微粉微晶玻璃的致密烧结与析晶

采用R2O-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系统,制备微粉微晶玻璃.研究合理的烧结、析晶温度制度,以及升温速率、粉体粒度对玻璃析晶、显微结构的影响,探讨提高微晶玻璃的晶体质量分数和致密度、优化微晶玻璃显微结构的途径.结果表明,采用微粉制备辉石族矿物为主晶相微晶玻璃时,粉体的巨大表面积使微晶化进程变得更加容易,晶化处...     

Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2系微晶玻璃微观组织结构的研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法制得Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2系基础玻璃,根据DSC曲线制得Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2系微晶玻璃.晶化后的微晶玻璃中析出主晶相为磁铁矿(Fe3O4),同时析出次晶相硅灰石(CaSiO3)和少量赤铁矿(Fe2O3)及玻璃相.玻璃相中含有大量细小的柱状晶体、球状晶体,属于三维析晶.不同升温速率下得到的微晶玻璃表面形貌是不同的.在2℃/min升温速率下,晶粒呈柱状或球状;在15℃/min升温速率下,晶粒有的呈片状,有的呈柱状.     

二次烧成对CaO-B2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃结构和性能的影响

研究一次和二次烧成对CaO-B2O3-SiO2(CBS)微晶玻璃的烧结性能与介电性能的影响。用X线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等分析探讨二次烧成对CBS微晶玻璃的微观结构与介电性能的关系。结果表明:与一次烧成相比,二次烧成能够促进玻璃体中的小晶粒生长,试样的收缩率和体积密度有所增加,有利于介电常数提高和介质损耗的降低,且体系中没有出现新的晶相;875℃烧结的试样,X/Y轴收缩率均为14.33%,体积密度达到2.46 g/cm3,10MHz介电常数和损耗相应为6.21和3.5×10-3,热膨胀系数为11.86×10-6/℃,抗折强度为157.36MPa。     

成型工艺对CBS系微晶玻璃结构与性能的影响

采用干压成型和流延成型工艺制备CaO-B2O3-SiO2(CBS)系生坯。考察成型工艺对CBS微晶玻璃的烧结性能与介电性能的影响;用X线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对试样进行表征。结果表明:与干压成型相比,流延成型体系中没有出现新的晶相,流延成型试样的体积密度和收缩率有所增加,有利于介电常数提高和介质损耗的降低;850℃烧结的流延成型试样,体积密度达到2.58 g/cm3,X、Y轴收缩率均为15.35%,10 GHz时介电常数和介电损耗分别为6.45和8×10-4,300℃的热膨胀系数为12.02×10-6K-1,抗弯强度为161.18 MPa,热导率为1.9 W/(m.K)。CBS微晶玻璃与Ag电极高温烧结后金属Ag布线断裂。金属Ag电极浆料与生料带共烧时,Ag+能够沿着基片表面不致密部分扩散,而相对致密的晶相,能够在一定程度上阻碍Ag+扩散。     

晶化时间对钢渣微晶玻璃结构和性能的影响

以熔融热态钢渣为起始原料,在高温状态下加入质量比为1.0∶1.5的石英砂对钢渣进行调质,得到的钢渣玻璃熔体采用熔融法制备微晶玻璃.利用差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜/能谱仪(SEM/EDS)研究晶化时间对微晶玻璃析晶和性能的影响.结果表明:微晶玻璃的主晶相为透辉石[(Mg6Al2Fe2)Ca(Si1.5Al5)O2],晶体形貌为块状,直径约为10~20μm,分布均匀.随着晶化时间的增加,样品的密度、显微硬度、耐腐蚀性呈逐渐增强的变化趋势.经700℃核化2h,900℃晶化5h后的微晶玻璃综合性能较好.     

