污泥干燥机在污泥干化焚烧工艺中的应用

污泥干化焚烧工艺综合考虑了污泥处置的可靠性、先进性、适用性、安全性与经济性等原则,将是现阶段我国一线城市污泥治理的主流工艺路线。本文通过对不同种类的污泥干燥机进行综合性能比较,推荐了作为污泥干化焚烧工艺的主流干燥机。国产干燥机在经过对国外同类设备的消化吸收后,今后将在国内污泥干化领域占据一席之地。     

微波能作用下城市脱水污泥干燥效能研究

将微波辐射用于干燥城市脱水污泥,考察了污泥含水率和温度变化,并作了经济可行性分析。结果表明,微波干燥比常规加热干燥具有更快的速度,微波干燥过程后期温度过高,伴随着污泥热解。微波干燥脱水污泥时,污泥吸收的能量有约70.7%被有效利用,损失的能量基本上可通过干化污泥的燃烧放热得以补偿。     

市政污泥干化焚烧工艺探讨

随着城市污水处理量的增大,污泥的产量也在增加。针对污泥自身的特点,介绍了市政污泥的常用的处理方法,重点介绍了干化焚烧的处理方法和工艺。污泥干化使污泥的处理方法多元化、简便化,污泥焚烧工艺被世界各国认为是污泥处理中最佳实用技术之一,以处理速度快、减量化程度高、能源再利用的突出特点而著称。     

城市污泥热风与微波干化特性研究

采用热风和微波加热两种方式对城市污泥进行薄层干化实验研究,分别考察污泥薄层厚度和其他操作条件对污泥干燥特性及能耗的影响。研究发现:在热风干燥过程中,由于污泥的塑性,污泥表面容易结壳,从而严重阻碍了水分向外迁移,使得干燥速率呈阶梯状下降。微波干燥污泥具有时间短、干燥速率大,同时节省能源。     

基于圆盘干燥机的城市污泥干燥过程研究

简述了一种新型的城市污泥清洁化处理技术,该技术采用干化污泥等固体废弃物掺杂煤粉进行发电,产生的蒸汽通过圆盘干燥机对污泥进行间接干燥。文章研究了干燥的主要操作参数(进料湿含量、产品湿含量和蒸汽压力)分别对蒸发水量、蒸汽耗量和有效干燥面积的影响。结果表明,利用自身热值污泥干化过程中无需额外添加燃料。城市污泥进料湿含量增加,水分蒸发量、蒸汽耗量和有效干燥面积线性增大。产品湿含量增加,水分蒸发量、蒸汽耗量和有效干燥面积逐渐减少,且前者影响明显大于后者。实验表明,选择合适的蒸汽压力可以获得更大的经济效益。     

市政污泥热力干化污染物排放研究

热力干化是污泥减量化和资源化利用的重要手段,研究污泥热力干化过程中的污染物排放特征对于热力干化技术的优化和污泥处理过程中的二次污染控制有重要意义。文章以桨叶式污泥干化系统为研究对象,采用红外在线气体分析仪分析了干燥尾气的组分、浓度及随时间的变化规律,同时对干燥冷凝液的COD值和pH值进行了分析,研究结论对污泥干化工程实践有理论指导意义。     

利用太阳能和高温热泵的城市污泥热干化系统技术研究

太阳能是取之不尽的能源，高温双热源热泵也是节能型产品，节能率比普通热泵高70％。所以将太阳能与热泵组合作为热源对城市污泥进行热干化，热干化的污泥可以作为燃料进行焚烧，具有极大的应用潜力。介绍了利用太阳能和热泵作为热源，利用干燥机对城市污泥进行热干化的系统结构、工作原理和实验研究。该系统也可应用于干燥其它物料，如食品、药材等。     

污泥干化技术的应用现状

污泥干化是利用热物理的原理对污泥中的水分进行排除,从而达到干燥污泥、缩小污泥体积、提高污泥热值的目的。应用自然热源的干化过程称为自然干化,主要包括污泥干化场、太阳能干化床、生物干化和芦苇干化床。使用人工热源的干化过程为人工干化。本文对各种干化技术的应用现状进行了详细的介绍,以期为污泥干化技术的比较与选择提供指导。     

某污水厂污泥低温干化处理工艺设计及运行总结

随着城市的发展，污水量的增加，市政污泥产量越来越大，污泥的处理已经成为影响到城市发展的重要环境问题之一。某污水厂采用离心脱水+低温干化工艺，实现了污泥含水率从97%～98.5%降到含水率30%～40%(含水率可调)。处理后的污泥运至发电厂进行掺烧。实现污泥的减量化、稳定化，无害化、资源化。污泥低温干化工艺主要由污泥脱水系统、污泥低温干化系统、污泥储运系统、冷却循环系统、除臭系统组成。本文主要介绍整个系统工艺设计及其运行情况总结。     

污泥干燥及气体释放特性研究

采用污泥薄片模拟分散态污泥干化过程,研究了干化风速、温度对污泥干燥速率的影响,并分析了污泥干燥过程中的形貌变化,采用热红联用分析污泥在(35～700℃)干化过程中气体的释放情况.结果表明:污泥干燥过程中的自由水、空隙水和吸附水干燥速率不同,提高干燥温度和热风风速,污泥干燥速率增大;污泥体积的收缩主要由于自由水的蒸发,粘滞区的存在是由于自由水蒸发完毕而引起干燥速率发生突变;污泥升温过程中释放的气体主要有C02、H2O、NH3、VFA及庚烷,273.75～333.76℃的温度区间为失重速率最大区域;VFA在273.75℃释放量最大,庚烷在333.76℃释放量最大.     

