双包络蜗杆副的载荷分布研究

给出了确定双包络蜗杆传动副沿蜗杆螺纹面和蜗轮轮齿瞬时接触 线载荷分布的方法,研究了蜗杆螺纹面和蜗轮齿面弯曲变形、剪切变形、接触变形及蜗杆轴向变形。采用数值分析和迭代技术对确定载荷分布的积分公式进行求解。分别计算了传统蜗杆副和新型蜗杆副的载荷分布,同时分析了各因素对载荷分布的影响。     

齿廓方向修形的斜齿面齿轮啮合特性研究

主要研究了修形面齿轮副传动的啮合特性.提出了一种沿齿廓方向抛物线修形的面齿轮齿面结构,对传统斜齿面齿轮和修形的斜齿面齿轮副的啮合进行了比较.计算机仿真表明,修形的斜齿面齿轮传动啮合性能明显改善,接触路径沿两齿面齿长方向分布,有效避免了边缘接触;啮合区域对安装误差较为敏感,特别是轴夹角误差的大小,对啮合印痕在齿面上分布的影响尤其明显,容易导致接触区域向面齿轮的大端和小端偏移.     

平面包络内啮合蜗杆传动关键参数对接触区域的影响分析

为了研究关键设计参数对平面包络内啮合蜗杆传动接触性能及承载能力的影响。基于齿轮啮合原理,构建平面包络内啮合蜗杆传动的空间齿面接触线方程,利用数值计算方法求得空间齿面接触线,并将其映射到蜗轮齿面,通过分析中心距、传动比、母平面倾角、蜗轮回转轴倾角、蜗轮转角、蜗杆分度圆系数、主基圆系数等不同参数对蜗杆齿面接触区域的分布情况,找出合理的设计参数范围,此外,根据初步分析结果,选取一组较为合理参数生成了平面包络内啮合蜗杆传动的三维模型。研究表明,传动比、母平面倾角、蜗轮转角对平面包络内啮合蜗杆传动的接触区域有较大影响,母平面倾角在18°~36°、蜗轮回转中心轴倾角在30°~54°、蜗轮转角在90°~138°之间取值时,平面包络内啮合蜗杆传动的具有较好的接触区域。研究结果为平面包络内啮合蜗杆传动的后续研究奠定了理论基础。     

锥面包络圆柱蜗杆失配啮合传动

本文提出了采用锥面包络圆柱蜗杆（ZK1）与阿基米德蜗轮（ZA）实现的失配点接触蜗杆传动。并运用活动标架分析法、齿接触分析法、曲率干涉分析法及传动比导数和误差敏感性矩阵等理论进行了分析；通过改变切齿机床安装参数或刀具参数的加工及修形方法，制造了4台样机并进行了对滚试验验证。     

制造的斜齿轮齿向修形曲线的优化分析

蜗杆砂轮磨削是中小模数齿轮批量精密加工的主要工艺,其在加工齿向修形斜齿轮时,存在原理性误差,产生齿面扭曲,影响齿轮的传动性能。为此,分析了蜗杆砂轮磨削齿向修形斜齿轮齿面扭曲的产生机理,建立了齿向修形量与齿面扭曲量间的关系模型。从减小制造原理误差的角度,提出一种齿向鼓形修形曲线的优化方法。以某齿向修形齿轮蜗杆砂轮磨削为例,计算了齿向修形曲线优化前后齿面的扭曲量,分析了齿面接触应力以及载荷分布,证明了该优化方法的可行性。     

环面蜗杆齿面的计算机仿真

本文在建立柱面包络环面蜗杆传动的数学模型的基础上，运用三维计算图形技术，编制绘出环面蜗杆齿面正等轴测图的计算机程序，并对柱面包络环面蜗杆齿面及修形后的蜗杆齿面进行计算机仿真     

无侧隙双滚子包络环面蜗杆传动的参数优化

无侧隙双滚子包络环面蜗杆传动是一种能同时满足高精度、大载荷要求的新型环面蜗杆传动.为获得啮合性能优良的无侧隙双滚子包络环面蜗杆传动,提出综合考虑传动齿面接触性能和润滑性能对该新型传动的几何参数进行优选.通过对蜗杆副齿面啮合参数如诱导法曲率、卷吸速度、润滑角以及滚子自转角等的数值计算,分析表征传动啮合性能的齿面接触参数的影响因素,进而确定该新型蜗杆传动优化设计变量的取值范围.以此为基础,建立以蜗杆副的滚子自转角及齿面综合系数为优化目标,建立以传动齿面润滑角、蜗杆轴的强度与刚度以及几何不干涉等为约束的优化设计数学模型,并用Matlab的遗传算法工具箱对数值算例进行求解.数值实例表明,经过几何参数优化的蜗杆传动,其齿面接触性能和润滑性能明显得到改善和提高.     