晶化温度对微晶玻璃析晶行为和性能的影响

本文以铬渣和铜尾矿为原料,采用熔融法制备微晶玻璃,借助XRD和SEM等分析手段,系统研究了晶化温度对微晶玻璃析晶行为的影响;研究结果表明:随着晶化温度的升高,微晶玻璃的主晶相均为普通辉石,且晶体尺寸增大,晶核数量减少,同时微晶玻璃的表观体积密度和显微硬度呈先增大后减小的趋势,当晶化温度为860℃时,表观体积密度和显微硬度达到最大,其值分别为3.06g.cm-3和925Hv。     

由熔融高炉渣制备微晶玻璃

采用熔融法,由熔融高炉渣制备性能稳定的基础玻璃.通过对基础玻璃的差热分析确定微晶玻璃的热处理工艺制度.结合X射线衍射分析、扫描式电子显微镜观察等现代研究方法,确定了微晶玻璃热处理制度的最佳工艺参数,并研究了微晶玻璃的晶体生长方式.微晶玻璃的热处理最佳工艺参数为：核化温度850℃,保温1.5 h;晶化温度935℃,保温1 h.玻璃首先从表面开始析晶,然后逐步向内部生长.实验所得微晶玻璃的力学性能,如抗折强度、耐酸碱性和硬度,均优于天然大理石.     

Na2SiF6对微晶玻璃析晶结构及性能的影响

探讨Na2SiF6晶核剂不同添加量对利用废旧啤酒瓶研制的微晶玻璃的微观结构及性能的影响.用XRD和SEM及相关分析软件表征不同样品的晶相及微观形貌并测试试样的相关性能指标.实验结果表明:添加Na2SiF6试样中析出的主晶相是Na2Ca(SiO4)、Na2Ca3Si6O16和CaMgSi2O6,析出晶体含量随着Na2SiF6添加量增加而增加,确定7%为最佳的Na2SiF6添加量,此时微晶玻璃析出晶相的总量为44.35%,对应的性能指标为:体积密度2.42 g.cm-3,吸水率0.078%,抗折强度100.2 MPa.     

MAS/SiC窑具材料的制备与表征

合成堇青石(MAS)并制备MAS/SiC复相材料,测试了复相材料的体积密度、开口气孔率及抗热震性等.实验结果表明:随着烧结温度的提高,抗折强度先增大后减小,1420℃达到最大;1420℃烧结的复相材料体积密度随MAS含量的增加先增加后减小,开口气孔率先减小后增加,抗折强度先增大后减小;当w(MAS)为7%,烧结工艺为1420℃×6h时,复相材料各性能最好,体积密度为2.485g/cm3,开口气孔率为26.4%,并且抗热震性也较好,1200℃热震后,材料的残余强度为19.8MPa.     

K_2O对Li_2O-SiO_2系微晶玻璃低温共烧陶瓷的影响

采用烧结法制备了Li2O-SiO2系微晶玻璃低温共烧陶瓷。通过热膨胀系数、DTA、XRD、影像式烧结点试验仪、SEM、体积电阻率等方法,研究了K2O含量对玻璃热力学性质、析晶行为、烧结性能、形貌和电学性能的影响。结果表明:用K2O取代Li2O,可降低玻璃转变温度,减弱析晶倾向,提高热膨胀系数和析晶活化能;K2O有助于玻璃粉体烧结致密,可以控制微晶玻璃晶相组成和含量。电学性能研究结果表明,K2O可显著提高微晶玻璃的电学性能。     

Influence of CeO<Subscript>2</Subscript> addition on the preparation of foamed glass-ceramics from high-titanium blast furnace slag

Foamed glass-ceramics doped with cerium oxide (CeO₂) were successfully prepared from high-titanium blast furnace slag by one-step sintering. The influence of CeO₂ addition (1.5wt%–3.5wt%) on the crystalline phases, microstructure, and properties of foamed glass-ceramics was studied. Results show that CeO₂ improves the stability of the glass phase and changes the two-dimensional crystallization mechanism into three-dimensional one. XRD analysis indicates the presence of Ca(Mg, Fe)Si₂O₆ and Ca(Ti, Mg, Al)(Si, Al)₂O₆ in all sintered samples. Added with CeO₂, TiCeO₄ precipitates, and crystallinity increases, leading to increased thickness of pore walls and uniform pores. The comprehensive properties of foamed glass-ceramics are better than that of samples without CeO₂. In particular, the sample added with a suitable amount of CeO₂ (2.5wt%) exhibits bulk density that is similar to and compressive strength (14.9 MPa) that is more than twice of foamed glass-ceramics without CeO₂.     