污水污泥干燥过程中表观形态变化及水分析出特性

The drying mechanism is important to the drying technology of sewage sludge. Using dynamic electronic balance and image acquisition technique, the paper studies the change of surface configuration and characteristics of moisture transference for three kinds of sewage sludge during drying. In the meantime, the paper also analyses the influence of sludge shape on moisture transference and the change of sludge apparent volume and porosity in the course of drying.     

Experimental and theoretical research on agitated contact drying of sewage sludge in a continuous paddle dryer

Sludge drying is an important intermediate process for sewage sludge treatment, usage, and disposal. A series of drying experiments were conducted in a continuous paddle dryer in order to have a better understanding of the sludge drying mechanism. The couple model of penetration model and Markov chain was used to simulate the drying kinetics in a continuous paddle dryer. The drying process has been compared in experimental and theoretical results, which show good agreement. The sewage sludge drying process in a continuous paddle dryer can be divided into three stages: the pasty phase, the sticky phase, and the complete-granular phase. The influences of the drying parameters on the sludge drying kinetics in a continuous paddle dryer were investigated. The sludge flow rate, dryer wall temperature, and dryer slope have remarkable influence on sludge drying in the examined range, but the stirrer speed and steam temperature have little influence on the drying kinetics.     

VOLUME REDUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL STABILIZATION OF SLUDGE IN SMALL SEWAGE PLANTS BY SOLAR DRYING

High investments, high dumping costs and high electrical energy consumption turn waste water treatment in small sewage plants an expensive process. Therefore, the University of Hohenheim and the company Thermo-System have developed a fully automatic low temperature solar drying plant allowing further stabilization and volume reduction of sewage sludge by continuous mixing and aerating. To test the potential of the technology, the drying process was investigated in a commercially operated municipal sewage treatment plant with aerobic sludge digestion. During experiments, the changes of the dry solids concentration and the volatile solids, the climatic conditions and the energy consumption were constantly measured and documented. It was found, that the sludge could be dried from a dry solids concentration of 3 to 93% w/w in 64 (flocculated) or 83 days (non-flocculated). At the same time, the volatile solids content was reduced from 65 to 34% w/w, respectively. The electrical energy consumption was only 22 to 28 kWh per ton of evaporated water, compared to 70 to 110 kWh required for conventional drying processes. The thermal energy for evaporation was fully covered by solar energy.     

Measurement and simulation of the contact drying of sewage sludge in a Nara-type paddle dryer

Contact drying experiments were carried out in a Nara-type paddle dryer to study the drying kinetics of sewage sludge in the presence of air. In order to have a better understanding of the sewage sludge drying mechanism, a penetration model developed by Tsotsas and Schlünder is used to simulate the drying kinetics of the pasty, lumpy and granular phase which the sludge experiences during the drying process. The pasty phase is assumed to be a saturated particulate phase, and the granular phase is considered as a mono-dispersed particulate phase whose diameter was experimentally determined. In the lumpy phase, a sludge wall sticking still to the paddle-shaft surface was formed, and the heat transfer resistance from the sludge wall is considered during the model calculation. The influence of the drying parameters (temperature, stirrer speed and air flowrate) on the drying process is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The result indicates that the penetration theory is able to describe the sludge drying kinetics of the three distinct phases. Experimental and calculated drying kinetics are in satisfactory agreement for different drying parameters.     

OVERVIEW AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS SEWAGE SLUDGE DRYING PROCESSES

An incineration process is routinely used in Japan to treat nearly all the generated sewage sludge. The drying process now is recognized to play an important role as a pretreatment process of a incineration process.

This paper provides a brief introduction to the conventionally utilized drying methods/equipment (i.e, hot gas drying, fluidized bed drying, pneumatic conveyor drying, and steam drying( for treating dewatered sludge cakes.     

VOLUME REDUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL STABILIZATION OF SLUDGE IN SMALL SEWAGE PLANTS BY SOLAR DRYING

ABSTRACT

High investments, high dumping costs and high electrical energy consumption turn waste water treatment in small sewage plants an expensive process. Therefore, the University of Hohenheim and the company Thermo-System have developed a fully automatic low temperature solar drying plant allowing further stabilization and volume reduction of sewage sludge by continuous mixing and aerating. To test the potential of the technology, the drying process was investigated in a commercially operated municipal sewage treatment plant with aerobic sludge digestion. During experiments, the changes of the dry solids concentration and the volatile solids, the climatic conditions and the energy consumption were constantly measured and documented. It was found, that the sludge could be dried from a dry solids concentration of 3 to 93% w/w in 64 (flocculated) or 83 days (non-flocculated). At the same time, the volatile solids content was reduced from 65 to 34% w/w, respectively. The electrical energy consumption was only 22 to 28 kWh per ton of evaporated water, compared to 70 to 110 kWh required for conventional drying processes. The thermal energy for evaporation was fully covered by solar energy.     

流化床干化法在污水处理厂污泥处置中的应用

针对大伙房水库上游污水处理厂污泥处理过程中存在的问题,提出采用流化床污泥干化法对污水厂脱水后的污泥进一步处理,实现减量和无害化。文中给出了详细的工艺过程和参数,对污泥干化工程的实施有一定的参考价值。