基于Romax下的齿轮仿真分析及优化

以齿轮箱中低速传动比齿轮传动为研究对象,利用Romax软件对齿轮进行了仿真分析及优化。通过对未处理的轮齿与修形优化后轮齿,仿真分析出的齿面载荷分布、传递误差和齿轮谐次响应的计算结果作对比。结果表明:修形后齿轮比未处理的齿轮齿面载荷分布更均匀,减小了传递误差和谐次响应。因此,合理地修形可以改善齿面载荷分布,减小传递误差,不仅提高了齿轮的使用寿命,而且避免偏载现象使齿轮传动更稳定,减少振动,降低噪声。     

蜗杆传动新的修形方法

为了获得在传递有效功率时对制造和安装误差不敏感的修形蜗杆副,提出了一种新的获得齿长方向修形蜗轮齿面的加工方法.它使用与蜗杆参数(如螺旋升角,模数和直径系数等)不同的非标准蜗轮滚刀或飞刀,在加工蜗轮时,机床调整参数也与通常不同.计算机辅助分析分为3部分:(1)蜗轮齿面一阶和二阶参数的计算;(2)蜗轮修形刀具的参数设计;(3)修形蜗轮齿面的加工仿真.通过对已设计的蜗杆副二阶接触计算,可获得动力传动蜗杆副良好的修形齿面接触.     

准双导程蜗杆传动工程近似误差分析

以双导程直线接触偏置蜗杆传动原理为基础,提出准双导程蜗杆传动方法并进行传动误差分析。利用标准模数齿轮滚刀滚削加工蜗轮,利用传统阿基米德蜗杆的类加工方法切削加工蜗杆。分析准双导程蜗杆传动与双导程直线接触偏置蜗杆传动比的齿形误差来源,建立误差计算公式,并提出减小和消除误差的措施。设计了传动比为70和410两种准双导程蜗杆传动副,据此进行了传动试验。通过试验,验证了准双导程蜗杆传动的正确性和有效性。     

DIRECT DIGITAL DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF MESHING IN WORM-GEAR DRIVE

A direct digital design method (DDDM) of worm-gear drive is proposed. It is directly based on the simulation of manufacturing process and completely different from the conventional modeling method. The loaded tooth contact analysis (LTCA) method is analyzed, in which the advanced surface to surface searching technique is included. The influence of misalignment errors and contact deformations on contact zone and transmission error (TE) is discussed. Combined modification approach on worm tooth surface is presented. By means of DDDM and LTCA, it is very convenient to verify the effect of worm-gear drive's modification approach. The analysis results show that, the modification in profile direction reduces the sensitivity of worm-gear drive to misalignment errors and the modification in longitudinal direction decreases the TE. Thus the optimization design of worm-gear drive can be achieved prior to the actual manufacturing process.     

Modification design method for an enveloping hourglass worm gear with consideration of machining and misalignment errors

The influences of machining and misalignment errors play a very critical role in the performance of the anti-backlash double-roller enveloping hourglass worm gear(ADEHWG).However,a corresponding efficient method for eliminating or reducing these errors on the tooth profile of the ADEHWG is seldom reported.The gear engagement equation and tooth profile equation for considering six different errors that could arise from the machining and gear misalignment are derived from the theories of differential geometry and gear meshing.Also,the tooth contact analysis(TCA) is used to systematically investigate the influence of the machining and misalignment errors on the contact curves and the tooth profile by means of numerical analysis and three-dimensional solid modeling.The research results show that vertical angular misalignment of the worm wheel(Δβ) has the strongest influences while the tooth angle error(Δα) has the weakest influences on the contact curves and the tooth profile.A novel efficient approach is proposed and used to minimize the effect of the errors in manufacturing by changing the radius of the grinding wheel and the approaching point of contact.The results from the TCA and the experiment demonstrate that this tooth profile design modification method can indeed reduce the machining and misalignment errors.This modification design method is helpful in understanding the manufacturing technology of the ADEHWG.     

Parametric analysis of the end face engagement worm gear

A novel specific type of worm drive, so-called end face engagement worm gear(EFEWD), is originally presented to minimize or overcome the gear backlash. Different factors, including the three different types, contact curves, tooth profile, lubrication angle and the induced normal curvature are taken into account to investigate the meshing characteristics and create the profile of a novel specific type of worm drive through mathematical models and theoretical analysis. The tooth of the worm wheel is very specific with the sine-shaped tooth which is located at the alveolus of the worm and the tooth profile of a worm is generated by the meshing movement of the worm wheel with the sine-shaped tooth, but just the end face of the worm(with three different typical meshing types) is adapted to meshing, and therefore an extraordinary manufacturing methods is used to generate the profile of the end face engagement worm. The research results indicates that the bearing contacts of the generated conjugate hourglass worm gear set are in line contacts, with certain advantages of no-backlash, high precision and high operating efficiency over other gears and gear systems besides the end face engagement worm gear drive may improve bearing contact, reduce the level of transmission errors and lessen the sensitivity to errors of alignment. Also, the end face engagement worm can be easily made with superior meshing and lubrication performance compared with the conventional techniques. In particular, the meshing and lubrication performance of the end face engagement worm gear by using the end face to meshing can be increased over 10% and 7%, respectively. This investigate is expect to provide a new insight on the design of the future no-backlash worm drive for industry.     