Effect of sintering temperature on the microstructure and properties of foamed glass-ceramics prepared from high-titanium blast furnace slag and waste glass

Foamed glass-ceramics were prepared via a single-step sintering method using high-titanium blast furnace slag and waste glass as the main raw materials The influence of sintering temperature (900-1060℃) on the microstructure and properties of foamed glass-ceramics was studied. The results show that the crystal shape changed from grainy to rod-shaped and finally turned to multiple shapes as the sintering temperature was increased from 900 to 1060℃. With increasing sintering temperature, the average pore size of the foamed glass-ceramics increased and subsequently decreased. By contrast, the compressive strength and the bulk density decreased and subsequently increased. An excessively high temperature, however, induced the coalescence of pores and decreased the compressive strength. The optimal properties, including the highest compressive strength (16.64 MPa) among the investigated samples and a relatively low bulk density (0.83 g/cm3), were attained in the case of the foamed glass-ceramics sintered at 1000℃.     

Mo2 NiB2基金属陶瓷的制备与性能

采用单质硼粉、镍粉和钼粉结合反应硼化烧结法制备了Mo2 NiB2基金属陶瓷,研究了Mo2 NiB2基金属陶瓷在烧结过程中的物相转变和尺寸变化以及烧结温度和保温时间对其力学性能和显微组织的影响.结果发现：随着烧结温度升高,材料物相逐渐由单质相变为二元硼化物相和三元硼化物相,并且材料的尺寸先发生细微收缩,再在硼化反应过程中逐渐增加,最后在液相烧结过程中逐渐减小;随着烧结温度升高,Mo2 NiB2基金属陶瓷的抗弯强度和硬度先增加后减小,在1290℃达到最大,分别为1346.5 MPa和83.7 HRA,并且硬质相颗粒逐渐粗化;保温时间对材料性能的影响与烧结温度一致,但在保温30 min时抗弯强度最大(1453.3 MPa),保温60 min时硬度最大(83.7 HRA).     

MnO2对8YSZ低温活化烧结及其性能的影响

以MnO2为8YSZ的烧结助剂,研究MnO2含量和烧结工艺参数对8YSZ活化烧结及其性能的影响.采用阿基米德排水法、维氏显微硬度仪、电子万能试验机对烧结块体的致密度、硬度和抗弯强度进行分析,并使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X线衍射分析(XRD)对其微观形貌和相组成进行表征.实验结果表明:块体的致密度随着MnO2含量的增加而逐渐增加,当MnO2添加量为3％时获得了最好的烧结效果;随着温度的升高,块体致密度也逐渐增加,在1300℃烧结4h时,致密度达到了98.59％:在此条件下,样品的硬度与抗弯强度均为最佳,分别为1830.21(HV)与235.46 MPa.     

Influence of aluminium nitride as a foaming agent on the preparation of foam glass-ceramics from high-titanium blast furnace slag

To effectively reuse high-titanium blast furnace slag (TS), foam glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by powder sintering at 1000℃. TS and waste glass were used as the main raw materials, aluminium nitride (AlN) as the foaming agent, and borax as the fluxing agent. The influence of the amount of AlN added (1wt%–5wt%) on the crystalline phases, microstructure, and properties of the produced foam glass-ceramics was studied. The results showed that the main crystal phases were perovskite, diopside, and augite. With increasing AlN content, a transformation from diopside to augite occurred and the crystallinity of the pyroxene phases slightly decreased. Initially, the average pore size and porosity of the foam glass-ceramics increased and subsequently decreased; similarly, their bulk density and compressive strength decreased and subsequently increased. The optimal properties were obtained when the foam glass-ceramics were prepared by adding 4wt% AlN.     

