桥山群浅变质岩。这3套矿床以中酸性花岗斑岩或石英斑岩（高钾钙碱质花岗岩）为核心具有明显的分带性,自中心向外或深部向浅部为：斑岩铜金钼矿、浅成低温热液型银铅锌矿和远接触带热液型金矿。这种矿床组合关系不同于已知的经典斑岩铜矿模型和斑岩铜矿一浅成低温热液金银矿床模型,因而,有必要提出一个新的模型：斑岩铜矿一浅成低温热液银铅锌矿一远接触带热液金矿模型。这套矿『末形成于中侏罗世,抑或是古太平洋俯冲板片局部重熔或撕裂重熔的产物,抑或是在活动大陆边缘岩浆弧后伸展带由地幔底侵的结果。     

大庄子金矿床稳定同位素地球化学研究

大庄子金矿为新近发现的大型金矿床,矿床产于胶北地体与胶莱断陷盆地拼合带附近的荆山群地层中,同时产出石英脉和蚀变岩两种类型的矿体.矿物组合中含有非常丰富的方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铜矿.同位素研究表明,成矿物质具多源性特点,既有深部来源,又与荆山群地层有一定关系.成矿流体δ(18OH2O)=+5.30×10-3～+2.31×10-3,δ(DH2O)=-66.4×10-3～-72×10-3,反映了成矿流体由大气降水和岩浆水混合组成的特点,成矿时代为115Ma.     

新疆东准噶尔绿源金矿床成因研究：流体包裹体及氢、氧同位素制约

东准噶尔绿源金矿是近年来新发现的矿床,位于野马泉-琼河坝古生代岛弧带东段的琼河坝矿集区。矿体主要产于上石炭统巴塔玛依内山组中酸性火山岩中,呈似层状、条带状、透镜状,多受断裂构造控制。流体成矿作用可分为4个阶段:石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英(玉髓)-金-黄铁矿阶段、石英-金-多金属硫化物阶段、石英-碳酸盐阶段,其中阶段2和阶段3为金主要成矿阶段。金属硫化物组合主要为黄铁矿-毒砂-闪锌矿-黄铜矿±银金矿组合。文章从流体包裹体和H、O同位素研究入手,对该矿床成矿流体和矿床成因进行探讨。流体包裹体岩相学特征显示,本矿床热液矿物中流体包裹体存在3种类型:富液相气液两相水溶液包裹体(V+L型)、富气相气液两相水溶液包裹体(V型)和纯液相水溶液包裹体(L型)。其中,V+L型包裹体数量最多,各阶段热液矿物中均有发育;V型包裹体数量最少;L型包裹体数量较少。显微测温结果显示:绿源金矿床石英中流体包裹体均一温度介于115~349℃之间,盐度集中于0.7%~8.8%NaCl eqv.之间,密度介于0.66~0.98g/cm~3之间;从阶段2至阶段4,流体均一温度从268~322℃,经181~300℃,降为115~176℃。这些都表明绿源金矿床成矿流体具有低温、低盐度、低密度的特征,与典型浅成低温热液型金矿成矿流体特征相似。对成矿压力和深度的估算表明,其成矿压力为(73~335)×10~5Pa(均值203×10~5Pa),成矿深度为0.24~1.12km(均值0.68km),显示出浅成热液矿床的特征。流体包裹体激光拉曼探针分析显示,各阶段包裹体成分类似,气相成分和液相成分主要为H_2O。成矿流体氢、氧同位素组成分别为δD_(H_2O)=-108.8‰~-129.0‰、δ~(18) O_(H_2O)=-7.2‰~4.6‰,表明成矿流体具有多来源,以大气降水为主的特征。综合矿床地质特征和成矿流体研究,认为流体不混溶作用可能是绿源金矿床的重要成矿机制,该矿床应属浅成低温热液型金矿床。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of     

OCEANOGRAPHY & MARINE GEOLOGY

正20140582 Fang Xisheng(Key Lab.of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology,First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China);Shi Xuefa Mineralogy of Surface Sediment in the Eastern Area off the Ryukyu Islands and Its Geological Significance(Marine Geology Quaternary Geology,ISSN0256-1492,CN37