精磨双凸面蜗杆的一对螺旋蜗杆传动的计算机设计、啮合的形成和仿真

作者们基于以下研究提出了精磨杆的螺旋蜗杆传动的计算机设计和分析方法。1．滚刀的理论螺线表面是用一维面生成的。2．蜗杆表面与滚刀螺线表面相比齿廓和轴向为凸面。3．蜗杆的双凸面可局部承受接触和获得给定范围的传动误差的预先设计的抛物线函数。蜗杆传动的计算机设计可以显示和避免蜗杆齿面形成奇异点和齿棱。模拟双凸面蜗杆和蜗轮齿面的啮合和接触来确定支接触轴线不对和传动误差的影响,开发和应用了数值的计算机程序。数值计算实例说明所提供的开发原理。     

精磨双凸面蜗杆的一对螺旋蜗杆传动的计算机设计、啮合的形成和仿真(续)

作者们基于以下研究提出了精磨蜗杆的螺旋蜗杆传动的计算机设计和分析方法。1．滚刀的理论螺线表面是用一维面生成的。2．蜗杆表面与滚刀螺线表面相比齿廓和轴向为凸面。3．蜗杆的双凸面可局部承受接触和获得给定范围的传动误差的预先设计的抛物线函数。蜗杆传动的计算机设计可以显示和避免蜗杆齿面形成奇异点和齿棱。模拟双凸面蜗杆和蜗轮齿面的啮合和接触来确定支承接触轴线不对中和传动误差的影响。开发和应用数值解的计算机程序。数值计算实例说明所提供的开发原理。     

双导程ZN蜗杆修缘成形磨削研究

双导程ZN蜗杆(又称法向直廓蜗杆)修缘的精密加工需要研究一种成形磨削方法。传统的蜗杆修缘磨削方法是根据加工经验对砂轮进行手工修形,加工效率低且难以实现高精度的齿形修缘磨削。为此,以ZN蜗杆修缘齿形的成形磨削为目标,在蜗杆法平面引入齿形修缘分析,建立ZN蜗杆修缘齿形的数学模型,依据空间啮合原理计算出蜗杆磨削的成形砂轮截形,并利用数控砂轮修整装置修整砂轮。为验证蜗杆修缘的成形磨削效果,选用实际生产中的某一双导程ZN蜗杆,在自主研制的数控砂轮修整系统和工厂的蜗杆磨床上进行试验,经过对成形磨削砂轮计算、修整和蜗杆磨削,结果表明,磨削蜗杆的修缘量满足预期设计要求,蜗杆齿形精度达到6级。表明该方法可用于双导程ZN蜗杆修缘的高精度成形磨削。     

Geometrical aspects of double enveloping worm gear drive

Double enveloping worm gearing is expected to have contact over larger number of teeth and higher load carrying capacity compared to single enveloping worm gearing. In this paper, contact in this gearing is analysed by geometrical simulation of worm gear tooth generation using intersection profiles of different axial sections of worm representing the hob tooth profile with transverse plane of worm gear. The analysis reveals that in the engaging zone a straight line contact always exists in the median plane and intermittent contact exists at the extreme end sections of worm. This has lead to the idea of using two fly cutters positioned at the location identical to the extreme end sections of worm to generate full worm gear tooth thereby eliminating the need for hobs of complex geometry. For a given worm, a mating worm gear is machined in a gear hobbing machine using fly tool in two settings and nature of contact with the worm is checked by a blue test.     

直廓环面蜗杆传动类型和修形参数的选择

对直廓环面蜗杆传动类型进行分类,对现有主要修形方法进行了分析;提出Ⅱ型为首选传动类型;以△i和△a综合修形最佳,引入修形量△b＞0可以扩大蜗轮齿面接触区,并给出了△i、△a和△b修形参数的选择范围。     

实际工况下啮合传动的弹性接触算法

在实际工况条件下，对轮齿接触的可靠分析必须考虑各种误差和加载的影响。应用空间共轭曲面啮合原理和接触有限元理论，给出了基于接触齿面几何的弹性接触问题完全数值解法。以环面包络蜗杆传动副为研究对象。分析了该算法在啮合传动计算中应用的完整过程，求解了在加载情况下传动副的真实接触区、误差影响下接触区的变化情况、某一瞬时蜗轮工作齿面的最大接触应力和某一瞬时同时啮合的轮齿对数等问题。