工艺条件对钢铁废渣玻璃陶瓷显微结构的影响

通过对材料组成和结构的设计,获得了高炉渣和钢渣用量为55％－60％,抗弯强度大于300MPa,显微硬度达12GPa,耐磨性比GCr15钢高26倍的玻璃陶瓷。探讨了微晶化工艺条件对钢铁废渣玻璃陶瓷的显微结构和性能的影响,在一定工艺条件下所制备的玻璃陶瓷的晶相含量可达90％以上,晶粒大小仅0．1－0．3μm,多为等轴柱状晶,以辉石类为主晶相。     

含锂铝硅微晶玻璃的钛酸铝陶瓷的显微结构

运用透射电镜、电子衍射、元素能谱分析，及热膨胀系数和力学性能综合测试手段，研究了含LiO2-Al2O3-SiO2（LAS）微晶玻璃的钛酸铝陶瓷显微结构及力学性能。实验结果表明，LAS微晶玻璃的玻璃相促进了钛酸铝陶瓷的液相烧结而提高其力学性能，同时通过玻璃相中析出低膨胀的微晶又使陶瓷的热膨长系数下降。     

Effects of sintering atmosphere on the physical and mechanical properties of modified BOF slag glass

This study proposes an efficient way to utilize all the chemical components of the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag to prepare high value-added glass-ceramics. A molten modified BOF slag was converted from the melting BOF slag by reducing it and separating out iron component in it, and the modified BOF slag was then quenched in water to form glasses with different basicities. The glasses were subsequently sintered in the temperature range of 600–1000℃ in air or nitrogen atmosphere for 1 h. The effects of different atmospheres on the physical and mechanical properties of sintered samples were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by conducting experiment on evaluating the sintering shrinkage, water absorption and bulk density. It is found that the kinetics of the sintering process is significantly affected by sintering atmosphere. In particular, compared with sintering in air atmosphere, sintering in N₂ atmosphere promotes the synergistic growth of pyroxene and melilite crystalline phases, which can contribute to better mechanical properties and denser microstructure.     

B_4C陶瓷材料的无压烧结与性能

以碳化硼微粉作为原料,选用SiC和C为烧结助剂,研究了SiC和C对无压烧结B4C材料的体积密度、硬度、抗折强度和断裂韧性等性能的影响.结果表明,最佳烧结温度为1975℃,保温时间是30min.SiC和C的质量分数对材料密度、硬度和抗折强度的影响都是先增大后减小.烧结助剂SiC和C的最佳添加量分别为6%和5%(质量分数)时,得到相应的无压烧结B4C陶瓷材料的最佳力学性能:体积密度为2.45g/cm3,维氏硬度为35GPa,抗折强度为240MPa,断裂韧性为3.0MPa.m1/2     

保温时间对铝厂废渣研制的氧化铝磨介微观结构及性能影响

以铝型材厂废渣为主要原料,通过添加少量粘土,滑石及碳酸钡复合助烧剂研制刚玉耐磨瓷球.探讨不同保温时间对瓷球微观结构及各项性能指标的影响.采用XRD和SEM等测试手段探讨其晶相结构和显微结构并测试抗弯强度、硬度、磨损率和气孔率等性能指标.结果表明:最佳保温时间为3 h,此时样品由4种晶相组成,其中刚玉为主晶相,含量约75%,其各项性能分别为:吸水率为0.032%,气孔率为0.105%,体积密度为3.289 g/cm3,抗弯强度为136 MPa,显微硬度为8.25 GPa,磨损率为0.044 1%/h.