四方相钛酸钡纳米粉体的特殊液相沉淀法制备

本文通过液相反应胶粒析出机理分析,采用快速高强度机械混合液相复合沉淀法制备了小粒径高度均匀混合的氢氧化氧钛和碳酸钡复合纳米粉体。用TEM和XRD对粉体进行了表征。平均粒径为3．5nm,且分布均匀、疏松的无定形氢氧化氧钛和四方相碳酸钡混合粉体。利用纳米粒子小尺寸效应,在低温800℃条件下焙烧获得了钛酸钡纳米粉体。经TEM和XRD表征结果为平均粒径50nm的四方相钛酸钡纳米粉体。     

纳米氧化铝粉体的绿色合成

以廉价的铝锭和异丙醇为起始原料,采用独特的分离提纯、回收再利用技术和溶胶凝胶工艺,合成高性能纳米氧化铝粉体,并利用TEM,XRD和石墨炉原子吸收法等对粉体的相组成、形貌和杂质含量进行分析研究.得出原料对粉体的形貌和组成没有影响,两种不同的Al源均制备出了粒径为10～20nm,球形γ-Al2O3粉体;而原料和蒸馏工艺对纳米氧化铝粉体的纯度有影响,随铝锭纯度的增加,所制备的纳米氧化铝所含的微量杂质含量明显下降.和一次蒸馏相比,二次蒸馏所得产物的主要微量杂质明显下降.利用重熔铝锭为原料,采用二次蒸馏工艺,制得了纯度高达99.99%的纳米氧化铝,且在制备过程中没有废液,废气排出,实现了高纯纳米氧化铝粉体的低成本、环保型生产.     

碳热还原法合成纯相氮氧化铝粉体的研究

采用碳热还原法，利用纳米原料反应体系，并采用XRD研究合成工艺参数（碳粉的质量比、升温速率、保温时间等）对纯相氮氧化铝粉体制备的影响，在碳粉质量配比为5．6％，合成温度1800℃，保温2h时得出了纯相氮氧化铝粉体的最佳工艺条件，并利用TEM对合成纯相粉体的微观形貌进行观察。可以看出纳米原料反应体系具有制备粉体纯度高、保温时间短、反应温度低等特点。     

纳米氧化铝的制备及应用进展

对近年来纳米氧化铝材料的各种制备方法及应用进行了综述。主要通过气相法、液相法和固相法,对纳米氧化铝的制备方法进行系统的阐述,并对其在陶瓷材料制备、材料表面改性、聚合物改性、复合材料制备以及功能材料等方面的应用进行了综述。不断开发纳米氧化铝材料的新工艺和新方法,对于纳米氧化铝的制备具有重要意义。不断开拓纳米氧化铝的应用领域,进而改善产品质量。最后,对纳米氧化铝的制备技术和应用领域的发展方向进行展望。     

工艺参数对微区沉淀法制备纳米MgAl2O4粉体的影响

采用高分子网络微区沉淀法制备纳米镁铝尖晶石（MgAl2O4）粉体，并采用TGA／DTA、XRD和TEM等分析测试技术对前驱体的热分解和所制得粉体的物相组成、形貌及颗粒尺寸进行表征，结果表明所制得的MgAl2O4粉体颗粒粒径小，结晶良好，成分单一且粒径大小均匀。而实验过程中工艺参数的改变会对生成粉体的粒径和形貌产生一定的影响，进而即研究了各种工艺参数的改变对该方法制备纳米MgAl2O4粉体的影响。     

纳米多孔氧化铝膜的制备与结构表征

采用二次阳极氧化法,以草酸为电解液,制备纳米多孔氧化铝膜。利用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜和X射线衍射仪对氧化铝薄膜的微观形貌和相组成进行了表征,研究了二次阳极氧化法制备纳米多孔氧化铝膜的过程和成膜机理。结果表明:二次阳极氧化制备的纳米多孔氧化铝膜为非定型态,所得孔洞排列规则且分布均匀,平均孔径约为29 nm,孔密度为1.74×1010个/cm2。纳米多孔氧化铝膜的形成经历了阻挡层形成、微孔层形成和多孔层形成与长大等阶段。     

纳米α-Al2O3超细磨料绿色制备工艺的研究

本文研究了以Al(NO3)3·9H2O和NH3·H2O溶液为原料,以聚乙二醇为分散剂,并通过在溶胶-凝胶过程中加入高纯氧化铝晶种和引入AlF3添加剂制备工艺在较低温度下合成了纳米α型氧化铝。通过X射线衍射分析和差热分析,研究了由凝胶至α-Al2O3粉末的转变温度、物相和晶粒度。结果表明:该工艺可显著降低过渡型氧化铝向α型氧化铝的相转变温度,所制氢氧化铝凝胶经950℃锻烧可获得平均粒径为45nm的α型纳米氧化铝。由于该工艺显著降低了相转变温度,可节约大量能源,是一种环境友好的绿色合成工业。     

等离子喷涂制备TiO2纳米颗粒

采用液料等离子喷涂法，在不同电弧功率条件下，用钛酸丁酯的乙醇溶液作为喷涂原料，制备出了纳米TiO2颗粒。用透射电镜和X射线衍射仪分析了颗粒的显微组织和晶型结构，计算了颗粒中的锐钛矿相和金红石相的含量与晶粒尺寸。研究表明，液料等离子喷涂制备的纳米TiO2颗粒平均粒径为10～50nm，其晶型以锐钛矿为主，且随着电弧功率的增大，锐钛矿含量减少；在文中试验工艺参数下，收集速率为0．8～1．2g／min，收集效率为8％～10％。     

ITO废靶回收制备超细ITO粉末的研究

以ITO废靶为原料，硫酸浸出，均相共沉淀一共沸蒸馏法制备出了均匀分散、粒径小于100nm的类球状高纯纳米级ITO粉体。用本工艺制备回收超细ITO粉末，制备工艺简单，设备投资小，可适用于工业化生产。     

液料等离子热喷法制备Fe3+/TiO2纳米粉末

通过对液料等离子热喷前驱物添加掺杂成分实现了液料等离子热喷TiO2纳米粉末的掺杂改性,并利用TEM,XRD及XPS对其进行表征.结果表明,采用液料等离子热喷法可以制备Fe3 掺杂TiO2纳米粉末,所制备粉末形貌基本呈球形或近球形,粒径分布为10～35 nm,掺杂量小于2.0%时粉末为锐钛矿及金红石相混晶,Fd3 掺杂促进锐钛矿向金红石相的转变,掺杂量为10.0%时析出了Fe2Ti3O9相.Fe3 掺杂不会引起TiO2粒径的大范围波动.粉末中含有O,Ti,Fe和C等元素,Fe元素在TiO2中仍为 3价.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.